【预习】初中英语语法《情态动词表建议与提要求》视频讲解

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视频讲解

can   could

1)表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。

Can you lift this heavy box? (体力)

Mary can speak three languages. (知识)

Can you skate? (技能)

can只有一般现在时和一般过去时;而 be able to do则有更多的时态。

I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.

当表示“经过努力オ得以做成功某事”时应用 be able to不能用can。

如: He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.

2)表示请求和允许。

—Can I go now?  

—Yes, you can. —No, you can't.

此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用 could， might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。

—Could I come to see you tomorrow?   

—Yes, you can. —No, I'm afraid not.

3)表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。

They've changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.

This hall can hold 500 people at least.

4)表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度)，用于疑同句、否定句和感叹句中。

Can this be true?

may     might       

1)表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉。否定回答时可用can't或 mustn't,表示“不可以,禁止”

—Might/ May I smoke in this room?

用May....? 征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用Can....? 在口语中更常见。

2)用于祈使句,表示祝愿。

May you succeed!

3)表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句) ,它所表示的可能性比may小。

He may/might be very busy now.

must      have to

1) 表示必须、必要。

You must come in time.

在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn't（禁止，不准），而用needn't, don't have to（不必）.

—Must we hand in our exercise books today?

—Yes, you must.      

—No, you don’t have to / you needn't.

2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。

His play isn't interesting, I really must go now.

I had to work when I was your age.

3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）

Your mother must be waiting for you now.

dare     need

1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。

How dare you say I'm unfair?

2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。

You needn't come so early.

— Need I finish the work today?

— Yes, you must. / No, you needn't.

3)dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。

I dare to swim across this river.

He needs to finish his homework today.

shall    should

1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。

What shall we do this evening?

2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)

He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)

He shall be punished.(威胁)

will      would

1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。

Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?

2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。

I will never do that again.

3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。

During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.

4) 表示估计和猜想。

It would be about ten o'clock when she left home.

should   ought to

1) should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。

I should help her because she is in trouble.

You ought to take care of the baby.

2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。

You should / ought to go to class right away.

Should I open the window?

3) 表示推测。should , ought to (客观推测), must(主观推测)。

He must be home by now. (断定他已到家)

He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定)

This is where the oil must be.(直爽)

This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)

同步练习题 

中考情态动词是一个选择题必出的考点，说简单也简单，说难也并不那么容易，今天小编整理了一份情态动词专项训练，并且附上答案，学霸们一起练习一下哦~

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(　 ) 1. Mr. Wang ______ be in Nanjing now, he went to Beijing only this morning.

A. mustn’t　　　　 B. may not　　　　

C. can’t　　　　　  D. needn’t

(　 ) 2. –Must I stay at home, Mum?　　　 

--No, you ______.

A. needn’t　　　　 B. mustn’t　　　　 

C. don’t　　　　　  D. may not

(　 ) 3. –Can you go swimming with us this afternoon?

--Sorry, I can’t. I _____ take care of my little sister at home because my mother is ill.

A. can　　　　　　 B. may　　　　　　 

C. would　　　　　 D. have to

(　 ) 4. –May I go to the cinema, Mum?

--Certainly. But you ______be back by 11 o’clock.

A. can　　　　  　 B. may　　　　　　 

C. must　　　　　  D. need

(　 ) 5. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish ______ into the river.

A. needn’t be thrown　　　　　B. mustn’t be thrown

C. can’t throw　　　　　　　　D. may not throw

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(　 ) 6. –May I go out to play basketball, Dad?    

--No, you ______.You must finish your homework first.

A. mustn’t　　　　 B. may not　　　　 

C. couldn’t　　　　  D. needn’t

(　 ) 7. –Where is Jack, please ?　　

--He _____ be in the reading room.

A. can　　　　　　 B. need　　　　　  

C. would　　　　　  D. must

(　 ) 8. –Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li?　

--No, it ______ be him.Mr Li is much taller.

A. musn’t　　　　 B. may not　　　　 

C. can’t　　　　　　 D. needn’t

(　 ) 9. These books ______ out of the reading room. You have toread them here.

A. can’t take　　  B. must be taken　  

C. can take　　D. mustn’t be taken

(　 ) 10. –Mum, may I watch TV now?　  

--Sure, but you ______ help me with my housework first.

A. can　　　　　  B. may 　　　　　 

C. must　　　　　　 D. could

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(　 ) 11. The boy said he had to speak English in class, but he ______speak it after calss.

A. could　　　　  B. didn’t have to　  

C. might　　　　　  D. shouldn’t

(　 ) 12. –Must we hand in the papers now? 　　　 

--No, you ______.

A. can’t　　　　  B. may not　　　　

C. mustn’t　　　　  D. needn’t

(　 ) 13. John ______ go there with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure about it.

A. must　　　　  B. can　　　　　　

C. will　　　　　　  D. may

(　 ) 14. Even the top students in our class can’t work out this problem. So it ______ be very difficult.

A. can　　　　　 B. may　　　　　　 

C. must　　　　　  D. need

(　 ) 15. Put on more clothes. You ______ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.

A. can　　　　　 B. could　　　　　  

C. would　　　　　 D. must

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(　 ) 16. It’s still early. You ______.

A. mustn’t hurry　　　　　　B. wouldn’t hurry

C. may not hurry　　　　　  D. don’t have to hurry

(　 ) 17. –May I stop here?　　　

--No, you ______.

A. mustn’t　　　　 B. might not　　　

C. needn’t　　　　D. won’t

(　 ) 18. A computer ______ think for itself, it must be told what to do.

A. can’t　　　　   B. couldn’t　　　　

C. may not　　　 D. might not

(　 ) 19. –Could I borrow your dictionary?　　 

-- Yes, of course you _______.

A. might　　　　  B. will　　　　　 

C. can　　　　　 D. should

(　 ) 20. Peter ______ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.

A. must　　　　　 B. may　　　　　 

C. can　　　　　 D. will

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(　 ) 21. Michael ______ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.

A. needn’t　　　　 B. can’t　　　　　 

C. should　　　　D. may

(　 ) 22. ______ I know your name?

A. May　　　　　 B. Will　　　　　  

C. Shall　　　　 D. Must

(　 ) 23. You ______ be more careful next time.

A. have to　　　　 B. may　　　　　  

C. must　　　　 D. might

(　 ) 24. You ______ miss the lesson, though we ______ have it on Thursday.

A. mustn’t; needn’t  B. needn’t; mustn’t 

C. mustn’t; mustn’t  D.needn’t; needn’t

(　 ) 25. This pen looks like mine, yet it isn’t. whose ______ it be?

A. must　　　　　 B. may　　　　　  

C. would　　　　 D. can

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(　 ) 26. What kinds of homes will we live in the future? Nobody ______be sure, but scientists are working out new ideas now.

A. will　　　　　  B. may　　　　　  

C. can　　　　　 D. must

(　 ) 27. I ______ like to know where you were born.

A. shall　　　　　 B. should　　　　  

C. do　　　　　  D. may

(　 ) 28. ______ you be happy!

A. Might　　　　  B. Must　　　　　 

C. Wish　　　　  D. May

(　 ) 29. A teacher ______ do every exercise, but a student must.

A. may not　　　　B. needn’t　　　　

C. can’t　　　　  D. mustn’t

(　 ) 30. The matter ______ be changed into a gas, but it _______ be heated to its boiling point.

A. may; needn’t　　B. may; can　　　 

C. mustn’t; needn’t   D. can; must

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(　 ) 31. Teachers and students ______ look coldly at you for a day or two, but there are friendly feelings in their hearts.

A. must　　　　　 B. can　　　　　  

C. may　　　　　 D. should

(　 ) 32. Cars and buses ______ stop when the traffic lights turn red.

A. can　　　　　  B. need　　　　　 

C. may　　　　　 D. must

(　 ) 33. –Do you think his story ______ true?　

--I don’ think so. But it sounds good.

A. must be　　　　 B. may be　　　　 

C. can be　　　　 D. has to be

(　 ) 34. Look out! The knife is very sharp. You ______ cut your finger.

A. need　　　　　 B. must　　　　　

C. should　　　　 D. may

(　 ) 35. –How long ______ the book be kept?　　  

--For two weeks,but you ______ return it on time.

A. can; may　　　 B. may; need　　　 

C. can; must　　　D. must; need

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(　 ) 36. – May I have an apple, Mum?　　 

 --Certainly. But you ______wash your hands first.

A. may　　　　　 B. must　　　　　 

C. can　　　　　 D. need

(　 ) 37. –There is a lot of smoke coming out of the teaching building there.

--Really? It ______ be a fire, most probably.

A. can　　　　　 B. ought to　　　　 

C. may　　　　　  D. must

(　 ) 38. –Shall I tell John about the bad news?　　 

 --No, you ______. I think that will make him sad.

A. needn’t　　　　B. wouldn’t　　　　

C. shouldn’t　　　 D. mustn’t

(　 ) 39. –Could I call you by your first name?　　 

--Yes, you ______.

A. will　　　　　 B. could　　　　　 

C. may　　　　　  D. might

(　 ) 40. –Let’s go to the cinema, shall we?　　 

-- _______.

A. No, I can’t　B. Yes, I will　

C. Yes, thank you　D. No, we’d better not　　

(　 ) 41. --______ the man there be our new teacher?　　 　　

--He ______ be, but I’m not sure.

A. May; mustn’t　 B. Can; may　　　

C. Must; can’t　　 D. Can; can’t

(　 ) 42. –Sometime is knocking at the door. Who ______ it be?　

--It ______ be Tom. He is still in the school.

A. can; can’t　　　B. can; mustn’t　　 

C. might; could　　D. might; may

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