【诵读】小学英语音标发音、拼读规则汇总大全

一、音标发音

“音标”是英语学习的第一步！您的孩子能正确发音吗？

在平时的教学过程中，我也发现了很多学生都存在这个问题，因此，今天特意整理一份48个英语国际音标快速记忆法，希望可以帮助各位孩子尽快掌握

巧记48个音标

记忆方法(只需记长音就可以)

1单元音

[i:]、[i]、[ɔ:]、[ɔ]、[u:]、[u]、[ə:]、[ə]、[ɑ:]、[ʌ]、[e]、[æ]

2双元音

[ei]、[ai]、[ɔi]、[iə]、[ɛə]、[uə]、[au]、[əu]

3辅音

[θ]、[ð]、[ʃ]、[ʒ]

注：多数辅音的读音与拼音差别不大，可以通过拼音来进行谐音;还有一部分辅音没有对应的拼音字体，我们的记忆方法主要是针对这四个辅音。)

专业老师以轻松、幽默的形式完整演绎英音发音全过程（时长近70分钟）

https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=d018585o0lm&width=500&height=375&auto=0

6条自然拼读规则

1、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母	读 音	例 词
a	在开音节中	[ei]	name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中	[æ]	bag dad hat map black back
e	在开音节中	[i:]	he these me Chinese
在闭音节中	[e]	bed let pen desk yes egg
i	在开音节中	[ai]	bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中	[i]	fish big drink sit milk swim
o	在开音节中	[ou]	those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中	[]	clock not box shop sock
u	在开音节中	[ju:]	student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中	[]	bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

2、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母	读 音	例 词
a	[]	China another woman breakfast
[i]	orange comrade village cabbage
e	[]	hundred student open weekend
[i]	chicken pocket begin children
i	[]/[i]	holiday beautiful family animal
[ai]	exercise satellite
o	[]	second tonight somebody welcome
[u]	also zero photo
u	[]	autumn diffcult
[ju:]	popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate
u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue

在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[]音，也可以读作[i]音。

3、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母	读 音	例 词
a在[w]音后面	[]	want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前	[α:]	after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前	[ai]	find child light high
o在-st -ld前	[ou]	most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前	[]	come monkey love mother

4、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组	读 音	例 词
ar ar在[w]音后面	[α:]	car farm dark sharpener
[:]	warm quarter towards
or or在[w]音后面	[:]	forty morning short
[:]	word worker worse
er ir ur	[:]	certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

5、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组	读 音	例 词
are	[ε]	care dare hare
ere	[i]	here mere
ire	[ai]	fire hire wire
ore	[:]	more score before
ure	[ju]	pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[]音，例如：picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。 例如：parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。 例如：orange very American paragraph

6、元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组	读 音	例 词
ai/ay	[ei]	afraid rain wait day play
air	[ε]	air hair chair pair repair
al al在f m前	[]	small ball talk wall all
[:l]	always also salt almost
[α:]	half calm
au/aw	[:]	autumn daughter draw
ea	[i:]	teach easy cheap please
[e]	heavy bread sweater weather
[ei]	break great
ear	[i]	hear dear near clear year
[ε]	bear pear wear swear
[:]	earth learn early
ee	[i:]	jeep week green three
eer	[i]	pioneer deer beer
ei/ey	[ei]	eight neighbour they
[i:]	either key
eu/ew在 j l r s后	[ju:]	new few newspaper
[u:]	flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后	[i:]	piece field receive
oa	[ou]	coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor	[:]	roar board door floor
oi/oy	[i]	noise point boy toilet
oo	[u:]	broom food tooth school
[u]	book look cook foot good
ou/ow	[au]	flower house count down
[ou]	know row throw though
[]	young country enough
[u:]	group you soup
our	[:]	course your four
[au]	our hour ours
[:]	journey
ui 在j l r s后	[ju:i]	fluid suicide tuition
[u:]	juice fruit suit

7、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

元音字组或字群	读 音	例 词
ai/ay ei/ey	[i]	Sunday foreign monkey
ow	[ou]	yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[]音或[i]。 例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion	[n]	impression nation
-sion在元音字母后	[n]	vision decision occasion
-tion在s后	[n]	question suggestion
-sten	[sn]	listen
-stle	[sl]	whistle
-sure	[]	pleasure measure
-ture	[]	picture culture

8、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

　　复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
例如：
　　everyday[ei] 
　　handbag[æ]
　　blackboard[:]

　　有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
例如：
　　sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday[i] 星期天
　　holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday[i] 假日
　　break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[] 早餐
　　cup茶杯 + board木板[:] ＞ cupboard[] 碗柜

9、辅字组的读音

辅字组	读 音	例 词
b	[b]	bike bus bag
[/]	bomb tomb
c c在e前或在i/y前	[k]	cake picture coat music
[s]	face decide cinema
ch	[]	much chick rich teacher
[k]	school headache chemistry
[]	machine Chicago
-ck	[k]	cock pocket black knock
d	[d]	doctor bread hand day
-dge	[]	bridge fridge
dr-	[dr]	children driver drink
f	[f]	five four breakfast
g g在e i/y前	[]	bag gardon go
[]	orange large German
gh	[f]	cough enough
[/]	light daughter high
gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中	[]	guess league dialogue
[w]	language anguish
h	[h]	hot head house hand
[/]	hour honest
j	[]	jeep jar joke join July
k	[k]	kind bike skate make week
kn-	[n]	knife know knock
l	[l]	life milk school tall
m	[m]	monkey come autumn
-mn	[m]	autumn column solemn
n n在[k] [g]音前	[n]	not shine ten note
[]	uncle thank hungry
-ng	[]	morning young wrong
p	[p]	paper plane pig ship pen
ph	[f]	elephant photo telephone
q	[k]	Iraq
qu-	[kw]	quality quite
r	[r]	red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前 元音字母间或浊辅音前	[s]	sit sleep desk
[z]	music husband
sc-	[sk]	scarlet
[s]	muscle science
sh	[]	she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下 在弱读字母ia ie io前	[t]	ten letter meet
[]	patient nation
tch	[]	watch
th在通常情况下 在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther中	[θ]	thin thirty method
[]	the these with than
[]	clothe father weather
tr-	[tr]	tree train country truck
v	[v]	very voice love leave
w	[w]	week win wake sweet wait
[/]	answer two
wh- wh-在字母o前	[w]	what when white why
[h]	who whose whole
x 在重读元音前	[ks]	box text exercise
[gz]	examle exist exact
wr-	[r]	write
y-	[j]	yes yard yellow young
z	[z]	puzzle zero zo

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往期回顾：【育儿】英语这样记，单词so easy！快教给孩子吧。

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