【TED演讲】为什么孩子需要了解性别和性取向？
TED英语演讲课
给心灵放个假吧
演讲题目：Why kids need to learn about gender and sexuality？
演讲简介：
Lindsay Amer 是“Queer Kid Stuff”的创作者，这是一个教育视频系列，通过歌曲和隐喻传递关于性别和性取向的概念。通过这些视频，Amer正在帮助培养更多善解人意的成年人，“我希望孩子们长大成人，并为他们是谁以及他们可以成为谁而感到自豪，”
中英文字幕
Alright, let's get this kicked off. (Singing) It's OK to be gay. We are different in many ways. Doesn't matter if you're a boy, girl or somewhere in between, we all are part of one big family. Gay means "happy." Queer Kid Stuff. You are enough here at Queer Kid Stuff. Opening a performance with lyrics like "It's OK to be gay" for a roomful of adults is one thing, but it's entirely different for a roomful of kindergartners.
好了，让我们开始吧。（唱歌）做同性恋是可以的。我们在很多方面都不一样。不管你是男孩，女孩还是介于两者之间，我们全是大家庭的一员。同性的意思是“快乐”。《酷儿孩子网剧》。在《酷儿孩子网剧》这里你是足够好的人。以“做同性恋是可以的”这样的歌词开场，对一屋子成年观众是一回事，但对一屋子小朋友来说，就完全不同了。
What you've just heard is the theme song for my web series "Queer Kid Stuff," where I make LGBTQ+ and social justice videos for all ages. And when I say all ages, I mean literal babies to your great-great-grandma. Now, I know what you're thinking: "Whoa, they're talking about gay stuff with kids." But talking to kids about gay stuff is actually crucial.
你们刚才听到的是我的系列视频《酷儿孩子网剧》的主题曲，视频内容是关于LGBT和社会公平的，面向所有年龄层。这里的“所有年龄层”，真的是指从婴儿，到你的曾祖母。现在，你们应该在想：“哇哦，他们居然跟小朋友谈同性恋的事情。”但跟小朋友谈同性恋的事情实际上非常重要。
The American Academy of Pediatrics has found that children have a solid understanding of their gender identity by the age of four. This is when children are developing their sense of self. They're observing the world around them, absorbing that information and internalizing it. Now, most parents want their children to become kind, empathetic, self-confident adults, and exposure to diversity is an important part of that social and emotional development.
美国儿科学会发现儿童性别认同的建立在4岁前就完成了。这是孩子们发展自我意识的时候。他们在观察周围的世界，吸收这些信息并将其内化。大多数父母希望他们的孩子成为善良、有同理心、自信的成年人，而了解性别多样性的存在，是社交和情感发展的重要部分。
And -- gender nonconforming kids and trans kids and kids with trans and nonbinary and queer parents are everywhere. In the series, my stuffed bear cohost and I talk about the LGBT community, activism, gender and pronouns, consent and body positivity. We tackle these topics through songs, not unlike the one you just heard, simple definitions and metaphors.
而且，非常规性别的儿童，跨性别儿童，父母是跨性别、非二元性别或者非异性恋的儿童，到处都有。在这些视频里，我的熊玩偶主持人和我讨论LGBT社群，行动主义，性别与性别代词，同意和对身体的积极认同。我们通过歌曲来探讨这些话题，就像你们刚才听到的那首，直白的定义和比喻。
We approach these ideas, to steal a phrase from an old professor of mine, from "under the doorknob" -- getting down to toddler height and looking up at the great big world through their tiny little eyes, taking these seemingly complex ideas and simplifying them -- not dumbing them down, but homing in on the core concept. Gender is about how we feel and how we express ourselves.
在介绍这些观点时，用我以前一位教授的话说，就是要“从门把手下”开始——要降低到孩子的高度，通过他们小小的眼睛仰望这个大大的世界，讲述这些看似复杂的概念，简化它们——不是傻瓜化，而是关注核心概念。性别是关于我们如何感受自我，表达自我。
Sexuality is about love and gender and family, not about sex. And these are all ideas children can grasp. In one of my earliest episodes about gender, I used the idea of pronouns to underscore the definition and introduce gender-neutral pronouns like "they" and "them." I encourage children to think about their own pronouns and to ask others for theirs.
性取向是关于爱、性别和家庭，而不是性。这些都是儿童能理解的概念。在早期关于性别的视频里，我使用性别代词的概念，强调定义并引入性别中立代词，例如“他们”（主格）和“他们”（宾格）。我鼓励孩子思考他们自己的代词并询问其他人的代词。
In later episodes, I build on this foundation and introduce big fancy words like "nonbinary" and "transgender." I get emails from viewers in their 20s who use my videos to explain nonbinary gender to their grandparents. But, I get one comment over and over again: "Let kids be kids." Well, that's a nice sentiment and all, but only if it actually includes all kids.
在后面的视频，我在这基础上引入一些大的花哨词，像“非二元性别”和“跨性别”。我收到了一些20多岁的观众的邮件，他们用我的视频，给祖父母解释非二元性别。但是，我无数次收到同一条评论：“让孩子保持童真吧。”好吧，这个观点没问题，但前提是它要囊括所有的孩子。
Just a few weeks ago, a 15-year-old in Huntsville, Alabama died by suicide after being bullied for being gay. In 2018, it was a seven-year-old in Denver, Colorado. There have been and will be many more. Lesbian, gay and bisexual teens are more than three times more likely to attempt suicide than their heterosexual peers, and transgender teens are almost six times more likely.
就在几周前，在阿拉巴马州亨茨维尔市，一个15岁的孩子因为是同性恋被欺凌后自杀。2018年，在科罗拉多州丹佛市一个7岁的孩子也有相同遭遇。这样的事发生过很多次，将来也还会有很多。女同性恋，男同性恋，双性恋青年意图自杀的比例是同龄异性恋者的3倍多，而跨性别青年差不多是6倍。
According to one study, roughly one third of homeless youth identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual or questioning, and about four percent of homeless youth identify as transgender, compared with one percent of the general youth population surveyed. According to the Human Rights Campaign, there have been 128 killings of trans people in 87 cities across 32 states since 2013. And those are the only the reported cases.
一项研究表明，大约1/3无家可归的青年被认为是男女同性恋、双性恋或者性别存疑，有大约4%无家可归的青年人被认为是跨性别者，相比之下，这个比例在普通的青年人口调查中只有1%。根据“人权战线”的数据，从2013年开始，在32个州的87个城市发生了128起针对跨性别者的杀人案。这还只是被报道了的案件。
And 80 percent of those killings were of trans women of color. The queer situation is bleak, to say the least. The YouTube comments on my videos are not much better. I'm used to the harassment. I get messages daily telling me I'm a pedophile and that I should kill myself in a number of increasingly creative ways. I once had to put the word "truck" on my block list because someone wanted me to get run over by a truck.
其中80%的受害者是有色人种的跨性别女性。非异性恋者的处境是艰难的，毫不夸张地说。油管上对我视频的评论也好不到哪里去。我已经习惯了这种骚扰。每天我都会收到信息，说我是个恋童癖，我应该自杀，他们甚至还提供了越来越多的有创意的自杀方法。我曾经把“卡车”这个词屏蔽，因为有人想让我被卡车撞死。
"Shower" and "oven" are in there, too, for the less creative and more disturbing Holocaust reference. When neo-Nazis marched in Charlottesville, I was unsurprised to learn that the creator of a violent Reddit meme about one of my episodes was in the tiki torch crowd. This barrage of negativity is what we're up against: the crushing statistics, the violence, the mental health risks, the well-meaning but flawed response my parents gave me when I came out, that they didn't want me to have a harder life.
屏蔽的还有“淋浴”和“烤箱”，针对那些缺乏创意却更让人不安的杀戮方法。当新纳粹分子在夏洛茨维尔游行时，我得知在那些举着火把的游行者中，就有那位在Reddit上发布针对我的暴力视频的人时，我一点也不觉得惊讶。这一连串的消极问题是我们要面对的：糟糕的统计数据、暴力、心理健康风险，还有出柜时父母给我的充满善意却错误的回应，他们希望我能活得轻松些。
That's what we're up against. But in the face of all that, I choose joy. I choose rainbows and unicorns and glitter, and I sing that it's OK to be gay with my childhood stuffed teddy bear. I make queer media for kids because I wish I had this when I was their age. I make it so others don't have to struggle through what I did, not understanding my identity because I didn't have any exposure to who I could be.
这就是我们要面对的问题。但在面对这些问题时，我选择快乐应对。我选择彩虹、独角兽和光芒，我和小时候的熊玩偶一起唱“同性恋也是可以的”。我为孩子们制作同性恋科普视频，因为我多希望，我在小时候就能看到这些视频。我拍这些视频，所以其他人不用经历我曾经的挣扎，我不理解自我，因为我从来不知道，自己可以成为谁。
I teach and spread this message through joy and positivity instead of framing it around the hardships of queer life. I want kids to grow up and into themselves with pride for who they are and who they can be, no matter who they love or what they wear or what pronouns they use. And I want them to love others for their differences, not in spite of them.
我通过快乐和积极性来教育和传播这些信息而不是刻画同性恋生活的难处。我希望孩子能骄傲地成长，为今天的自己和未来的自己而自豪，无论他们爱的是谁，穿的是什么，使用什么称呼。我希望他们因为各自的差异而相爱，而不是忽略它们。
I think fostering this pride and empathy will make the world a kinder and more equal place and combat the bigotry and hate that festers in our world. So, talk to a kid about gender. Talk to a kid about sexuality. Teach them about consent. Tell them it is OK for boys to wear dresses and for girls to speak up. Let's spread radical queer joy.
我觉得，鼓励这种自豪感与同理心能让世界变得更友善，更公平，能与腐蚀这个世界的偏见和仇恨战斗。所以，跟孩子聊聊性别吧。跟他们聊聊性取向。教他们如何拒绝。告诉他们，男孩子可以穿裙子，女孩子也可以大声说话。让我们一起为同性恋发声。
Thank you.
谢谢。
视频、演讲稿均来源于TED官网