抗血管增生：截断肿瘤的供给线
编译者前言：老玉米衣食无忧，退休金也准备好了，开这个公众号纯粹是吃饱了撑的。
这篇文章前两天就编译好了，没有马上发是因为怕读者给累着啦，刚才有读者要求偶发，偶就随顺啦。
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本视频由 Michael Greger 医生于2013年7月12日制作，来自NutritionFacts.org。
摘要：癌细胞普遍存在于身体里，但没有连接上血液供给则不会长成为肿瘤。蔬食中的血管增生抑制剂可以帮助预防肿瘤发生。
https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=r1336dcq137&width=500&height=375&auto=0
也许大约三分之一的常见癌症 “可以经由吃健康蔬食；经常运动；和维持健康的体重来预防。” 蔬食可以帮助我们的其中一种方式就是截断通向癌肿的供给线。
Probably about a third of common cancers “can be prevented by eating a healthy, plant-based diet; being physically active; and maintaining a healthy weight.” One of the ways plants may help is by cutting off the supply lines to cancerous tumors.
没有血液供给肿瘤无法生长。
A tumor cannot grow without a blood supply.
目前，相信的是肿瘤在没有适当血液供给的情况下体积大于圆珠笔尖是无法存在的，这表明血管增生对于癌肿的生长是至关重要的（ angiogenesis 血管增生中的angio 的意思是指血管，genesis, 指创造者）。
Currently, it’s believed that a tumor mass cannot exist in a volume greater than about size of the ball at the tip of a ballpoint pen without a proper blood supply, which indicates that angiogenesis — angio means vessel, so the genesis, the creation, of new blood vessels is critical to tumor growth.
我们现在每个人身上都有癌细胞。比如，到70岁时，我们每个人的甲状腺都能检测出微小的癌肿。
Each one of us has cancer cells in us right now. By age 70, microscopic cancers are detected in the thyroid glands of virtually everyone, for example.
“大部分这样的肿瘤”从不会引起麻烦，“永远不会有临床意义，以致于有这样的概念‘无症状与癌共存’是年老时的正常状态。”
“Most of these tumors” never cause problems, “never become clinically significant, leading to the concept of ‘cancer without disease’ as a normal state during aging.”
癌细胞是普遍存在于身体里的，但在需要连接到血液供给之前，它们不会长成比那个小点还大的肿瘤—不会超过1000万的癌细胞。
Cancer cells are commonly present in the body, but they can’t grow into tumors any bigger than that tiny dot size — no more than ten million cancer cells — before needing to get hooked up to a blood supply.
所以，肿瘤会穷凶极恶地释放血管生成因子，这些化学物质会引起新血管发芽长进肿瘤内部。最重要的一种叫做VEGF，血管内皮生成因子。
So, tumors diabolically release angiogenic factors, chemicals that cause new blood vessels to sprout into the tumor. The most important one is called VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.
但我们可以用蔬菜抑制VEGF（血管内皮生成因子）。
But we can suppress VEGF with veggies.
很多我们知道和喜欢的食物中，例如茶、香料、水果、浆果、西兰花和豆类中都含有这些植物营养素，这些植物营养素可以阻止癌肿刺激身体生成新的血管。
Many of the phytonutrients we know and love in tea, and spices, and fruit, and berries, and broccoli, and beans, can block cancer’s stimulation of new blood vessels.
“由于这些食物的可靠性、容易获得、安全又便宜，它们是预防性的长期用来对抗乳腺癌的理想食物。饮食中的这些物质用来抑制血管增生，对于预防和治疗各种乳腺癌是非常重要的一步”，实际上对所有种类的肿瘤都有效。
They’re “ideal for prophylactic long-term use against breast cancer because of their reliability, availability, safety, and affordable price. Dietary agents used to suppress angiogenesis [may] be an important step in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer[s],” and in fact all types of tumors.
评审得出结论是我们现在有“饮食中的植物成份拥有独特的能力来影响肿瘤血管增生的令人信服的证据，这被认为有利于预防和治疗人类乳腺癌。”
The review concludes that we now have “convincing evidence that dietary [plant constituents] possess the unique ability to affect tumor angiogenesis, which may be deemed advantageous in the prevention and treatment of human breast cancer.”
虽然大部分这类研究还只是在培养皿里完成的。如果刺激人的血管细胞，它们就会开始形成管状结构来试图制造新的毛细血管以滋养肿瘤。
Most of these studies have only been done in a petri dish, though. You stimulate human blood vessel cells, and they start forming these tubular structures trying to make new capillaries to feed the tumor.
但如果加上植物黄酮，例如 apigen 或木犀草素，在植物王国里普遍发现的 — 例如柑橘类，芹菜，和甜椒 — 你可以看到它们会阻止血管生成。
But, if you add plant flavones like apigen or luteolin, found throughout the plant kingdom — like in citrus, celery, and peppers — you can see they help block the tube formation.
这是非瑟酮的效果，一种在草莓里发现的植物营养素，也存在于其它水果和蔬菜里。它使刚刚开始生长的新血管萎缩了。
Here’s the effect of fisetin, a phytonutrient found in strawberries, and other fruits and veggies. It just shrinks the beginnings of new blood vessel formation right on down.
研究人员从哪里弄来的人类血管呢？人类脐带血管上皮细胞。他们从丢弃的脐带里，或者更有争议地，从堕胎的胎儿眼睛里取得。
Where do researchers get their hands on human blood vessels from? Human umbilical vein endothelial cells. They get them from discarded umbilical cords, or, more controversially, from the eyes of aborted fetuses.
但，不管哪种，你都可以用肿瘤中的VEGF成份刺激血管生成，然后用植物成份摧毁它—这种情况是用的紫米。
But, either way, you can stimulate blood vessel formation with the tumor compound VEGF, and then abolish that effect with plant compounds — in this case, from purple rice.
“因此，每天吃含有足够黄酮类的天然食物对预防癌症转移或预防癌症生成有益处。”
“Therefore, the daily consumption of natural foods containing adequate flavonoids could be beneficial for the prevention of cancer metastasis or could improve cancer prognosis.”
植物的这种天赋能力，有人推测抗癌症血管增生的基本方法可能就是吃全食物纯素饮食。
Given the power of plants, one might speculate that the foundation of an anti-angiogenic approach to cancer might be a whole-food vegan diet.
关于译者：老玉米是美国康奈尔大学坎贝尔营养研究中心《蔬食营养》证书持有者。老玉米的先生是美国内科医生（MD），也是位“蔬食医生”（Plantrician）。
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