BRI Countries 一带一路非洲国家系列 44 | The Comoros 科摩罗

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Comoros is an island country in the Indian Ocean, off the coast of East Africa between Madagascar and mainland Africa. The capital city of Comoros is Moroni.

科摩罗是印度洋的一个岛国，位于东非海岸，马达加斯加和非洲大陆之间。科摩罗的首都是莫罗尼。

Official Languages 官方语言

The official languages of Comoros are Comorian (Shikomor), Arabic and French.

科摩罗的官方语言是科摩罗语，阿拉伯语和法语。

National Flag 国旗

The flag of Comoros has a green triangle which contains a white crescent and four stars, it also features four horizontal bands of yellow, white, red, and blue. Green color, crescent and stars are traditional Muslim symbols, four stripes and four stars represent the four main islands which make up Comoros.

科摩罗国旗有一个绿色的三角形，里面一个白色的新月和四颗星，以及黄色、白色、红色和蓝色四个水平条纹。绿色、新月和星星是传统的穆斯林符号，四条条纹和四颗星代表科摩罗的四个主要岛屿。

Currency 货币

▲ 1000 Comorian franc 一千科摩罗法郎

The official currency used in Comoros is Comorian franc.

在科摩罗用的货币是科摩罗法郎。

National Anthem 国歌 

The national anthem of Comoros is Udzima wa ya Masiwa, which means "The Union of the Great Islands."

科摩罗国歌是 Udzima wa ya masiwa，意思是“大岛联盟”。

People 人民

The first traces of inhabitation date back to the 6th century. Numerous peoples have crossed over and mixed, including those of Bantu, Malagasy, Indonesian, Arab, Portuguese, French and Indian origin. The population as of 2020 estimates is 869, 601.

最初的居住痕迹可以追溯到第六世纪。在科摩罗，许多民族交叉混合，包括班图人、马达加斯加人、印度尼西亚人、阿拉伯人、葡萄牙人、法国人和印度人。按2020年统计，科摩罗的人口为八十六万九千六百零一人。

▲ Ylang ylang 依兰依兰

Comoros is also known as the Perfume islands, it is among the world's biggest perfume plants (Vanilla, Ylang, cloves, etc.) producers. Ylang ylang is one of the ingredients used in Chanel No. 5.

科摩罗又称香水之岛，是世界上香水植物（香草、依兰、丁香等）生产大国之一。依兰依兰是香奈儿5号的原料之一。

Mount Karthala 卡尔塔拉山

Mount Karthala is Comoros’ highest point at 2,260m (7,750ft), it is an active volcano. The vast crater, which is 4km (2.5 miles) wide in places, is said to be the largest of any active volcano in the world.

卡尔塔拉山是科摩罗最高点，海拔2260米（7750英尺），是一座活火山。这座巨大的火山口，有的地方宽4公里（2.5英里），据说是世界上最大的活火山。

Turtles on Mohéli 莫赫利岛海龟

Known for its undisturbed natural beauty and tranquility, Mohéli is the smallest of the Comoros Islands. Home to the nation’s first protected area, the Parc Marin de Mohéli, it is a favorite with nature lovers for its populations of sea turtles, dolphins, whales and exotic birds.

莫赫利岛以其未受干扰的自然美景和宁静而闻名，是科摩罗群岛中最小的岛屿。这里是国家第一个保护区，即莫赫里公园的所在地，有大量海龟、海豚、鲸鱼和珍奇鸟类，是自然爱好者的最爱。

Nzwani’s Swahili architecture 恩兹瓦尼的斯瓦希里建筑

Nzwani (Anjouan) Island is notable for its waterfalls and abundant vegetation. The main town of Mutsamudu is built in Swahili-Shirazi style, complete with 17th-century houses with carved doors, twisting alleyways, mosques and a citadel. The ancient capital of Domoni is also worth a visit. The best beaches are in the Bimbini area, while perfume distilleries are found at Bambao.

恩兹瓦尼岛以瀑布和丰富的植物而闻名。主要城镇穆察穆杜利是斯瓦希里-希拉兹建筑风格，包括17世纪的雕刻门、扭曲的小巷、清真寺和城堡。多莫尼的古都也值得一游。最好的海滩在比比尼地区，而香水制造厂在班宝。

Dziani Boundouni 迪亚尼波多尼

Dziani Boundouni is a sulfurous crater-lake at the center of sparsely populated Mohéli, which can be reached on day-walks from the island capital of Fomboni. Popular with birdwatchers, a hike here also throws up the chance of catching sight of rare mongoose lemurs in the nearby rainforests.

迪亚尼波多尼是一个硫磺火山口湖，位于人口稀少的莫赫利中心，从佛姆布尼岛的首府步行即可到达。这里很受观鸟者欢迎，徒步旅行也有机会在附近雨林看到稀有狐猴。

Beaches 海滩

There are many excellent beaches on the islands and Galawa Beach on Grande Comore has a divings school. Other good beaches include Bouni, Chomoni, Itsandra, etc. Traditional canoe races are occasionally staged in the lagoon that surrounds Mahore, while visitors can watch dhows (Arab sail boats) being built on the beach at Fomboni.

岛上有许多优质的海滩，大科摩尔的加拉瓦海滩有一所潜水学校。其他的不错的海滩包括Bouni、Chomoni，等等。传统的独木舟比赛偶尔会在马霍雷周围的环礁湖举行，而游客可以在佛姆博尼的海滩上观看阿拉伯帆船的制造过程。

Mitsamiouli 米萨米乌利

A town in the north of Grande Comore, Mitsamiouli has a number of white sand beaches which are popular with tourists, it also has the remains of a Royal Palace dating back to the era of the Sultans. The town is known both for its good diving facilities and for having the best Comorian dancers.

米萨米乌利是大科摩罗北部的一个小镇，有许多白沙的海滩，而且很受游客的欢迎，它还有一座可以追溯到苏丹时代的皇宫遗迹。该镇以其良好的潜水设施和最好的科摩罗舞者而闻名。

Mahore (Mayotte) 马约特岛

This island is surrounded by coral reefs and has good beaches and excellent scuba-diving facilities. The town of Dzaoudzi contains some old fortifications worth visiting. Nature lovers will enjoy the forested island of Pamanzi as well as the waterfall at Sulu, which plunges straight into the sea.

这个岛被珊瑚礁包围着，它还有最佳的海滩和潜水设施。扎乌兹镇有一些古老的碉堡值得参观。自然爱好者可以欣赏到森林茂盛的帕曼齐岛以及直冲大海的苏鲁瀑布。

Moroni 莫罗尼

The national capital, Moroni, is on Ngazidja (Grande Comore). A charming town, it contains a few broad squares and modern government buildings as well as the old, narrow, winding streets and market place. There are numerous fine mosques including the Friday Mosque, the top of which offers attractive views over the town and ocean.

国家首都莫罗尼位于Ngazidja是一个迷人的城镇，有几个宽阔的广场和现代化的政府大楼，还有古老、狭窄、曲折的街道和市场。这里有许多精致的清真寺，包括星期五清真寺，其顶部可以俯瞰城镇和海洋。

Itsandra 伊桑德拉

▲ Itsandra Beach Hotel伊桑德拉海滩酒

This fishing village, 6km (4 miles) from Moroni on Grande Comore, has a fine beach and opportunities to see traditional dances performed by the local men. The town was once the ancient capital of the island, complete with royal tombs and a fortress built in the 17th century.

这个渔村距离科摩罗大河上的莫罗尼6公里（4英里），有一个美丽的海滩，还有机会欣赏当地人表演的传统舞蹈。该镇曾是该岛的古都，连同17世纪建造的皇陵和堡垒。

Livingstone's fruit bat 利文斯敦水果蝙蝠

Livingstone's fruit bat (Pteropus livingstonii), also called the Comoro flying fox, is a mega bat in the genus Pteropus. It is an Old-World fruit bat found only in the Anjouan and Mohéli islands in the Union of the Comoros in the western Indian Ocean.

利文斯敦水果蝙蝠, 又称科摩罗飞狐, 是一个古世水果蝙蝠，也是昂儒昂岛和莫埃利岛群岛独有物种。

Coelacanth the fossil fish found in Comoros 腔棘鱼

The coelacanths constitute a now rare order of fish that includes two extant species in the genus Latimeria: The West Indian Ocean coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae) primarily found near the Comoro Islands off the east coast of Africa and the Indonesian coelacanth (Latimeria menadoensis). They follow the oldest known living lineage of Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish and tetrapods), which means they are more closely related to lungfish, reptiles, and mammals than to the common ray-finned fishes.

腔棘鱼是一个罕见鱼类目，其包括现存的两种拉丁美洲属：西印度洋腔棘鱼（Latimeria chalumnae），主要发现于非洲东海岸科摩罗群岛附近和印度尼西亚腔棘鱼（Latimeria menadoensis）。这鱼类属于已知的最古老的肉鳍类（叶鳍鱼和四足动物）的生活谱系，这意味着它们与肺鱼、爬行动物和哺乳动物的关系比与普通的鱼鳍类更为密切。

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