BRI Asian Countries 一带一路亚洲国家 37 |Kazakhstan 哈萨克斯坦
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Kazakhstan is the largest country in Central Asia and the 9th largest country in the world. It borders Russia on the north, China on the east, and Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan to the south. The capital city of Kazakhstan is Nur-Sultan.
哈萨克斯坦是中亚最大的国家，也是世界第9大国家。北部与俄罗斯接壤，东接中国，南部与吉尔吉斯斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦和土库曼斯坦接壤。哈萨克斯坦的首都是努尔苏丹。
National Anthem 国歌
The national anthem of Kazakhstan is “Meniñ Qazaqstanım,” meaning “My Kazakhstan”.
哈萨克斯坦的国歌是“Meniñ Qazaqstanım”，意思是“我的哈萨克斯坦”。
National Flag 国旗
The Flag of the Republic of Kazakhstan has blue background with the image of the sun and 32 sunrays in its center with a soaring steppe eagle underneath.Along the flagstaff there is a vertical band with the national ornamental patterns.
The sun, rays, eagle and ornament are of golden color.The blue-sky color symbolizes honesty, fidelity, and integrity, it also represents the ancestry of the Kazakhstan people. The sun symbolizes wealth and abundance, life and energy. The steppe eagle is commonly considered a symbol of power, insight and generosity. The national ornament along the flagstaff represents the art and cultural traditions of the people of Kazakhstan.
哈萨克斯坦共和国国旗以蓝色为背景，中间是太阳和32道阳光，太阳下面是一只正在翱翔的草原鹰。沿着旗杆有一个带有国家装饰图案的垂直带。
太阳、光线、鹰和装饰品都是金色的。蓝色象征着诚实、忠诚和正直，也代表着哈萨克斯坦人民的祖先。太阳象征着财富，富足，生命和能量。草原鹰通常被认为是权力、洞察力和慷慨的象征。旗杆沿线的民族装饰物代表了哈萨克斯坦人民的传统艺术和文化。
Economy 经济
The 2020 GDP estimates of Kazakhstan is $182.62 billion USD. Its economy depends on a large number of natural resources, such as oil, natural gas and other minerals.
The country also has an area conducive to large-scale agriculture, such as animal husbandry and food production. The country's industrial sector depends on the extraction and manufacture of minerals and the production of heavy machinery.
哈萨克斯坦2020年国内生产总值估计为1826.2亿美元。它的经济依赖于大量的自然资源，如石油、天然气和其他矿产。
该国还有一个有利于畜牧业和粮食生产等大量农业的地区。该国的工业部门依赖于矿物的开采和制造以及重型机械的生产。
Capital City 首都
Nur-Sultan, it was named Astana from 1998 to March 2019, is the capital city of Kazakhstan. In March 2019, the name of the city was changed to Nur-Sultan after the outgoing president of Kazakhstan, Nur-sultan Nazarbayev.
It is located on the banks of the Ishim River in Northern Kazakhstan, within the Akmola region, although it is managed separately from the region as a city with special status.
努尔苏丹，1998年至2019年3月被命名为阿斯塔纳，是哈萨克斯坦首都。2019年3月，这座城市的名字改为努尔苏丹（Nur-Sultan），是以哈萨克斯坦卸任总统纳扎尔巴耶夫（Nur-Sultan Nazarbayev）命名的。
它位于哈萨克斯坦北部的伊希姆河畔，阿克莫拉地区内，尽管它作为一个具有特殊地位的城市与该地区分开管理。
The city is super modern and is one of the newest capitals in the world. It is sometimes called Dubai of the Steppes in Central Asia.
这座城市超级现代化，是世界上最新的首都之一。有时也被称为中亚大草原上的迪拜。
Khan Shatyr 可汗沙特尔
The Khan Shatyr is a shopping mall with the latest chain stores. In addition, there is a monorail and a beach on the top floor with sand from the Maldives. Kazakhs were once nomads riding their horses through the steppes of Kazakhstan and living in tents called yurts. The Khan Shatyr is built to resemble a yurt and is currently the largest tent structure in the world.
可汗沙特尔是一家拥有最新连锁店的购物中心。此外，顶层还有一条单轨铁路和海滩，沙滩上有来自马尔代夫的沙子。哈萨克人曾经是游牧民族，他们骑着马穿过哈萨克斯坦的大草原，而且住在一个叫做蒙古包的帐篷里。可汗沙特尔被建造成类似蒙古包，是目前世界上最大的帐篷结构。
Bayterek Tower 拜特列克塔
The Bayterek tower is built to represent Kazakh’s cultural identity. The observation tower symbolises the tree of life with the golden egg of Samruk. The mythical bird of Kazakh happiness. The observation deck is almost 100 meters above the ground and gives you a beautiful panoramic view of the city.
拜特列克塔是为了代表哈萨克人的文化身份而建造的。这座观察塔象征着生命之树和桑鲁克的金蛋。哈萨克幸福的神话鸟。观景台离地面近100米，让您可以看到城市的美丽全景。
Presidential Park and Palace 总统公园和总统府
The presidential palace is the official workplace of Kazakhstan’s president. Behind it is a rather empty park that you will have to cross if you want to walk to the Palace of Peace and Reconciliation, and the Independence Square.
总统府是哈萨克斯坦总统的官方办公场所。后面是一个相当空旷的公园，如果你想走到和平与和解宫和独立广场，就必须穿过这个公园。
Palace of Peace and Reconciliation 和平与和解宫
This pyramid was specifically built to host the yearly congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions. Inside there is also an opera house, museum, and university of civilization. It prides Kazakh’s history of cultural and religious tolerance.
这座金字塔是专门为举办一年一度的世界和传统宗教领袖大会而建造的。里面还有歌剧院、博物馆和文明大学。它以哈萨克文化和宗教宽容的历史为荣。
Independence Square 独立广场
Independence Square has some interesting architectural buildings. There is the Palace of Independence that is used for official state functions, and also several interesting museums (Modern Art Gallery, Gallery of applied history, Museum of City History Astana).
独立广场有一些有趣的建筑。这里有独立宫和几个有趣的博物馆（现代美术馆、应用历史美术馆、阿斯塔纳城市历史博物馆）
Hazrat Sultan mosque and Nur Astana mosque
哈兹拉特苏丹清真寺和努尔阿斯塔纳清真寺
The Hazrat Sultan mosque is the second biggest mosque in Central Asia. The mosque can accommodate up to 10,000 worshippers.Other places of interest in the city include the Military Historical Museum of Armed Forces, the Museum of the First President, the Central Park, etc.
哈兹拉特苏丹清真寺是中亚第二大清真寺。该清真寺最多可容纳10000名信徒。该市其他名胜古迹包括军队历史博物馆、第一任总统博物馆、中央公园等。
Korghalzyn Nature Reserve 库尔干自然保护区
Korghalzyn Nature Reserve is the largest National Park of Kazakhstan and lies 100 kilometers from Nursultan. The wetlands attract a number of different bird species including pelicans and pink flamingoes.
库尔干自然保护区是哈萨克斯坦最大的国家公园，距努尔苏丹100公里。公园的湿地吸引了许多不同的鸟类，包括鹈鹕和粉红火龙鸟。
Miscellaneous 其他
Nauryz Celebration in Omsk Region
鄂木斯克地区的诺里兹庆典
Kazakhs officially celebrate three New Year holidays. January 1st is celebrated by the Gregorian calendar, Nauryz is celebrated on March 22 as the spring equinox, and January 14th is celebrated from Soviet times and is called the “Old New Year.”
哈萨克人正式庆祝三个新年。1月1日是公历新年，3月22日是春分，1月14日是苏维埃时代的新年节日，被称为“老时新年”。
Food 食物
Nomadic roots played a significant role in the formation of Kazakh national cuisine, which has mostly been based on meat and dairy products, and later was diversified with dough(flour), delicious fruits and vegetables.
The national are drinks kymyz (fermented mare's milk) and shubat (fermented camel milk), they are usually served with bauyrsak - small pieces of fried dough, kazy - smoked horse sausages, salads. Beshbarmak is considered to be the main dish of Kazakhs; it is boiled meat (usually mutton or horse meat), served on a platter with rectangle-shaped pasta.
游牧民族的根在哈萨克民族菜肴的形成过程中发挥了重要作用，哈萨克民族菜肴大多以肉类和乳制品为主，后来用了面团（面粉）、鲜美的水果和蔬菜。
国民饮料有kymyz（发酵马奶）和shubat（发酵骆驼奶），它们通常与小块油炸面团《bauyrsak》，熏马香肠《kazy》和沙拉一起食用。贝什巴尔马克被认为是哈萨克人的主菜，是煮熟的肉（通常是羊肉或马肉）与长方形面食一起放在盘子里食用的。
And food is served~ Enjoy!
菜已经上好了~请慢用！
Contributions will be appreciated！
欢迎投稿！
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