新世纪大学英语综合教程B4U8课后练习答案

新世纪大学英语综合教程第四册   

Unit  8

Words in Action1

▇Working with Words andExpressions

1 In theboxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete thefollowing sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.

■Answers:

1) ensure           

2) excluded       

3) sustain          

4) domestic    

5) fundamental 

6) transparent    

7) elastic          

8) inherent        

9) input       

10) margin        

11) reverse  

12) potential   

13) subsidies   

14) restored   

15) features     

16) urged

2In the boxes below are some of the expressions you havelearned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form wherenecessary.

■Answers:

1) is based on       

2) lived up to       

3) account for      

4) has borne out      

5) slow down

6) act on          

7) cash in on                                   

8) regardless of                               

9) on top of                                     

10) at their peril

11) in part…in part  

12) in the name of                            

13) torn down

▆ Increasing Your Word Power

1 Each of the followingsentences has four parts underlined and marked with A, B, C and D. You are toidentify the one that needs correction. Write down the correct usage in thespace provided at the end of each sentence.

▆Answers:

▆Answers:

1) C (are→is)                              

2) C (scent→smell / odour)        

3) B (is told→be told)

4) D (since→while/whereas)             

5) C (deciding→decide)                   

6) A (takes→gives)

7) B (medicine→medical)          

8) C (minutes→minutes’)           

9) C (as well→as well as)

10) B (have usually→usuallyhave) 

11) D (while→when)                 

12) A (Viewing→Viewed)

13) D (seventh→seven)              

14) B (said of→said)                  

15) C (progresses→progress)

2 Clipping isa process that shortens a polysyllabic (多音节的) word by deleting one or more syllables, suchas “prof” for “professor”, “copter” for “helicopter”, etc. A number of suchabbreviations have been accepted in general usage. Now work in pairs and turn the clipped words into their original forms. Consult a dictionary if necessary.

▆Answers:

Clipped word	Original form	Clipped word	Original form
fax	facsimile	fridge	refrigerator
auto	automobile	memo	memorandum
burger	hamburger	poli-sci	political science
demo	demonstration	sub	substitute; submarine
flu	influenza	zoo	zoological garden

3 Fill in theblanks in Column B with an adjective in this unit. The target adjective must beopposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocationwith the noun in Column C.

▆  Answers:

Column A	Column B	Column C
1)  falling	rising	tide
2)  tragic	comic	opera
3)  disorderly	orderly	mind
4)  momentary	lasting	peace
5)  developing	developed	countries
6)  guilty	innocent	person
7)  particular	universal	rule
8)  general	specific	purpose
9)  limited	endless	patience
10)  concrete	abstract	concept

Grammar in Context2

The following sentences seemto be grammatically correct, but they are in effect faulty. Discuss in pairswhy they are not acceptable and then improve them.

▇ Answersfor reference:

1)Reason: Wordiness

Improved: Before going to the supermarket, we made alist of the groceries we needed toprepare dinner.

2) Reason:Wordiness

Improved: Alot of research has been done to determine its causes.

3)Reason: Wordiness

Improve: Professor Smith knows a great deal about American history.

4)Reason: Danglingmodifier

Improved: To finish the work on time, they have taken some new and effectivemeasures.

5)Reason: Danglingmodifier

Improved: AfterI graduated from college, my father wanted me to pursue myeducation in theUnited  States.

6) Reason:Danglingmodifier

Improved: Having been bitten by a mad dog, the boy was cured by the doctor with a newkind of medicine.

7) Reason:Split infinitive

Improved: Sara hopes tofinish her chemistry homework quicklysothat she can return to the more interesting novel she has been reading.

8)Reason: Random shift of the verb tense

Improved: Professor Smith has worked in the universityfor over twenty years and (has)published many books.

9)Reason: Not parallel

Improved: He told us to look at the picture and to tell him what we found.

10)Reason: Not parallel

Improved: She was a woman of mean understanding,little information, and uncertaintemper.

11)Reason: Dangling modifier

Improved: To get ready for the trip, I put all thethings I needed into a suitcase the previous night.

12)Reason: Not parallel

Improved: Dictionaries can be used for these purposes:to find word meanings, pronunciations, correct spellings, and irregular verbs.

Cloze3

▇Complete the following passage with wordschosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.

▇Answers:

(1) manifestation

(2) lies

(3) promoting

(4) minds

(5) recognize

(6) benefit

(7) economic

(8) denied

(9) excluded

(10) prosperity

(11) imperative

(12) assistance

(13) fostering

(14) triumph

(15) separate

Translation4

1 Translatethe following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in brackets.

■Answers for Reference:

1) Thosepeople yearn for the days in the past because they don’t think they can benefitfrom the current policies.

2)Terrorists will make no distinction between races, nations or regions when theycarry out acts of terror.

3) The invention of paper was one of the great contributions Ancient China made to human civilization, and we should take pride in it.

4) The teacher suggested thatthe students analyze these problems in a different light so as to find asolution as soon as possible.

5) Inrecent years, some developed countries have been robbing developingcountries of their natural resources in the name of globalization.

6) LegalEnglish is a special register of English. Its distinctive features distinguishit from literary language and other practical styles.

7) Thecompany cashed in on its rival’s difficulties by doubling its investment inthis area.

8) Whenhe wrote The Declaration of Independence,Thomas Jefferson was firm in the belief that all men were created equal.

9) He hasserved the public whole-heartedly for many years, regardless of his personalgain or loss.

10)Experts have long been concerned about the implications of population growthfor economic development of the world.

2 Translate the following passage intoEnglish.

■Answers for Reference:

It is commonly understood thatglobalization has been driven by liberalization policies and technologicaladvances. Its role is to increase the flow of goods, service, capital,technology, information, ideas and labour at the global level. In fact,globalization is a double-edged sword. It has both advantages anddisadvantages. Some people really benefit from globalization while otherssimply see it as one more manifestation of the inequity of the world. Toaddress the division between these two groups of people, Annan suggested a solution,i.e., to pursue an inclusive globalization. He believed that dialogue cantriumph over discord, and that opening markets and promoting cooperation canensure that globalization benefits the whole of humanity economically,politically and socially.

Theme-Related Writing5

▇Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic“My View on Globalization”. Your writing should cover the following points:

1) the advantages of globalization

2) the disadvantages of globalization

3) your view on globalization

▇Sampleessay:

My View onGlobalization

Globalization has brought us immensebenefits. It helps realize our dream of a prosperous world. It boosts the worldeconomy by opening global markets, smoothing the flow of capital andcommodities, and increasing productivity and employment opportunities. Inaddition, the concerted efforts globalization motivates in areas like fightingagainst terrorism, environmental protection, health, and education have alsocontributed to the wellbeing of humanity.

However, there are always voices against globalization. Some people accuse multinational corporations of providingunfair and unsafe working conditions, using cheap labour, exploiting naturalresources and causing ecological damage. They also criticise globalization fornot only modernizing but also westernizing native cultures. They also arguethat globalization leads to the spread of epidemics and diseases.

In short, globalization is a double-edgedsword and we must handle it with care. We must set up rules and regulations aswell as sound supervising systems. If it is well handled, globalization willsurely serve humanity.

                             (155 words)

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