瑜伽 Yújiā Yoga
Courtsey : He Xiao Fang
This article issponsored by Weyoga, Beijing - practicing Yoga in China since 15 years
本文由北京Weyoga赞助 - 15年来在中国练习瑜伽
Běnwén yóu běijīngWeyoga zànzhù - 15 niánlái zài zhōngguóliànxí yújiā
瑜伽是世界珍贵的礼物。这是练习体育锻炼和哲学的总称。瑜伽是6种传统的印度教哲学之一。其他5个哲学是：
Yújiā shì shìjiè zhēnguì de lǐwù. Zhè shì liànxí tǐyù duànliàn hé zhéxuéde zǒngchēng. Yújiā shì 6 zhǒng chuántǒng de yìndùjiào zhéxué zhī yī. Qítā 5 gèzhéxué shì:
Yoga is precious gift to the world. It’s an umbrella term for practicing physical exercise and philosophy. Yoga is one of the 6 traditional Hindu Philosophy. Other 5 are philosophies are :
Sankhya或Samkhya，Nyaya，Vaisheshika或Vaiśeṣika“Mimamsa和Vedanta。
Sankhya huò Samkhya,Nyaya,Vaisheshika huò Vaiśeṣika“Mimamsa hé Vedanta.
Sankhya or Samkhya, Nyaya, Vaisheshika or Vaiśeṣika” Mimamsa and Vedanta.
瑜伽不仅仅是一种体育锻炼，也是一种控制身心的练习。有几种形式的瑜伽，每种都有独特的价值。瑜伽的终极目标是“莫克沙”（解放）。这是实现目标的有纪律的方法。
Yújiā bùjǐn jǐn shì yī zhǒng tǐyù duànliàn, yěshì yī zhǒng kòngzhì shēnxīn de liànxí. Yǒu jǐ zhǒng xíngshì de yújiā, měi zhǒng dōu yǒu dútè de jiàzhí. Yújiā de zhōngjí mùbiāo shì “mò kè shā”(jiěfàng). Zhè shì shíxiàn mùbiāo dì yǒu jìlǜ de fāngfǎ.
Yoga is not just a physical exercise but also a practice to keep control over mind and body. There are several forms of Yoga and each one has unique value. The ultimate aim of yoga is “Moksha” (liberation). It’s an disciplined method of attaining goals.
瑜伽采用多种方法练习，包括Jnana瑜伽（知识之路），Bhakti瑜伽（灵性之路），Karma瑜伽（行动之路/工作/行动），Laya瑜伽（也称为Kundalini瑜伽受到影响） tantras并被认为是最危险的瑜伽形式）和哈他瑜伽（意味着与体育锻炼相关的力量）。
Yújiā cǎiyòng duō zhǒng fāngfǎ liànxí, bāokuò Jnana yújiā (zhīshì zhī lù),Bhakti yújiā (língxìng zhī lù),Karma yújiā (xíngdòng zhī lù/gōngzuò/xíngdòng),Laya yújiā (yě chēng wèi Kundalini yújiā shòudào yǐngxiǎng) tantras bìng bèi rènwéi shì zuì wéixiǎn de yújiā xíngshì) hé hātā yújiā (yìwèizhe yǔ tǐyù duànliàn xiāngguān de lìliàng).
Yoga is practised with a variety of methods, which includes Jnana Yoga (path of knowledge), Bhakti Yoga (path of spirituality), Karma Yoga (path of deeds/work/action), Laya Yoga (also known as Kundalini yoga is influenced by tantras and is identified as most dangerous form of Yoga) and Hatha Yoga (means force thus associated with physical exercise).
自20世纪以来，Patanjali经典被认为是古典瑜伽的基础。在此之前，Bhagwad Gita和Yoga Vasistha被认为是核心，在此期间，密宗瑜伽和哈他瑜伽战胜了阿斯汤加瑜伽。
Zì 20 shìjì yǐlái,Patanjali jīngdiǎn bèi rènwéi shì gǔdiǎn yújiā de jīchǔ. Zài cǐ zhīqián,Bhagwad Gita hé Yoga Vasistha bèi rènwéi shì héxīn, zài cǐ qíjiān, mìzōng yújiā hé hātá yújiā zhànshèngle Ā sī tāngjiā yújiā.
Since 20th century Patanjali sutras have been considered as foundation for classical yoga. Prior to that Bhagwad Gita and Yoga Vasistha were considered as core during which time Tantric Yoga and Hatha Yoga prevailed over Ashtanga Yoga.
阿斯汤加瑜伽
Ā sī tāngjiā yújiā
Ashtanga Yoga
Patanjali Sutras中描述的瑜伽是参考阿斯汤加瑜伽。帕坦加利的瑜伽经典被认为是瑜伽的基础，通常是“拉贾瑜伽”或“瑜伽之王”的最终目标是三昧。 阿斯汤加瑜伽一词由着名哲学家Vivekanand推广。 阿斯汤加瑜伽融合了身体、心灵和精神的认识论，形而上学，道德实践，系统练习和自我发展技巧。
Patanjali Sutras zhōng miáoshù de yújiā shì cānkǎo Ā sī tāngjiā yújiā. Pà tǎn jiā lì de yújiā jīngdiǎn bèi rènwéi shì yújiā de jīchǔ, tōngcháng shì “lā jiǎ yújiā” huò “yújiā zhī wáng” de zuìzhōng mùbiāo shì sānmèi. Ashtanga yújiā yī cí yóuzhe míng zhéxué jiā Vivekanand tuīguǎng. Ā sī tāngjiā yújiā rónghéle shēntǐ, xīnlíng hé jīngshén de rènshìlùn, xíng'érshàngxué, dàodé shíjiàn, xìtǒng liànxí hé zìwǒ fāzhǎn jìqiǎo.
Yoga described in Patanjali Sutras is with reference to Ashtanga Yoga. Yoga Sutras of Patanjali is considered as foundation of Yoga and is often “Raja Yoga” or ”King of Yoga” the ultimate aim being Samadhi. The term Ashtanga Yoga was popularised by well-known philosopher Vivekanand. Ashtangayoga incorporates epistemology, metaphysics, ethical practices, systematic exercises and self-development techniques for body, mind and spirit.
哈他瑜伽
Hātā yújiā
Hatha Yoga
哈他瑜伽，也称为hathavidyā，是一种专注于身心力量建设练习和姿势的瑜伽，主要在三个文本中描述：
Hata yújiā, yě chēng wéi hathavidyā, shì yī zhǒng zhuānzhù yú shēnxīn lìliàng jiànshè liànxí hé zīshì de yújiā, zhǔyào zài sān gè wénběn zhōng miáoshù:
Hatha yoga, also called hatha vidyā, is a kind of yoga focusing on physical and mental strength building exercises and postures described primarily in three texts:
1. Hatha Yoga Pradipika, Written by Svatmarama
2. Shiva Samhita, written by unknown author
3. Gheranda Samhita written by Gheranda
已经写了很多书，将来也会写很多书。瑜伽练习一直在不断发展，并且随着时间的变化不断发展，因为它具有无数的优点和灵活性。
Yǐjīng xiěle hěnduō shū, jiānglái yě huì xiě hěnduō shū. Yújiā liànxí yīzhí zài bùduàn fāzhǎn, bìngqiě suízhe shíjiān de biànhuà bùduàn fāzhǎn, yīnwèi tā jùyǒu wú shǔ de yōudiǎn hé línghuó xìng.
Many books have been written and many will be written in future too. Practice of Yoga has been continuously evolving and will keep on evolving with the changing time due to it’s innumerable benefits and flexibility.
瑜伽有很多好处，其中一些物理好处如下：
Yújiā yǒu hěnduō hǎochù, qízhōng yīxiē wùlǐ hǎochù rúxià:
There are numerous benefits fromYoga and some of the physical benefits are as follows :
防止受伤
Increased flexibility
Increased muscle strength and tone
Improved respiration, energy and vitality
Maintaining a balanced metabolism
Weight reduction
Cardio and circulatory health
Improved athletic performance
Protection from injury
瑜伽众所周知的心理益处是压力管理。冥想和呼吸可以帮助改善一个人的心理健康。这两种做法都是瑜伽的一部分。
Yújiā zhòngsuǒzhōuzhī de xīnlǐ yìchu shì yālì guǎnlǐ. Míngxiǎng hé hūxī kěyǐ bāngzhù gǎishàn yīgè rén de xīnlǐ jiànkāng. Zhè liǎng zhǒng zuòfǎ dōu shì yújiā de yībùfèn.
Well known mental benefit of Yoga is stress management. Meditation and breathing can help improve a person’s mental well-being. Both these practices are part of Yoga.
以下是一些在中国练习并渴望在中国练习的瑜伽士们。想联系他们可以联系管理员ID“nri-in-china”
Yǐxià shì yīxiē zài zhōngguó liànxí bìng kěwàng zài zhōngguó liànxí de yújiā shì men.xiǎng lián xì tā men kě yǐ lián xì guǎn lǐ yuán ID“nri-in-china”
Following are some of the Yogis practicing in China and aspiring to practice in China. They can be contacted by contacting admin id “nri-in-china”