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【预习】初中英语语法《There be 句型的用法》视频讲解+知识点+练习

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●●知识点 

There be 句型是英语中常用句型, 意思是“有”,表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。There在此结构中是引导词,已经没有副词“那里”的含义。

There be 句型的构成形式一般为“There is/are + 某物/人 +某地/时”,表示某地/时有某物/人。

用法:

There be 后面的名词是句子的主语,属倒装结构。疑问句形式是将be或will/have/can/must等助动词、情态动词提至there之前,否定形式则直接在be或助动词、情态动词后加not,因此要表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用“There be + 名词+ 地点(时间)这一句型。

There are some sharks.

这有鲨鱼。

Excuse me. Is there a repair shop near here for MP3?

打搅了,附近有MP3维修店吗?

There are lots of people who can actually help you.

有许多可以实际帮助你的人们。

语法:

主谓要一致

1.当动词be后所接的名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词时,be 应该取单数is;当其后所接的名词是复数的可数名词时,be用复数are。

There's a man at the door.门口有个人。

There is some apple juice in the bottle.瓶子里有些苹果汁。

There are some strangers in the street.大街上有一些陌生人。

2.如果There be 后面是几个并列名词做补语时,动词be的形式和最靠近它的那个名词保持数的一致。

There is an ashtray and two bottles on the shelf. 架子上有一只烟灰缸和两个瓶子。

There are two bottles and an ashtray on the shelf. 架子上有两个瓶子和一个烟灰缸。

时态

1.There be 句型中动词be可以有一般现在时、一般过去时、将来时和完成时。

There isn't harm in trying.不妨一试。

There were fabulous wildflowers in the hills last spring.去年春天,山中有极美的野花。

There will be a fine day tomorrow.明天将是一个晴天。

2.There be 句型可以和各种助动词、情态动词连用。

There may be a cigarette in that box.那只盒子里或许有支香烟。

There must be some cakes on the table.桌子上一定有些蛋糕。

There used to be a hospital there before the war.战前,那里曾经有家医院。

3.There be 句型也可以和这样一些的谓语动词连用:be going to 、seem to 、appear to 、used to、be likely to 、happen to ….

There seem to be a few trees between me and the green.在我与草坪之间好像有一些树。

There is going to be a meeting tonight.今天晚上有个会议。

There is likely to be a storm.可能有一场暴雨。

There happened to be a bus nearby.碰巧附近有辆公交车。

There appears to have been a nasty accident.似乎发生了一起严重事故。

4.there be 结构中除可以用be 外,还可以用其它动词。例如:

There came a scent of lime-blossom.飘来一阵菩提树的花香。

Once upon a time there lived a king in China.从前中国有一个国王。

否定句

1.There be 句型的否定句构成方式是将否定副词not放在be 之后,如:

There isn’t a box in the room.房间里没有盒子。

There aren’t any pens on the desk.课桌上没有钢笔。

There hasn’t been any rain for a week.一周没下雨了。

There won’t be a meeting today.今天没有会议。

疑问句

2.There be 句型的一般疑问句是将be 放在主语there 之前,回答时用yes或no,后接简单答语。如:

Is there a cake on the table?桌子上有块蛋糕吗?

Yes,there is. / No,there isn’t.是,有。/ 不,没有。

Will there be a party tonight?今晚有聚会吗?

Yes,there will./ No, there won’t是的,有。/ 不,没有。

Yes,there have./ No, there haven’t.是,有的。/ 不,没有。

3.There be 句型的特殊疑问句主要有how many和how much做引导词两种情况:

How many students are there in your school?你们学校有多少学生?

How much money is there in your pocket?你口袋里有多少钱?

4.There be 句型的反意疑问句

There is a cup on the table, isn’t there?桌子上有只杯子,是吗?

There is some orange in the glass, isn’t there?杯子里有桔汁,是吗?

There are a lot of letters in the mailbox, aren’t there?邮筒里有很多信件,是吗?

There will be a new hospital nearby, won’t there?附近要建一家新医院,是吗?

实战演练

一、选择题

1、There               a meeting tonight. 

A will be       B had be         C is going be        D was


2、There     a knock at the door just now .

A will be       B has been       C were         D was


3、There  a pen and two books on the desk now.

 A are      B be       C is         D was


4、There is _____ on the floor.

A.cat   B.water   C.boxes  D.football


5、There are _____ on the floor.

A.cat   B.water    C.boxes   D.football


二、句型转换:

1、(将句子转换成否定句)There is a bike behind the tree.

2、(将句子转换成否定句)There are some books on the desk .

3、(将句子转换成一般疑问句)There is some water on Mars.


三、句子画线部分提问


1、There are many things over there.

2、There is a little girl in the room.  

3、There are four children on the playground. 

4、There are three women in the picture .

5、There is some water in the bottle .


参考答案:

一、选择题

1.首先观察题目本身的提示tonight,判断该题的时态是将来时,首先排除选项A和D。C选项的结构不正确,故选A。


2、首先观察题目本身的提示just now,判断该题的时态是一般过去时,首先排除选项A和B。C选项是复数,不符和题意,故选D。


3、首先观察题目本身的提示now,判断该题的时态是一般现在时,首先排除选项D。选项B为原形不正确,排除。虽然原句中的主语是a pen and two books,但是根据就近原则,离there be 最近的是a pen,选项A为复数形式,排除。故选C。


4、 由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词,而A、D项中都缺少冠词a,故选B,


5、由are可知主语应是可数名词复数,而A,D选项为可数名词单数。B选项为不可数名词,故选C。


二、句型转换:

1、There isn't a bike behind the tree.

2、There aren't any bikes behind the tree.

3、Is there any water on Mars?


三、就句子画线部分提问

1、What's over there?

2、 Who is in the room?

3、Where are the four children?

4、How many women are there in the picture?

5、How much water is there in the bottle ?



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