JIA 2020-02期 发布
欢迎使用JIA编辑部润色服务
↑ 点击图片查看详情
点击文章题目将跳转到SD平台阅读
全文 Open Access !
Review
Principles and practices of the photo-thermal adaptability improvement in soybean✺ ZHANG Li-xin, LIU Wei, Mesfin Tsegaw, XU Xin, QI Yan-ping, Enoch Sapey, LIU Lu-ping, WU Ting-ting, SUN Shi, HAN Tian-fu大豆是典型的短日喜温作物,对光温条件极其敏感。这种光温敏感特性不仅严重限制了大豆单一品种的种植范围,还会影响诸如产量、株形和种子质量等农艺性状的表现。因此,了解大豆的光温敏感机制将为其光温适应性改良提供理论依据。该综述介绍了大豆光周期反应在生理、遗传和分子等方面的研究进展以及大豆光温适应性改良的进程。总结了中国三大大豆产区的光热条件,以及适应不同主产区的大豆品种特性和特征。提出了“生态分型”的新概念及广适应大豆品种的育种策略。该综述对大豆的适应性改良具有一定指导意义。↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
ZHANG Li-xin, LIU Wei, Mesfin Tsegaw, XU Xin, QI Yan-ping, Enoch Sapey, LIU Lu-ping, WU Ting-ting, SUN Shi, HAN Tian-fu. 2020. Principles and practices of the photo-thermal adaptability improvement in soybean. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 295-310. |
Special focus: Potato insect pest management
专题:马铃薯害虫治理
Editorial— Potato insect pest management✺ GAO Yu-lin, ZHOU Wen-wu马铃薯是世界第四大作物,对稳定世界粮食安全具有重要的作用。我国是马铃薯生产第一大国,自2015年农业农村部启动马铃薯主粮化战略后,马铃薯种植面积不断扩大,马铃薯产业也在蓬勃发展。近年来,随着全球气候变化的加剧,耕作制度的变革,以及国际贸易的深入发展,马铃薯的害虫在世界范围内呈现出发生频率不断加快、发生面积迅速扩大、发生类型逐渐增多的态势。如何对马铃薯害虫进行有效防控在国内外引起越来越多的关注,马铃薯的虫害问题也成为世界马铃薯产业面临的一大难题。在此背景下,我们组织了“马铃薯害虫治理”国际专题,召集一批国际马铃薯害虫研究和防治相关领域的学者,在马铃薯害虫的沿革、现状、治理进展与未来研究方向等方面提出见解,为世界马铃薯产业的发展提出系列应对思路和保障措施。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
GAO Yu-lin, ZHOU Wen-wu. 2020. Editorial - Potato insect pest management. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 311-315. |
Section 1 Decoding potato insect pests
Decoding Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in the new age of change✺ Silvia I. RONDON
Arthropods and pathogens constantly challenge potato Solanum tuberosum L. production. Scenarios of climate variation have increased the possibility of changes in pests’ biological and ecological patterns by increasing or reducing overwintering length, changes in population growth rates, number of generations, crop-pest relationship, and therefore affecting their expansion. Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the main pests affecting potatoes worldwide. Adults oviposit single or multiple eggs in leaves, stems, and tubers, while the larvae in immature stage mine leaves or burrows into tubers turning them unmarketable. Traditional control methods are effective in controlling P. operculella, but many factors determine the success of the control chosen. This review provides key highlights of current information available that could be used as a resource to fight this pest.
↑ 向上滑动查看更多Cite this article: |
Silvia I. RONDON. 2020. Decoding Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in the new age of change. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 316-324. |
Behavioral responses of potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) to tobacco plant volatiles
✺ LI Xiang, ZHANG Xiu-ge, XIAO Chun, GAO Yu-lin, DONG Wen-xia 马铃薯块茎蛾Phthorimaea operculella又名烟潜夜蛾,是危害烟草种植的重要害虫之一。目前还没有关于烟草挥发物调控马铃薯块茎蛾行为的报道。为了探明烟草植株挥发物对马铃薯块茎蛾定向和产卵行为的影响,并筛选出具有防治潜力的化合物,本研究利用顶空吸附法收集了烟草植株挥发物,并利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发物组分进行了鉴定。通过气相色谱-触角电位仪联用技术从挥发物中共筛选出13种能够引起马铃薯块茎蛾触角电位反应的组分,并比较了两性成虫对其中9种可购买到的化合物的触角电位反应差异。定向行为实验表明,顺-3-己烯-1-醇对两性成虫均表现出显著的引诱效果;壬醛和癸醛仅对雌蛾表现出引诱作用,辛醛仅对雄蛾则表现出驱避作用。产卵选择实验表明,壬醛、癸醛、癸烷、十六烷酸甲酯对雌蛾产卵具有显著的引诱作用,而辛醛和2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚则会抑制雌蛾产卵。本研究初步筛选出了对马铃薯块茎蛾具有行为调控作用的化合物,以期为今后开发引诱剂或驱避剂提供理论依据。↑ 向上滑动查看更多Cite this article: |
LI Xiang, ZHANG Xiu-ge, XIAO Chun, GAO Yu-lin, DONG Wen-xia. 2020. Behavioral responses of potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) to tobacco plant volatiles. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 325-332. |
✺ Jessica VEREIJSSEN The psyllid Bactericera cockerelli was first reported in New Zealand in 2006 and spread quickly throughout all potato growing regions. In 2009, B. cockerelli was associated with the plant pathogenic bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum, the putative causal agent of zebra chip disease in potato. Both the psyllid and the bacterium have non-crop host plants which can serve as reservoirs when the crop is not available. Growers apply different management strategies that fit integrated pest management programmes to manage B. cockerelli and subsequently lower incidence of zebra chip disease in potato crops. Despite best management efforts, complete control of B. cockerelli and zero incidence of zebra chip disease are not achievable at the current time.↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
Jessica VEREIJSSEN. 2020. Ecology and management of Bactericera cockerelli and Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum in New Zealand. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 333-337. |
Section 2 Invasive insect pests of potato: global perspectives
Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc), a potential threat to China's potato industry
✺ Oluwashola OLANIYAN, Neus RODRÍGUEZ-GASOL, Nathalie CAYLA, Eleonor MICHAUD, Steve D. WRATTEN
The potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) has recently emerged as a serious pest of potatoes and other solanaceous crops. It causes direct feeding damage and also vectors Candidatus Liberibacter solanaceaerum (Lso), a pathogen that causes zebra chip disease in potatoes and which potentially costs growers millions of dollars each year. Such producers rely on frequent sprays of pesticides for psyllid control but the results are unsatisfactory and there are negative side effects. The psyllid has spread beyond its native range in southwest US and northern Mexico to Canada, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala and Nicaragua via medium to long range dispersal flights perhaps aided by wind currents, and through anthropogenic means. It was accidentally introduced into New Zealand in 2006 and most recently Australia, most likely through the importation of infested plant material. This review summarizes information from studies on the biology, impact and management of B. cockerelli, and highlights the imminent risk of this insect and its associated pathogen invading China, the world’s largest producer of fresh potatoes. Development of risk maps leading to increased surveillance, could prevent or delay an incursion and facilitate early detection or eradication should this occur. Long-term management with Lso-tolerant potato cultivars and psyllid control using the parasitic wasp Tamarixia triozae and other natural enemies should be pursued, rather than depending on synthetic pesticides.
↑ 向上滑动查看更多Cite this article: |
Oluwashola OLANIYAN, Neus RODRíGUEZ-GASOL, Nathalie CAYLA, Eleonor MICHAUD, Steve D. WRATTEN. 2020. Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc), a potential threat to China’s potato industry. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 338-349. |
Genetic structure of the invasive Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata populations in China入侵中国的马铃薯甲虫种群遗传结构✺ YANG Fang-yuan, GUO Jian-jun, LIU Ning, ZHANG Run-zhi马铃薯甲虫是世界范围内是世界范围内臭名昭著的入侵物种。它于1993年首次在中国新疆发现,并于2013年传播到中国东北地区。为更好地了解该虫在中国范围内的遗传结构和扩散路径,我们使用9个多态的微卫星位点,研究了新疆和东北地区的9个马铃薯甲虫种群的遗传多样性,遗传结构和基因流。结果表明:(1)系统发育树、主坐标分析(PCoA)和贝叶斯聚类均揭示了两个明显的遗传簇。第一簇包含新疆的阿勒泰、塔城、乌苏和木垒的种群。第二簇包含新疆的霍城和新源以及东北的宝清、牡丹江、春化的种群。两个遗传簇间存在明显遗传分化(FST=0.25)。(2)东北地区的种群间具有较高的遗传分化,表明它们可能具有多个来源。(3)东北宝清种群和伊犁河谷种群具有中等水平的遗传差异,这比宝清到牡丹江或春化种群的分化更接近,表明宝清种群有可能来自伊犁河谷。(4)在所有种群中,木垒种群具有来自塔城,乌苏和阿勒泰明显的基因流,表明内陆地区的种群最有可能来自塔城。基因迁移在其他种群间相对保守。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
YANG Fang-yuan, GUO Jian-jun, LIU Ning, ZHANG Run-zhi. 2020. Genetic structure of the invasive Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata populations in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 350-359. |
Management of Colorado potato beetle in invasive frontier areas✺ WANG Cong, XU Han, PAN Xu-bin
马铃薯甲虫是最具破坏性的入侵昆虫之一,起源于北美。它取食茄属等野生植物,如银叶茄和刺萼龙葵等,是马铃薯和茄子的主要害虫之一。从19世纪初开始,马铃薯甲虫自北美迅速扩散到欧洲和中亚。该虫于1993年首次入侵中国新疆,最终在木垒县得到有效控制。2013年以来,中国东北的吉林省和黑龙江省也发现了马铃薯甲虫,极有可能从俄罗斯传入。因此,中国东北已成为当前全球马铃薯甲虫入侵的前沿区,迫切需要对该害虫进行风险管理和监测预警。本文总结了马铃薯甲虫入侵前沿区的有害生物管理方法,并提出了进一步防止传播的建议。这种的管理方法也可以作为入侵前沿区控制外来物种的一个范例。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
WANG Cong, XU Han, PAN Xu-bin. 2020. Management of Colorado potato beetle in invasive frontier areas. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 360-366. |
Section 3 The interaction between potato aphids and virus
Aphids and their transmitted potato viruses: A continuous challenges in potato crops
✺ XU Yi, Stewart M. GRAY蚜虫是温带地区栽培植物上最具破坏性的害虫之一。他们的刺吸式口器能够直接取食植物的韧皮部,从而直接损害农作物并消耗植物养分。马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)是全球最重要的食物来源之一,在自然界中有多种蚜虫,例如Myzus persicae (Sulzer)(桃蚜)和Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas)(马铃薯蚜虫)能够在马铃薯上定居并传播多种具有严重破坏力的植物病毒。蚜虫传播的马铃薯病毒病害已经在世界范围内造成了非常严重的危害,引起各种各样的叶部和块茎症状,导致严重的减产和块茎品质下降。在这篇评论中,作者详细介绍了取食马铃薯常见的两种蚜虫的生活习性及在马铃薯上流行爆发的病毒病害;并对马铃薯病毒,寄主及其传播介体之间相互作用,以及环境因素在三者关联中发挥的作用也做了详细阐述。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
XU Yi, Stewart M. GRAY. 2020. Aphids and their transmitted potato viruses: A continuous challenges in potato crops. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 367-375. |
Simulation modelling of potato virus Y spread in relation to initial inoculum and vector activity✺ Andrew GALIMBERTI, Andrei ALYOKHIN, Hongchun QU, Jason ROSE Potato virus Y (PVY) is a non-persistent virus that is transmitted by many aphid species and causes significant damage to potato production. We constructed a spatially-explicit model simulating PVY spread in a potato field and used it to investigate possible effects of transmission efficiency, initial inoculum levels, vector behavior, vector abundance, and timing of peak vector activity on PVY incidence at the end of a simulated growing season. Lower PVY incidence in planted seed resulted in lower virus infection at the end of the season. However, when populations of efficient PVY vectors were high, significant PVY spread occurred even when initial virus inoculum was low. Non-colonizing aphids were more important for PVY spread compared to colonizing aphids, particularly at high densities. An early-season peak in the numbers of non-colonizing aphids resulted in the highest number of infected plants in the end of the season, while mid- and late-season peaks caused relatively little virus spread. Our results highlight the importance of integrating different techniques to prevent the number of PVY-infected plants from exceeding economically acceptable levels instead of trying to control aphids within potato fields. Such management plans should be implemented very early in a growing season.↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
Andrew GALIMBERTI, Andrei ALYOKHIN, Hongchun QU, Jason ROSE. 2020. Simulation modelling of potato virus Y spread in relation to initial inoculum and vector activity. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 376-388. |
Section 4 Integrative management strategies for potato insect pests
Potential of Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) as a biological control agent against potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)✺ YAN Jun-jie, Shovon Chandra SARKAR, MENG Rui-xia, Stuart REITZ, GAO Yu-lin马铃薯块茎蛾是马铃薯、烟草等茄科作物重要害虫, 生物防治是马铃薯块茎蛾绿色防控有效手段。本文室内测定了小卷蛾斯氏线虫Steinernema carpocapsae防治马铃薯块茎蛾Phthorimaea operculella的作用效果,用不同浓度的小卷蛾斯氏线虫处理马铃薯块茎蛾2、3、4龄幼虫,研究表明, 小卷蛾斯氏线虫对马铃薯块茎蛾2、3、4龄幼虫的致死中浓度为别为200, 363, 181 IJs mL–1;随着处理时间的延长,马铃薯块茎蛾的2、3、4龄幼虫和蛹的累积死亡率增大;马铃薯块茎蛾4龄幼虫对线虫最敏感。因此,小卷蛾斯氏线虫是马铃薯块茎蛾潜在有效的生物防治制剂。↑ 向上滑动查看更多Cite this article: |
YAN Jun-jie, Shovon Chandra SARKAR, MENG Rui-xia, Stuart REITZ, GAO Yu-lin. 2020. Potential of Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) as a biological control agent against potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 389-393. |
Potato/Maize intercropping reduces infestation of potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) by the enhancement of natural enemies ✺ ZHENG Ya-qiang, ZHANG Li-min, CHEN Bin, YAN Nai-sheng, GUI Fu-rong, ZAN Qing-an, DU Guang-zu, HE Shu-qi, LI Zheng-yue, GAO Yu-lin, XIAO Guan-li 马铃薯块茎蛾是世界范围内危害马铃薯的一种重要害虫,在田间和贮藏期都能发生危害。为了弄清马铃薯与玉米间作种植对马铃薯块茎蛾发生危害的控制作用,本研究设置了马铃薯与玉米以2:2、2:3和2:4行比间作种植为处理 (简写为2P:2M,2P:3M和2P:4M),以马铃薯单作 (简写为2P:0M) 种植为对照的田间试验小区,系统调查了不同处理田马铃薯块茎蛾种群密度、天敌数量及寄生率。结果表明,马铃薯与玉米间作种植提高了马铃薯块茎蛾寄生蜂的种群数量及其寄生率,有效降低了马铃薯块茎蛾成虫和幼虫的种群密度,降低了马铃薯块茎蛾的危害。其中玉米马铃薯以2P:3M行比间作田寄生蜂的种群数量及其寄生率最高,且显著高于马铃薯单作田及玉米马铃薯2P:2M与2P:4M间作田。由此表明,在农田生态系统中,将害虫的寄主植物与非寄主植物间作种植,能有效提高天敌数量及其寄生率,增强天敌的控害作用,从而有效控制马铃薯块茎蛾的危害。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
ZHENG Ya-qiang, ZHANG Li-min, CHEN Bin, YAN Nai-sheng, GUI Fu-rong, ZAN Qing-an, DU Guang-zu, HE Shu-qi, LI Zheng-yue, GAO Yu-lin, XIAO Guan-li. 2020. Potato/Maize intercropping reduces infestation of potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) by the enhancement of natural enemies. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 394-405 |
Botanicals and plant strengtheners for potato and tomato cultivation in Africa ✺ Tewodros MULUGETA, Jean-Baptiste MUHINYUZA, Reinette GOUWS-MEYER, Lerato MATSAUNYANE, Erik ANDREASSON, Erik ALEXANDERSSONThis review provides a summary of botanicals and plant strengtheners that have potential uses for disease and pest management in potato and tomato cultivation in African. We discuss their possible use to prevent major diseases and pests which infest potato and tomato, such as early and late blight, bacterial wilt, potato tuber moth, and tomato leafminer. There are several examples of the successful uses of botanicals for pathogen and pest control relevant for different African climatic conditions; however, most of these studies have been conducted in vitro and often lack field verification. Plant strengtheners (substances that induce and improve crop resistance, yield, and quality) are little studied and used in Africa in comparison to North America and Europe. The possible benefits of using botanicals and plant strengtheners instead of conventional pesticides are discussed here in relation to human health and the environment as well as their modes of action and accessibility to farmers. Lack of knowledge of the composition and active ingredients of extracts, environmental concerns, uncertainties regarding stability and formulation, lack of legislation and limited support from governments, hamper the development of botanicals and plant strengtheners for use in sustainable African agriculture.↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
Tewodros MULUGETA, Jean-Baptiste MUHINYUZA, Reinette GOUWS-MEYER, Lerato MATSAUNYANE, Erik ANDREASSON, Erik ALEXANDERSSON. 2020. Botanicals and plant strengtheners for potato and tomato cultivation in Africa. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 406-427. |
RNA interference in Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata): A potential strategy for pest control✺ MA Mei-qi, HE Wan-wan, XU Shi-jing, XU Le-tian, ZHANG Jiang科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫 (CPB),是一种臭名昭著的破坏性害虫,主要以马铃薯和其他几种茄科植物的叶片为食。CPB能适应多种寄主和多变的气候,以及对杀虫剂和苏云金芽孢杆菌毒素有较高抗性,因而受到广泛关注。RNA干扰 (RNAi) 是由小RNA分子诱发的序列特异性内源基因沉默机制,可作为病毒和害虫防治的强有力的工具。利用RNAi防治CPB在选择靶基因和传递方式方面已经得到了广泛的试验。本文综合了RNAi抗CPB的靶基因的选择和可行的RNAi递送系统,以及分析了可能影响CPB中 RNAi效率的因素,希望能帮助了解RNAi在CPB中的作用机制及其在CPB防治方面的应用。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
MA Mei-qi, HE Wan-wan, XU Shi-jing, XU Le-tian, ZHANG Jiang. 2020. RNA interference in Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata): A potential strategy for pest control. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 428-437. |
Crop Science
Genetic progress in stem lodging resistance of the dominant wheat cultivars adapted to Yellow-Huai River Valleys Winter Wheat Zone in China since 1964✺ ZHANG Hong-jun, LI Teng, LIU Hong-wei, MAI Chun-yan, YU Guang-jun, LI Hui-li, YU Li-qiang, MENG Ling-zhi, JIAN Da-wei, YANG Li, LI Hong-jie, ZHOU Yang
分析倒伏相关性状遗传进度为进一步改善小麦品种抗倒伏性提供重要信息。本研究对1965-2015年以来黄淮冬麦区大面积推广小麦品种在河南新乡连续3年进行抗倒伏性研究。结果发现,株高、重心高度、第二节间长度和倒伏指数随着育种时期推进呈现下降趋势,年平均遗传进度为-0.50 cm或0.62%,-0.27 cm或0.60%,-0.06 cm或0.63%和-0.01或0.94%。相比之下,随着育种时期推进茎秆强度呈现上升趋势,年平均遗传进度为0.03 N或0.05%。相关分析发现,倒伏指数与株高、重心高度、第二节间长度呈显著正相关,而与茎秆强度呈显著负相关;同时,株高、重心高度和第一、二节间长度间呈显著正相关。除了第一节间长度和茎秆强度,矮秆基因对其他倒伏性状具有显著的影响。主成分分析表明,植株高度和茎秆强度是影响小麦倒伏的两个主要因子。基于这两个主成分因子,我们发现随着育种时期推进育种家已经将小麦抗倒伏育种从降低株高转移到提高茎秆强度上。本研究表明当黄淮冬麦区小麦品种株高降低到一定程度,进一步增强茎秆强度是提高抗倒伏性的关键。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
ZHANG Hong-jun, LI Teng, LIU Hong-wei, MAI Chun-yan, YU Guang-jun, LI Hui-li, YU Li-qiang, MENG Ling-zhi, JIAN Da-wei, YANG Li, LI Hong-jie, ZHOU Yang. 2020. Genetic progress in stem lodging resistance of the dominant wheat cultivars adapted to Yellow-Huai River Valleys Winter Wheat Zone in China since 1964. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 438-448. |
Genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of drought related genes in roots of two maize inbred lines with contrasting drought tolerance by RNA sequencing ✺ HAO Lu-yang, LIU Xu-yang, ZHANG Xiao-jing, SUN Bao-cheng, LIU Cheng, ZHANG Deng-feng, TANG Huai-jun, LI Chun-hui, LI Yong-xiang, SHI Yun-su, XIE Xiao-qing, SONG Yan-chun, WANG Tian-yu, LI Yu干旱是影响玉米生长发育和产量形成的主要胁迫因素之一。深入的研究干旱响应分子调控机制对玉米的耐旱性改良具有重要的意义。而根系是玉米感受胁迫信号和吸取水分的主要器官。本研究对两个耐旱差异玉米自交系H082183 (耐旱自交系) 和旅28 (干旱敏感自交系) 在大田环境进行不同的水分处理 (中度干旱、重度干旱和正常水分处理),并对营养生长时期的根系进行转录组测序分析。结果分别鉴定到1428和512个在中度干旱和重度干旱的旅28中响应干旱的基因,以及688和3363个在中度干旱和重度干旱的H082183中响应干旱的基因。这些干旱响应基因的功能富集在31个Gene Ontology (GO) 条目中,其中13个GO条目在H082183的根系中特异的显著富集。Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) 富集分析表明,两个材料的干旱响应基因均富集于"plant hormone signal transduction"和"starch and sucrose metabolism"通路中,而H082183中的干旱响应基因特异的富集于"phenylpropanoid biosynthesis"代谢通路。此外,与脱落酸 (related to abscisic acid, ABA) 信号途径、海藻糖 (trehalose) 生物合成、活性氧清除 (reactive oxygen scavenging) 相关的基因以及转录因子基因,在两个自交系间具有不同的调控模式,这些基因可能在玉米耐旱调控中具有重要的作用。本研究为玉米耐旱响应分子机制提供了理论基础和基因资源。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
HAO Lu-yang, LIU Xu-yang, ZHANG Xiao-jing, SUN Bao-cheng, LIU Cheng, ZHANG Deng-feng, TANG Huai-jun, LI Chun-hui, LI Yong-xiang, SHI Yun-su, XIE Xiao-qing, SONG Yan-chun, WANG Tian-yu, LI Yu. 2020. Genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of drought related genes in roots of two maize inbred lines with contrasting drought tolerance by RNA sequencing. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 449-464. |
Exogenous strigolactones promote lateral root growth by reducing the endogenous auxin level in rapeseed✺ MA Ni, WAN Lin, ZHAO Wei, LIU Hong-fang, LI Jun, ZHANG Chun-lei
独脚金内酯(SLs)是一种新型的植物激素,可调节植物不同器官尤其是根系的发育。冬前油菜幼苗的侧根发育对植株生长和籽粒产量有很大影响。本试验中,我们用不同浓度的GR24 (独脚金内酯合成类似物) 处理了中双11号 (ZS 11) (一种优良的常规油菜品种) 幼苗,结果发现低浓度 (0.18 μmol·L–1)的GR24可显著促进幼苗的侧根和茎叶生长,提高根冠比。RNA-seq分析显示GR24处理后12小时、1天、4天和7天分别有2301,4626,1595和783个差异基因在侧根组织中显著表达,这些基因在植物激素转导途径、色氨酸代谢途径和苯丙醇类生物合成途径通路中显著富集。此外,AP2/ERF、AUX/IAA、NAC、MYB和WRKY等转录因子在GR24处理1天后上调表达量最多。代谢组学分析进一步证明,吲哚-3-乙酸和顺式玉米素等各种代谢产物的数量发生了显著变化。尤其是GR24处理后12 h和1 d油菜幼苗内源IAA浓度分别显著下降52.4%和75.8%。我们的研究表明,低浓度的外源SLs可以与其他植物激素互作促进油菜侧根生长,研究结果为阐明SLs对作物根系结构和生产力的调控作用提供了有价值的信息。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
MA Ni, WAN Lin, ZHAO Wei, LIU Hong-fang, LI Jun, ZHANG Chun-lei. 2020. Exogenous strigolactones promote lateral root growth by reducing the endogenous auxin level in rapeseed. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 465-482. |
Higher leaf area through leaf width and lower leaf angle were the primary morphological traits for yield advantage of japonica/indica hybrids
以叶片宽度获得较大的叶面积以及较小的叶片角度是籼粳杂交稻产量优势形成的主要形态特征
✺ WEI Huan-he, YANG Yu-lin, SHAO Xing-yu, SHI Tian-yi, MENG Tian-yao, LU Yu, TAO Yuan, LI Xin-yue, DING En-hao, CHEN Ying-long, DAI Qi-geni籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 已在大面积生产应用上取得13.5 t ha-1高产实绩,已有的研究分析了籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 较常规粳稻 (JI) 和杂交籼稻 (IH) 产量优势形成的生理特征,但较少有研究从形态角度分析籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 较常规粳稻 (JI) 和杂交籼稻 (IH) 产量优势形成的原因。为此,本研究于2015-2016在浙江宁波以三个籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 品种、常规粳稻 (JC) 品种和杂交籼稻 (IH) 品种为试材,比较不同类型品种形态差异及其分析籼粳杂交稻(JIH)产量优势形成的形态特征。籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 较常规粳稻 (JC) 和杂交籼稻 (IH) 分别高14.3和20.8%,主要得益于其较多的每穗粒数和较高的结实率。与常规粳稻 (JI) 和杂交籼稻 (IH) 相比,籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 在穗上、中、下部枝粳的籽粒数均较多;其籽粒分布比例多集中在穗上部和中部枝粳,下部枝粳较少。与常规粳稻(JI) 和杂交籼稻 (IH) 相比,籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 的上三张叶片宽度和面积较大,叶片角度则较小;在抽穗和成熟期,籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 叶面积指数和单茎叶面积均高于常规粳稻 (JI) 和杂交籼稻 (IH)。籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 单茎茎鞘干重、单位长度茎鞘干重及成熟期茎鞘钾和硅元素含量均高于常规粳稻 (JI) 和杂交籼稻 (IH)。与常规粳稻 (JI) 和杂交籼稻 (IH) 相比,籼粳杂交稻(JIH)抽穗和成熟期植株叶片、茎鞘和穗部干物重以及花后群体干物质积累量均较高,其花后茎鞘干物质转运量则较低。上三叶叶片宽度与花后植株群体干物质积累量、单茎茎鞘干重和单位长度茎鞘干重呈线性正相关;上三叶叶片角度则与花后植株群体干物质积累量、单茎茎鞘干重和单位长度茎鞘干重呈线性负相关。本研究结果表明,籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 产量优势的形成主要得益于其较多的每穗粒数和较高的结实率。以叶片宽度获得较大的叶面积以及较挺立的叶片姿态利于籼粳杂交稻 (JIH) 花后植株群体干物质积累和茎鞘增重,是其产量优势形成的主要形态特征。↑ 向上滑动查看更多Cite this article: |
WEI Huan-he, YANG Yu-lin, SHAO Xing-yu, SHI Tian-yi, MENG Tian-yao, LU Yu, TAO Yuan, LI Xin-yue, DING En-hao, CHEN Ying-long, DAI Qi-gen. 2020. Higher leaf area through leaf width and lower leaf angle were the primary morphological traits for yield advantage of japonica/indica hybrids. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 483-494. |
Screening of drought resistance indices and evaluation of drought resistance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)✺ ZOU Jie, HU Wei, LI Yu-xia, HE Jia-qi, ZHU Hong-hai, ZHOU Zhi-guo采用5个不同浓度 (0、2.5%、5%、7.5%、10%) PEG6000模拟干旱胁迫,对我国广泛种植的16个棉花品种进行抗旱性研究及抗旱性鉴定指标筛选。对其根、茎、叶片含水量 (RWC、SWC、LWC),净光合速率 (Pn),最大光化学产量 (Fv/Fm),实际光化学产量 (ΦPSΠ),非光化学淬灭系数 (NPQ),叶水势(LWP),渗透势 (Ψs),叶片相对电导率 (REC),叶片脯氨酸含量 (Pro),叶片、根系可溶性蛋白含量 (LSPC、RSPC),叶片、根系丙二醛含量 (LMDA、RMDA),根系超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性 (RSOD、RPOD、RCAT) 共18个生理指标进行测定,结果表明通过主成分分析法将18个生理指标转换成5或6个彼此独立的综合指标,并采用逐步回归法筛选出9个典型的抗旱性指标 (Fv/Fm、SWC、LWP、Pro、LMDA、RSPC、RMDA、RSOD、RCAT) 可用于抗旱性评价,且将16个棉花品种分为干旱敏感、干旱弱敏感、中等抗旱和抗旱型4种类型。进一步通过盆栽试验验证筛选得出的具有干旱敏感性差异的两个品种 (抗旱品种德夏棉1号、干旱敏感品种豫早棉9110) 的抗旱能力,结果表明两个品种的最终棉花生物量、产量及产量构成对干旱的响应有显著差异。因此,通过水培试验筛选出的抗旱品种德夏棉1号和干旱敏感品种豫早棉9110,可作为研究不同干旱敏感性棉花品种对干旱胁迫响应差异机理的理想试验材料。↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
ZOU Jie, HU Wei, LI Yu-xia, HE Jia-qi, ZHU Hong-hai, ZHOU Zhi-guo. 2020. Screening of drought resistance indices and evaluation of drought resistance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 495-508. |
One-time fertilization at first flowering improves lint yield and dry matter partitioning in late planted short-season cotton✺ LUO Hong-hai, WANG Qiang, ZHANG Jie-kun, WANG Lei-shan, LI Ya-bing, YANG Guo-zheng棉花短季种植,通过晚播、高密、少肥且初花期一次施用,可以获得减少投入 (劳动力、养分) 而不降低产量的效果。然而,初花期一次施肥是否为最佳时间?是否可以略微提前,从而更利于田间管理?为此,在2年大田种植条件下,设置5个一次施肥时间,分别为见花后第0 d (FT1)、第5 d (FT2)、第10 d (FT3)、第15 d (FT4)和第20 d (FT5),并另设常规三次施肥为对照 (FT6),共6个处理,系统研究了棉花生育期、生物质累积及产量形成过程。结果表明,与FT6相比,一次施肥对棉花生育进程无显著影响,其中FT3-FT5处理的生育期仅缩短3 d。FT1处理棉花皮棉产量最高,达1396 kg·ha-1,与对照 (FT6) 无显著差异,但显著高于其他处理,其差异源于较高的单位面积总铃数和衣分。相关分析表明,棉花产量与盛花期以后生物质累积量显著正相关。在生物质快速积累期间,FT1处理具有最高的平均积累速率 (VT) (193.7kg·ha-1·d-1) 和最大积累速率(VM)(220.9 kg·ha-1·d-1)。因此,一次施肥时间由初花期提前至见花期更有利于棉花高效生产,且因不需要调查棉花开花株数从而更易掌握施肥时间。↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
LUO Hong-hai, WANG Qiang, ZHANG Jie-kun, WANG Lei-shan, LI Ya-bing, YANG Guo-zheng. 2020. One-time fertilization at first flowering improves lint yield and dry matter partitioning in late planted short-season cotton. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 509-517. |
Horticulture
Allelochemical p-hydroxybenzoic acid inhibits root growth via regulating ROS accumulation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)✺ HUANG Cheng-zhen, XU Lei, Sun Jin-jing, ZHANG Zhong-hua, FU Mei-lan, TENG Hui-ying, YI Ke-ke 植物分泌的次生代谢物 (化感物质) 所产生的化感作用在农业生态系统中普遍存在。供体植物所产生的化感物质会影响受体植物的根系生长和发育。化感作用是造成黄瓜连作障碍的原因。黄瓜根系分泌的对羟基苯甲酸是一种重要的化感物质。然而,对羟基苯甲酸影响黄瓜根系生长和发育的分子机制还不清楚。我们的研究发现对羟基苯甲酸会抑制黄瓜根系的分生区活力和细胞长度从而抑制根系生长。同时我们发现对羟基苯甲酸主要通过降低黄瓜根尖活性氧的积累来抑制根系生长。在对羟基苯甲酸处理后,与活性氧清除有关的基因表达水平上升,包括过氧化物酶,过氧化氢酶和金属硫蛋白。另外,外源施加过氧化物酶的抑制剂水杨羟肟酸能部分抑制对羟基苯甲酸对根系生长的抑制效应。同时我们也发现对羟基苯基酸对根系生长的抑制效应存在自然变异。在对羟基苯甲酸处理后,对对羟基苯甲酸不敏感的黄瓜品种根尖活性氧水平要高于敏感品种。这些结果表明对羟基苯甲酸通过减少根尖活性氧积累来抑制黄瓜根系生长。↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
HUANG Cheng-zhen, XU Lei, Sun Jin-jing, ZHANG Zhong-hua, FU Mei-lan, TENG Hui-ying, YI Ke-ke. 2020. Allelochemical p-hydroxybenzoic acid inhibits root growth via regulating ROS accumulation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 518-527. |
Comparative transcriptome analysis of the effect of different heat shock periods on the unfertilized ovule in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)
✺ ZHU Ying-chun, SUN De-xi, DENG Yun, AN Guo-lin, LI Wei-hua, SI Wen-jing, LIU Jun-pu, SUN Xiao-wu
离体雌核发育是育种中获得单倍体和纯合双单倍体的重要途径。然而,由于其重复性差、胚状体诱导率和质量较低,其分子机制尚不清楚。热激处理可以促使配子体途径向孢子体途径转变,进而诱导单倍体的发生。在本研究中,试验材料分别是开花前一天0小时 (A0) 和开花当天37℃热激0小时 (A1)、4小时 (A3)、8小时 (A5)、12小时 (A7) 和24小时 (A8) 的未授粉子房。胚珠膨大率从25℃时的0%增加到37℃时的96.8% (热激24小时)。利用RNA-Seq技术研究热激不同时间西瓜未受精胚珠的基因表达模式。结果表明,与A3、A5、A7、A8相比,A1中氨基酸、甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢途径的生物合成发生了显著变化,说明热激处理影响了胚珠膨大过程中氨基酸的合成和转化。转录组数据表明,热激处理显著影响胚珠生长的基因表达变化。这些结果为进一步研究离体雌核发育与温度的复杂关系提供了新的信息,也为进一步研究热激对西瓜胚珠膨大影响的机理提供了依据。↑ 向上滑动查看更多Cite this article: |
ZHU Ying-chun, SUN De-xi, DENG Yun, AN Guo-lin, LI Wei-hua, SI Wen-jing, LIU Jun-pu, SUN Xiao-wu. 2020. Comparative transcriptome analysis of the effect of different heat shock periods on the unfertilized ovule in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 528-540. |
Plant Protection
Bioinformatic analysis and functional characterization of the cfem proteins in maize anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola
✺ GONG An-dong, JING Zhong-ying, ZHANG Kai, TAN Qing-qun, WANG Guo-liang, LIU Wen-de
玉米是全球重要的粮食作物,玉米的产量和品质直接关系到全球粮食与食品安全。由半活体寄生菌禾谷炭疽菌 (Colletotrichum graminicola) 引起的玉米炭疽病,在苗期和成株期均可发生,主要危害玉米叶片,也可侵染茎秆,阻碍植株光合作用,影响玉米结实,造成严重产量损失。CFEM (Common in Fungal Extracellular Membrane) 蛋白结构域约有60个氨基酸,共有8个保守的半胱氨酸。与其他富含半胱氨酸的蛋白不同,该蛋白结构域仅存在于真菌中,且常见于真菌的胞外膜蛋白,并因此而得名。本研究采用同源序列比对,检测禾谷炭疽菌基因组中CFEM蛋白,并进行结构域预测、氨基酸聚类、多重序列比对及蛋白结构预测分析;筛选含有信号肽区域,且缺失跨膜结构的CFEM蛋白作为潜在的效应子;通过注射烟草叶片瞬时表达候选CFEM效应子,进行蛋白亚细胞定位和诱导或抑制植物细胞凋亡的功能研究。研究结果表明,禾谷炭疽菌基因组中共编码24个CgCFEM蛋白,系统发育树中可将其分成2个类群,类群1中含有12个蛋白,每个蛋白序列中均含有5-7个跨膜结构域;类群2中的12个蛋白不具有跨膜结构域。同源比对显示,CFEM结构域中氨基酸序列高度保守,多数序列有65个左右氨基酸,且含8个间隔排列的半胱氨酸,但CFEM 1和CFEM 24结构域中,仅含有54和58个氨基酸,并缺失了1-2个半胱氨酸。根据编码信号肽和不含跨膜结构的标准,从24个CFEM蛋白中筛选出10个潜在的效应子进行功能研究。首先,根据白色念珠菌 (Candida albicans) CFEM蛋白Csa2的蛋白结构数据,通过Phyre2在线工具构建了这10个禾谷炭疽菌CFEM蛋白模型,其结构与Csa2蛋白高度同源,可形成螺旋形篮子结构。Csa2蛋白的螺旋形篮子结构有助于白色念珠菌从寄主血红蛋白中提取血红素,并转运到病原菌细胞内,补充铁元素,增强病原真菌的致病力。蛋白结构分析结果预示禾谷炭疽菌在侵染寄主过程中可能通过分泌CFEM效应蛋白帮助其侵染致病。蛋白亚细胞定位分析显示,10个效应蛋白在烟草叶片中定位于细胞膜,细胞核和细胞质小体等不同部位;且CgCFEM6, 7, 8, 9, 15五个效应蛋白,无论是否存在信号肽,均可抑制BAX引起的细胞凋亡反应。上述研究结果表明,禾谷炭疽菌中存在10个潜在的CFEM效应蛋白,这些蛋白在其侵染植物的过程中可能具有重要的生物学功能。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多Cite this article: |
GONG An-dong, JING Zhong-ying, ZHANG Kai, TAN Qing-qun, WANG Guo-liang, LIU Wen-de. 2020. Bioinformatic analysis and functional characterization of the cfem proteins in maize anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 541-550. |
A new Curvularia lunata variety discovered in Huanghuaihai Region in China
✺ CHANG Jia-ying, LIU Shu-sen, SHI Jie, GUO Ning, ZHANG Hai-jian, CHEN Jie【目的】明确黄淮海夏玉米区玉米弯孢叶斑病的发生情况,并明确其优势病原菌及其致病性变化情况,为该病害的流行和防治提供依据。【方法】本研究于2013、2016、2017年调查了河北、河南、山东、安徽4省的玉米弯孢叶斑病发生情况;采用组织分离法和单孢纯化法获得病原菌,并通过形态学和序列分析 (ITS、LSU、GPDH、EF1-α) 对分离到的所有菌株进行鉴定,明确优势病原菌;基于ITS、LSU、GPDH、EF1-α等4条序列,采用MAGE5软件对代表性菌株HNWB-131和HNWB-185以及模式菌株CX-3进行系统发育分析;采用Q-PCR法比较了HNWB-131、HNWB-185和CX-3菌株孢子形态相关基因Clg2p和ClUrase在菌丝和分生孢子中的表达量差异;并在黄早4、掖478、昌7-2、郑58、A3等5个玉米自交系上,采用喷雾法进行致病力分析。【结果】调查结果表明玉米弯孢叶斑病在河南东南部、安徽北部发生较重,病情指数普遍为56-91,河北和山东地区发生普遍,但发病程度较轻,病情指数普遍为15-40。病原菌分离得到292个新月弯孢菌株,形态鉴定结果表明,分生孢子存在典型的弯曲型和直立型两类,其中直立型孢子比例大于70%的菌株有232个,占优势地位。对直立型分生孢子代表菌株HNWB-131、HNWB-185和模式菌株CX-3的孢子形态对比发现,CX-3菌株的分生孢子呈弯曲状,隔膜不平行;而HNWB-131和HNWB-185菌株的分生孢子多为长椭圆形,隔膜平行。系统发育分析结果表明,HNWB-131、HNWB-185、CX-3均与新月弯孢菌株聚为一支,4条基因序列比对结果表明其相似性均大于99%,因此将分离到的长椭圆形分生孢子菌株命名为新月弯孢变种(Curvularia. lunata var.)。Q-PCR分析结果表明,在新月弯孢变种HNWB-131和HNWB-185中Clg2p和ClUrase在菌丝和分生孢子中的表达量均低于模式菌株CX-3。在5个玉米自交系上的致病力结果表明,新月弯孢变种与模式菌株无显著差异。【结论】本研究明确了2013、2016、2017年黄淮海地区玉米弯孢叶斑病的优势病原菌为新月弯孢变种,其分生孢子不具有弯曲这一典型特征。新月弯孢变种的Clg2p和ClUrase基因表达明显降低,但对致病力没有明显影响。↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
CHANG Jia-ying, LIU Shu-sen, SHI Jie, GUO Ning, ZHANG Hai-jian, CHEN Jie. 2020. A new Curvularia lunata variety discovered in Huanghuaihai Region in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 551-560. |
Application of droplet digital PCR in detection of seed-transmitted pathogen Acidovorax citrulli
✺ LU Yu, ZHANG Hai-jun, ZHAO Zi-jing, WEN Chang-long, WU Ping, SONG Shun-hua, YU Shuan-cang, LUO Lai-xin, XU Xiu-lan
由西瓜嗜酸菌 (Acidovorax citrulli) 引起的瓜类细菌性果斑病 (Bacteria fruit blotch,简称BFB) 是威胁全球瓜类产业的重要病害。病原菌是种传细菌,种子检测是防控BFB的关键环节。本文在已有实时荧光定量PCR基础上,通过优化反应体系及反应条件建立了利用微滴数字PCR (ddPCR) 技术检测瓜类种子携带西瓜细菌性果斑病检测方法。以A. citrulli菌悬液,A. citrulli DNA,人工接种带菌种子及商品种子为检测样品,比较多重PCR、实时荧光定量PCR、微滴式数字PCR三种分子检测方法及分离培养检测方法的检测灵敏性。结果表明,对于菌悬液和DNA样品,ddPCR检测灵敏最高,是实时荧光定量PCR检测的10倍,其最低检测浓度可达到102 CFU mL-1和2 fg。对于人工接菌的西瓜和甜瓜种子,ddPCR可以检出带菌率为0.1%的种子样品,即1000粒种子中有1粒带菌种子。采用以上四种检测方法对收集的201份商品瓜类种子进行检测,ddPCR方法检出率最高,共检测出26份阳性样品。微滴数字PCR技术是一种可提高种传病原菌检测灵敏度的新方法。
↑ 向上滑动查看更多Cite this article: |
LU Yu, ZHANG Hai-jun, ZHAO Zi-jing, WEN Chang-long, WU Ping, SONG Shun-hua, YU Shuan-cang, LUO Lai-xin, XU Xiu-lan. 2020. Application of droplet digital PCR in detection of seed-transmitted pathogen Acidovorax citrulli. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 561-569. |
Molecular and biological characterization of melon-infecting squash leaf curl China virus in China
✺ WU Hui-jie, LI Meng, HONG Ni, PENG Bin, GU Qin-sheng中国南瓜曲叶病毒 (Squash leaf curl China virus,SLCCNV) 在我国侵染多种葫芦科作物,然而在甜瓜上还未见报道。在海南三亚的大棚温室内我们发现甜瓜表现皱缩及矮化症状,为了分析造成该病害的致病因子,利用PCR扩增及基因克隆的方法获得了该病毒的全长基因,分析发现该病害是由SLCCNV引起的。SLCCNV DNA-A (基因登录号:HM566112.1) 全长基因与来自中国的SLCCNV-Hn (MF062251.1)南瓜分离物和SLCCNV-Hn61 (AM260205.1) 西葫芦分离物的核苷酸序列一致性分别达到99%,同时SLCCNV DNA-B (基因登录号:HM566113.1) 与SLCCNV-Hn (MF062252.1)南瓜分离物的核苷酸序列一致性达到99%。基于SLCCNV DNA-A和DNA-B全长核苷酸序列的系统进化树分析表明SLCCNV-HN甜瓜分离物与来自中国的SLCCNV-Hn南瓜分离物、SLCCNV-Hn61和SLCCNV-SY西葫芦分离物聚为一类,形成独立分支。此外,我们构建了SLCCNV的侵染性克隆并利用农杆菌注射的方法接种健康甜瓜,接种15天后发现接种植株表现与田间感病甜瓜一致的症状,接种的30株甜瓜全部发病,其病害率达到100%。在此基础上,我们又进行了烟粉虱传毒实验,利用健康烟粉虱在侵染性克隆接种表现症状的植株上获毒48h,把获毒后的烟粉虱放置到健康的甜瓜幼苗上,每株健康甜瓜放置30头获毒后烟粉虱,接种20株甜瓜幼苗,48h后用杀虫剂灭杀烟粉虱。接种15天后调查发现20株甜瓜有19株表现为明显的矮化、皱缩表型与原始菌株表现症状一致,经过PCR及southern blot验证发现烟粉虱成功传毒。本研究首次通过SLCCNV基因组分析、侵染性克隆及介体传播等方式阐明了其分子生物学特性,为研究SLCCNV侵染甜瓜的致病机制奠定了基础。↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
WU Hui-jie, LI Meng, HONG Ni, PENG Bin, GU Qin-sheng. 2020. Molecular and biological characterization of melon-infecting squash leaf curl China virus in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 570-577. |
Agricultural Economics and Management
Influence of surface ozone on crop yield of maize in China近地面臭氧污染对中国玉米单产的影响✺ YI Fu-jin, FENG Jia-ao, WANG Yan-jun, JIANG Fei本研究采用中国880个县域的面板数据,研究地表臭氧对玉米产量的不利影响。本文主要通过控制气候变量和相关经济变量构建计量经济模型,来确定地表臭氧浓度升高的影响,同时,本研究模型中还考虑了在测量地表臭氧对玉米产量影响时的潜在空间相关性。回归结果表明,臭氧浓度的增加降低了玉米产量,且在玉米生长季节的第二个月末,是其对臭氧最为敏感的时期。2013-2015年,臭氧污染造成的玉米年平均损失约42.34万吨,占平均产量的1.9%。↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
YI Fu-jin, FENG Jia-ao, WANG Yan-jun, JIANG Fei. 2020. Influence of surface ozone on crop yield of maize in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 578-589. |
Do large-scale farmers use more pesticides? Empirical evidence from rice farmers in five Chinese provinces规模户会使用更多农药吗?——来自中国五省稻农的经验证据✺ QIN Shi-le, LÜ Xin-ye掌握规模户与小农户的用药行为差异的规律,这对于区别规范农户行为、提升水稻的质量安全具有重要的理论与现实意义。稻农整体的用药行为表现出规模户用药剂量大、施药次数多,小农户用药剂量小、施药次数少的特征。计量检验发现,口粮比例对小农户单次用药剂量超标和施药频次的负向作用较为明显,口粮比例的增加会降低小农户对农药的需求;产量效应对规模户施药频次的作用明显,较大的产量效应会增加规模户施药频次的几率。因此,在用药行为中规模户应注重减量增效,小农户着重提升用植保水平。↑ 向上滑动查看更多
Cite this article: |
QIN Shi-le, LÜ Xin-ye. 2020. Do large-scale farmers use more pesticides? Empirical evidence from rice farmers in five Chinese provinces. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(2): 590-599. |
欢迎投稿:http://www.chinaagrisci.com
欢迎订阅:
2019年定价80元/册,全年刊期:12期,全年定价960元。
① 各地邮局订阅:邮发代号2-851;
② 编辑部期刊发行部:联系电话 010-82106247;
③ 网上购买:搜淘宝店、微店店铺名称:中科期刊(订阅及销售过刊);或扫描下方二维码:
Journal of Integrative Agriculture
长按识别二维码关注:为您提供更多精彩