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献给备考的你 | 完形填空的秘密

小白老师 医学博士英语 2020-02-24



小白老师说:完形填空和词汇题的区别在于词汇题考察“大词”的用法,完形填空着重考察逻辑关系词和“小词”的用法。其实,英语母语人士的文章的都是善用小词、活用小词的,而这些词就是完形填空常见的考点所在。13类小词,小白老师已经为大家总结整理好了,建议收藏,建议打印出来作为备考资料。


小白老师原创文章,谢绝任何形式的转载,禁止任何网站、培训机构抄袭,否则诉诸法律!


第一类、容易混淆的词组

1. with the help of 在某人的帮助下  

under the leadership / care of 在......的领导/关心下 


2. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格  

be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格  


3. at present=at the present time 目前  

for the present 暂时  


4. in the sunshine 在阳光下  

under the sun 在世界上  


5. lie in 位于......之内  

lie on 同......接壤  

lie to 位于......之外  


6. at least 至少  

in the least 丝毫,一点  


7. by name 名叫  

in the name of 以......的名义  


8. in the air 空中,在流传  

on the air 播出 


9. in the way 挡路,障碍

in a way 在某点上,在某种程度上

get one’s own way to do 随心所欲  

give way 让步,屈服  

lose one’s way 迷路 

by the way 顺便说一下  

on one’s way to 在去......的路上  


10. at the corner 在拐角处(外角)

in the corner 在角落里(内角)

on the corner 在角落上(外角上) 

Sth. is around corner. ......快要到了。(eg. Christmas is around corner.圣诞节快要到了。)


11. judge by / from  根据......来判断  

judge for oneself  由某人自己来判断 


12. at the end (of)  在......结束时  

at the beginning of  在......开始时 

at the back of  在......背后,支持  

at the age of  ......岁时  

at the foot of  在......脚下 

at the bottom of  在......底部  

at the top of  在......顶上 

at/on the edge of  在......边上 


13. in the course of 在......的过程中  

in the eyes of 从某人的观点看来,在某人眼里 

in the face of 面对;尽管,纵使  

in the middle of 在......中间  

in the end = at last = finally 最后 


14. on the eve of  在......前夕  

on the side of 在......一边  


15. after a time = after some time  过一段时间后  

for a time = for some time  一时,有一段时间  


16. behind time 迟到,过期  

behind the times 落在时代后面;落伍  


17. at no time 决不  

in no time 立即,马上  


18. at one time = once time 曾经 

at a time = each time 每次  

at times = sometimes 有时 

at all times 经常,一直,始终  

at the same time 同时  

at the time 在......的时候 

by the time 到......的时候  


19. for a moment 一会儿  

for the moment 暂时  

at the moment 当时  

the moment / minute / instance 正当......的一刹那  


20. once or twice 一两次  

more than once 不止一次 

once more 重新,又  

once upon a time 从前  

once in a while 偶尔 


第二类、以break为中心词的词组  

break away from 脱离,逃离  

break down 破坏,粉碎;瓦解;出故障,抛锚  

break in 闯进,打断;使顺服  

break into 闯入;强行进入;突然开始 

break out 爆发,发生;准备使用;起锚  

break the law 违反法律  

break the record 破记录  

break one’s promise 失言  

break up 开垦,破碎;解散,分开,分解  


第三类、以catch为中心词的词组  

be caught doing 被发现做某事  

be caught in the rain 淋雨  

catch a bus / train 赶汽车 / 火车  

catch a cold 伤风,感冒  

catch one’s word 听懂某人的话  

catch sight of 发现,瞥见 

catch up with 赶上,追及,追上


第四类、以come为中心词的词组  

come across 偶尔发现,想起;越过;偿付  

come along 一道来,陪伴;进步,进展;出现 

come at 达到,求得,得到;扑向,袭击  

come back 回来;恢复,复原 

come down 倒下;降落;跌落;病倒  

come from 来自,起源于,从......产生,生于 

come in 进来,进入;流行起来;获名次  

come into being 发生,产生,出现,形成 

come into power 开始执政,当权,当选  

come into use 开始使用,获得应用 

come on 上演;开始;赶快;发展;登台;(问题)被提出 

come to know 开始了解到 

come out 出来,传出;出版;结果是;褪色;(秘密)泄露 

come to 苏醒,复原;共计;达到;归结于  

come to an end 终止,结束 

come true 实现,成为现实;证实  

come up 走近;上楼;长出,发芽


第五类、以do为中心词的词组  

be done in 精疲力竭  

be done with 完全结束  

do a good deed 做一件好事  

do away with 去掉,废除;弄死;浪费  

do good to (= do sb. good ) 有益于  

do harm to (=do sb. good ) 有害于  

do its work 有效,有作用  

do much 极有用  

do wrong to 做错  

do one’s best 尽某人最大努力  

do one’s utmost 尽力而为  

do proud 足以使......骄傲  

do sb. justice 公平对待某人 

do sb. a favor 帮助某人

do well in 学得不错,干得漂亮  

do with 和......相处,忍受,处理  

do without 不需要,不用  

do wonders 创造奇迹  

have much to do with 和......有很大的关系  

have nothing to do with 与......无关 

have something to do with 和......有关  

in doing so = in so doing 这时,在这种情况下 

That will do. 行了;够了


第六类、以get为中心词的词组  

get about 徘徊,走动,旅行;流传  

get above oneself 自视高傲  

get accustomed to 习惯于,对......习以为常  

get across 度过,通过,横过;说服,使理解 

get ahead of 胜过,超过  

get along 前进,进步;同意;离去  

get along with 与......相处  

get at 发现,了解;掌握;攻击 

have got to do 不得不,必须 

get away 离开,逃脱  

get back 取回,回来;报复  

get behind 落后;识破  

get down 咽下;写下;使沮丧,使抑郁  

get down to 认真对待,静下心来  

get familiar with 熟悉  

get hold of 获得,取得   

get in 进入,陷入;牵涉 

get off 送走;脱下(衣服);下车;动身  

get on 上车;穿上;进步,使前进;成功;相处 

get upon with 进步;在......方面获得成功  

get one’s hand in 熟悉;习惯 

get out of 由......出来;避免;退休  

get over 越过;恢复,痊愈;克服;完成 

get ready for 为......作准备  

get rid of 除去,去掉;免除,摆脱  

get through 到达,完成,通过;及格  

get together 积聚,积累;商谈,取得一致意见  

get up 起床,起立;研究,钻研;致力于;安排,组织  

get used to 习惯于


第七类、以give为中心词的词组  

be given to 沉溺于,癖好  

give about 分配;传播  

give and take 相互迁就 

give away 赠送;牺牲;泄露;颁发  

give back 归还  

give cause 给予......的理由 

give ear to 侧耳倾听  

give forth 发出,放出;发表  

give in 屈服,让步,投降 

give in to 同意,接受;向......让步 

give off 发出(烟,气味)  

give oneself out to be / as 自称为 

give oneself up to 专心于;向......自首  

give out 分发,公布  

give place to 让位于,被......所替代  

give rise to 引起,导致;使......发生  

give sb. to understand 通知某人  

give up 放弃;停止  

give way to 让步,退却;屈服于  


第八类、以look为中心词的词组  

look about 四下环顾;查看  

look after 照顾,看管  

look around 东张西望 

look at 注视,着眼于  

look back 回顾  

look for 寻找;期待,期望  

look down on 俯视;轻视  

look forward to 盼望,期待

look into 窥视;调查;浏览  

look like 看起来象  

look on 旁观;面向 

look out 向外看;注意;当心,堤防  

look over 从上面看过去;检查

look through 透过......看去;看穿;浏览  

look up to 仰望,尊敬


第九类、以make为中心词的词组   

be made from 由......原料制成  

be made of 由......材料制成  

be made up of 由......组成 

make a fool of 愚弄,欺骗  

make a mistake 犯错误  

make a point of doing 强调;认为......重要;决心,坚持  

make advantages / use of 使用,利用  

make after 追求,追赶  

make believe 假装  

make certain 确信,把......弄清楚 

make contact with 接通,与......接触,与......联系  

make for 去向,向......前进;有利于 

make friends with 和......交朋友  

make one’s mind on sth. 决定某事  

make one’s own 当作自己的看待  

make oneself at home 随便,别拘束  

make out 填写;开支票;理解;辨认  

make the best of 尽量利用;极为重视 

make up 弥补,修理;赔偿,补偿;起草;编造;化妆  

make up to 接近,巴结;向......求爱  

make way for 为......让路,让路于  

on the make 急求成功;增加  


第十类、以put为中心词的词组  

put aside 把......放在一边;搁置;排除  

put away 把......放好,把......收拾起来;储藏;吃喝,吃掉 

put back 把.....放回原处;驳回  

put down 放下;镇压;制止;记下;削减;降落 

put forward 提出;拨快;建议,推荐;提倡,倡议  

put sth. into 把......放入;插入;翻译成 

put off 推迟,延期;消除;推脱,推辞  

put on 上演;穿上,带上 

put up with 忍受,容忍 

put one’s heart into 全神贯注,专心致志  

put up 举起,挂起;提名,推荐;陈列


第十一类、以take为中心词的词组  

be taken aback 吃惊  

take a seat 就坐 

take a shower 淋浴,洗澡 

take aim 瞄准,设立目标  

take away 拿走,减去;夺去  

take sth. by surprise 出奇制胜 

take one’s place 就坐,入坐 

take care of 当心,注意;照顾;提防;谨慎;处理,对付;负责 

take office 就职,上任  

take sth. for 把......当作 

take off 脱去,除去;离开;起飞;模仿;起程;致死;复制,作副本;减弱 take one’s temperature 量体温  

take part in 参与,参加 

take it easy 别着急,慢慢来 

take place = happen 发生,举行 

take the place of 代替 

take pride in 以......为荣,以......为骄傲  

take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊  


第十二类、以turn为中心词的词组   

give a new turn to 对......予以新的看法  

in one’s turn 轮到某人做某事 

out of turn 不按次序的,不合适宜的  

take one’s turn to do 轮流做某事

turn a blind eye to 对......视而不见  

turn against 背叛,采取敌对态度 

turn back 折回,往回走  

turn down 折叠,翻下,驳回,拒绝考虑 

turn into 走进;变成,变为  

turn to sb. for help 求助于某人

turn off 关上(自来水,电器开关);解雇,辞退;避开(问题);制造;生产 

turn on 打开(自来水,电器开关);反对;依靠,依赖,取决于 

turn one’s attention to 把注意力转向  

turn out 培养;证明是;制成;实际情况是 

turn out to be 原来是,证明是,结果是 

turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页,重新开始,改过自新 

turn (a)round 旋转,转过身来;改变意见;采取新政策 

turn to 变成;着手于  

turn upside down 颠倒过来,翻过来;使陷入混乱


第十三类、以介词为中心词的词组

1. be on show / display / play / sale / strike / duty / trial  


2. be of value / importance / use / no use / color / age / size / height / weight / significance  


3. to one’s joy / surprise / pleasure / astonishment / sorrow / delight  


4. in surprise / wonder / alarm / terror / horror / delight  


5. by air / bicycle / boat / bus / car / letter / post / plane / telephone / train / wire  


6. at daybreak / sunrise / dawn / noon/ dark / night 


7. out of breath / control / question / sight  


8. in fact / reality / substance / nature / practice / theory / short / brief / a word / detail / all / average / full / time / fashion / existence / turn / vain / haste / appearance / common / sum/  general / particular / public / secret / order / part / power / stock / case / bed / future / name / addition / sight  


9. on duty / shift / holiday / leave / business / purpose / time / sale / show / board / hand / record / request / root / earth / farm / principle  


10. for example / instance / all / good / nothing / convenience / short / fear / sale 


11. by weight ( volume; size; number... ) / profession / definition / rule / turn / chance/ accident/  mistake / hand / train ( bus; taxi; ship; boat...) / air / land / force / day / nature / sight  


12. at most / least / best / worst / once / first / last / home / school / will ( at will:任意) / work /  night / midnight / daybreak / dawn / present / length / large


13. as above / below / following / over / usual / before / a matter of fact  


14. above all / measure / normal  


15. before all / long / time / now / then  


16. after all / class / school  


17. out of action / order / condition / use / operation / step / joint / repair/ gear / balance / range/  doubt / date / danger / hand / shape / place / question / stock /  


18. with caution / interest / difficulty / ease / advantage / effect / reason / vigor / reserve / success / confidence  


19. beyond comprehension / conception / description / expression / doubt / control / reach / power / measure / grasp / compare / controversy / dispute / hope / example  


20. under age / discussion / test / way / repair 


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