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—————————单词表—————————
Earth 地球
quiz 知识竞赛，小测验
pattern 模式，形式
protect 保护
report 报告
part 部分
land 陆地
field 田地，田野
large 大的
provide 提供
pollution 污染
burn 燃烧
energy 能量，能源
pollute 污染
into 到……里面，进入
ground 地面
kill 杀死
must 必须
important 重要的
fact 事实
kilometre 公里，千米
own 自己的
catch 捕捉
few 不多，很少
away 去别处，朝另一个方向
problem 问题，难题
provide…with… 为……提供……
put…into… 把……倒入……
throw away 扔掉
沪教牛津版初中英语七年级上册 Unit 3 课文
重点词组
1.on Earth 在地球上
2.stop doing 停止做某事
3.provide...with... 为……提供……
4.put...into... 把……倒入……
5.throw away 扔掉
6.lift...up 将……抬起
7.keep...alive 让……活着
重点句型：
1.there be (is/are)….
2. some are… and some are….
3. it is + adj + for sb + to do …
4. make/keep + adj
可数 vs 不可数名词
可数名词：集体名词如：people,
单复数同形名词如：sheep、fish、deer等
常考不可数名词：music, news, paper, advice, information, weather
可数、不可数名词的数量修饰：
some, many / much, a lot of, a few / little , few / little 等
There be 句型
There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词
There are + 复数可数名词
“就近原则”原则：
动词be的形式要和最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致；另外，还必须注意不可数名词用作主语时，动词be应用单数形式。
例：There is a book and some pens on the desk
拓展：there be（某地有某物） 与 have/has(某人有…) 的用法区别
“There be…”句式和have均可表示“有”的意思，但用法有别。“There be…”表示“在某处有……”，意为“存在有”；而have却表示“某人/某物有……”，意为“某人/某物拥有……”。
一、单选题（共15题；）
1）选出与划线部分意思相近的一项。
（ ）1.—When do we hand in the homework?
—We have to hand in our homework on time.
—Please help me put the milk into the bottle on the table.2·1·c·n·j·y
（ ）3.—Why do you often take an umbrella?
—Because it can protect me from the rain.
A. make B. give C. keep
（ ）4.—What is it?
—It may be a well-known fact, but I don t know it.
A. dream B. truth C. story
（ ）5.What problems do we have?
A. questions B. trouble C. answers
（ ）6.I have a few friends here.
A. many B. a lot of C. several
（ ）7.Don t throw away the waste paper.
A. throw about
B. throw at
C. throw into
（ ）8.The dustman comes once a week to collect the rubbish.
A. money B. ideas C. garbage
2）选出最适合横线上的选项
（ ）9.The boys have got ________ already for his breakfast.
A. two bread
B. two breads
C. two pieces of bread
（ ）10.I was so thirsty after playing basketball for an hour and bought _____ to drink.
A. two bottles of orange juice
B. two bottle of orange juice
C. two bottles of oranges juice
（ ）11.There ______ many new books in your room. But I _____ only one.
A. have; have
B. is; have
C. are; have
（ ）12.People ________ a lot of rubbish every day.
A. put on
B. throw away
C. put into
（ ）13.We stop ________, but there is not any sound.
A. to listen B. listens C. listen
（ ）14.—Are there ________ cakes on the table?
—Yes, there are ________.
A. some; some
B. any; some
C. some; any【版权所有：21教育】
（ ）15.—How do you study for a test?
—______ working with friends.
A. By B. With C. On
二、填空题（共10题；）
16.Jane is new here, so she has f________ friends.
17.This is my o________ room.
18.We should set up more nature reserves to p________ wild animals.
19.There are many people in my family. I think we need a l________ house to live in.
20.The birds usually c________ the insects (昆虫) as their food.
21.When summer comes, the day is getting ________ and ________. (long)
22.Simon has different ________ (type) of books. www-2-1-cnjy-com
23.Air ________ (pollute) is a big problem in the world.
24.What can you do ________ (solve) the problems?
25.Water covers about three ________ (quarter) of the area.
三、完形填空（共1题；）
26.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给三个选项（A、B、C）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Qian Lei is a student of Class Two, Grade Seven. He is twelve years old. He often wastes (浪费) 1 at home and at school. The teacher worries about him and asks his father 2 with him.2-1-c-n-j-y
One evening, 3 supper his father asks him," How do you like the vegetables and the meat?" "Oh, they are just so so. They 4 delicious."
"They are delicious, I think," says his father." When I was at your age, I went to school 5 every day. It was ten kilometres from my home to the school. I had 6 bike, no pencil box. I couldn t eat ice cream. There weren t TV sets, fridges, washing machines 7 any other electrical appliances (电器) in my home. After school I had to do a lot of housework 8 my parents. When your grandparents were at your age, they couldn t go to 9 because they were very poor. They had only a little food and they had to do a lot of hard work. There was no light, telephone or radio in their home."
"Didn t they have a telephone or a radio?" says the boy. "Why didn t they 10 some money from the bank to buy these things? I don t believe you."
The father doesn t say anything.
1. A. water | B. food | C. time |
2. A. to tell | B. to talk | C. talks |
3. A. after | B. for | C. with |
4. A. don t | B. can t | C. aren t |
5. A. by bike | B. by plane | C. on foot |
6. A. no | B. any | C. many |
7. A. or | B. and | C. but |
8. A. to help | B. help | C. helping |
9. A. factory | B. farm | C. school |
10. A. bring | B. get | C. carry |
四、阅读理解（共2题；）
27.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join "environment clubs". In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean.21·世纪*教育网
●No-garbage lunches. How much do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school!21*cnjy*com
●No-car day. On the no-car day, nobody comes to school by car—not the students or not the teachers! Cars give pollution to the air, so remember:【出处：21教育名师】
Walk, jump, bike or run.
Use your legs! It s lots of fun!
●Turn off the water! Did you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty liters (升) of water an hour? In a year that would fill a small river! In environment clubs, students mend those broken toilets.
We love our environment. Let s work together to make it clean.
（ ）（1）Environment clubs ask students ________.
B. not to throw away lunch bags
C. to go to school by car every day
D. to do exercise every day
（ ）（2）From the passage, we know the students usually have lunch ________.
A. in clubs B. at home
C. at school D. in restaurants
（ ）（3）On the no-car day, ________ will take a car to school.
A. both students and teachers
B. some students
C. neither students nor teachers
D. some teacherswww.21-cn-jy.com
（ ）（4）After students mend toilets, they save ________.
A. much water B. a lot of money
C. a long river D. a toilet
（ ）（5）The writer wrote the passage to ask students to ________.
A. walk to school every day
B. help teachers
C. bring their lunches in bags
D. make less pollution
28.阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Look at the following. It shows a cross-section (横截面) of a mountain and the land on each side of it. The sea is on the west side of the mountain.
In January, February and March, warm wet winds blow strongly across the sea towards (朝) the mountain. The winds pick up moisture (湿气) as they blow across the sea. When clouds reach the mountain, they rise and become cooler. The higher they have to go, the cooler they become. The moisture in the clouds turns to rain. As a result, the clouds drop rain on the west side of the mountain. Some of the clouds pass over the mountain, but there is little rain in them.
In July and August, strong winds blow from G towards the mountain. They pass over a wide desert, where it is always very hot. The winds become hot and dry. They rise when they meet the mountain. They do not form clouds because there is no moisture in the hot air.
The diagram shows why there are wonderful farms on one side of the mountain, but there is a desert on the other side.
（ ）（1）Suppose (假设) it is in the northern part of the Earth, which season is dry?
A. Spring. B. Winter.
C. Autumn. D. Summer.
（ ）（2）After reading the passage, what is the most important cause of the rain?
A. The mountain. B. The clouds.
C. The sea. D. The desert.
（ ）（3）Why do NOT the winds from G form clouds?
A. Because there is no moisture in the hot air.
B. Because the winds don t pass over the desert.
C. Because the winds are not strong enough.
D. Because the winds don t reach the mountain.
（ ）（4）From the passage we know ________.
A. point G is to the west of point A
B. there is little rain on the east side of the mountain
C. when the winds meet the mountain, they always form clouds
D. the higher the clouds go, the warmer they become
五、书面表达（共1题；）
29.地球是我们的家园，但是人们乱砍树木，乱扔垃圾，使我们的家园变脏，空气质量变差。我们应该保护地球。请你根据以下提示,写一篇题为"How to protect the Earth"的短文。60词左右。
提示：①不随地扔垃圾；②种植更多的树木；③出行尽量骑自行车或坐公交车。
How to protect the Earth
The Earth is our home, and we should protect it. … I think we should try our best to protect the Earth.
答案解析部分
一、单选题
1. C
解：句意：——我们什么时候上交作业？——我们必须按时上交作业。A.可以；B.将；C.必须。have to意思是不得不，必须，故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析，注意平时识记同义词。
2. A
解：句意：——我可以为你做什么？——请帮助我把牛奶倒进桌子上的瓶子里。A.把牛奶倒进；B.带着牛奶离开；C.分发牛奶。put the milk into意思是把牛奶倒进，故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析，注意平时识记意思相近的短语。
3. C
解：句意：——你为什么经常带伞？——因为它可以保护我避免淋雨。A.让；B.给；C.保持。protect意思是保护，protect sb. from sth.=keep sb. from sth.，保护某人免受……的伤害，故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先理解句意，然后结合选项及固定搭配选出意思相近的单词
4. B
解：句意：——它是什么？——它可能是一个著名的真理，但是我不知道它。A.梦想；B.事实；C.故事。fact意思是事实、真理，故选B。
【点评】考查词义辨析，注意平时识记fact的同义词truth。
5. B
解：句意：我们遇到什么问题？A.问题，疑问，（待讨论或处理的）事情；B.麻烦；C.答案。problem，棘手的问题，难题，故选B。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先理解选项意思，与题目划线的单词或短语做比较，找出意义相近的一项。
6. C
解：句意：我在这有一些朋友。A.许多；B.许多；C.几个；a few，几个，一些，故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析，注意理解选项意思，选出与划线部分相同或相近的一项。
7. A
解：句意：不要扔掉废纸。A.扔掉；B.扔向；C.扔进。throw about，扔掉，故选A。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意理解选项意思，理解句意。
8. C
解：句意：清洁工一周来一次收集垃圾。A.钱；B.注意，想法；C.垃圾。rubbish，垃圾，故选C。
【点评】考查词义辨析。注意理解选项，选出与划线部分意思相同的一项。
9. C
解：句意：那些男孩早餐已经吃了两块面包。bread面包，不可数名词，其前不能接具体的数词，故排除AB，表达不可数名词数量，用数词+量词+of+不可数名词，当数词大于1时，量词用其复数形式，piece片，块，a piece of bread一块面包，根据three，可知piece用其复数形式，故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配及不可数名词的量的表达。注意句子涉及到数词+量词+of+不可数名词的用法。
10. A
解：句意：打了一个小时的篮球后，我口渴极了，买了两瓶橙汁喝。orange juice，橙汁，不可数名词词组，不可数名词的计量方法是数词+量词+of+不可数名词，根据two，可知数词bottle要用复数形式bottles，故选A。
【点评】考查名词作定语修饰名词是要用单数和可数名词复数的用法。注意表示数量的名词短语用法。
11. C
解：句意：在你房间里有许多新书，但是我仅仅有一本。there be表示有……，主语是复数books，所以be用are。时态是一般现在时，主语是 I，所以用动词原形have，故选C。
【点评】考查there be结构和动词原形，注意根据主语确定。
12. B
解：句意：人们每天都扔掉许多垃圾。A.穿上；B.扔掉；C.放进。应该是每天扔掉很多垃圾，故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意理解选项，理解句意。
13. A
解：句意：我们停下来听，但没有任何声音。根据下文 but there is not any sound. 可知是听的结果。要用stop to do sth.停下来做某事，固定搭配，故选A。
【点评】考查动词stop to do sth.固定搭配。注意动词不定式做目的状语。
14. B
解：句意：——桌子上有蛋糕吗？——是的，有一些。some一些，常用于肯定句中，any一些，常用于疑问句和否定句中，上句为一般疑问句，用表一些，用any，答句为肯定句，表一些，用some，故选B。
【点评】考查some与any的辨析。注意some和any的用法。
15. A
解：句意： ——你怎么样为考试而学习？ ——通过和朋友一起学习。A：By通过，表示借助某种方式；B：With带有，与......一起；C：On关于，强调内容。根据疑问词how，询问方式，故选A。
【点评】考查介词辨析。理解介词词义和用法，根据语境，选择正确的介词。
二、填空题
16. few
解：句意：Jane是新来的，所以她几乎没有没有。因为是新来的，所以几乎没有朋友。few，几乎没有，表示否定，修饰可数名词复数，故填few。
【点评】考查形容词拼写，注意平时识记few的用法，理解句意。
17. own
解：句意：这是我自己的房间。one s own，某人自己的，固定搭配，故填own。
【点评】考查形容词拼写，注意平时识记one s own。
18. protect
解：句意：我们应该建立更多的自然保护区来保护野生动物。根据 We should set up more nature reserves 和首字母，可知建立自然保护区的目的就是保护野生动物，protect，保护，及物动词，故填protect。
【点评】考查动词protect的拼写。根据语境和首字母，填写正确的词。
19. large
解：句意：我家有很多人。我想我们需要一个大房子住。根据上文 There are many people in my family. 和首字母，可知家里人数多，需要大房子居住，large，大的（面积），形容词。空格后有可数名词house，要用形容词修饰作定语，故填large。
【点评】考查形容词large的拼写。根据语境和首字母及语法结构，写出正确的词形。
20. catch
解：句意：鸟通常扑捉昆虫作为自己的食物。句子缺少谓语动词，结合单词首字母提示和 the insects (昆虫) as their food.可知，应该是扑捉昆虫作自己的食物，用catch，抓，动词，根据usually，可知用一般现在时，主语是the birds，动词用原形，故填catch。
【点评】考查动词的时态和形式。注意一般现在时的用法。
21. longer；longer
解：句意：当夏天来临时，白天会变得越来越长。根据常识可知，夏天白天会变得越来越长，形容词比较级+and+比较级，表示越来越……，long，长的，longer and longer，越来越长，故填longer，longer。
【点评】考查形容词的比较级。注意句子涉及到比较级and+比较级的用法。
22. types
解：句意：西蒙有不同类型的书。type，种类，可数名词。空格前有形容词different，不同的，后接可数名词复数types，故填types。
【点评】考查可数名词复数用法。根据句子语法结构确定所给词的正确形式。
23. pollution
解：句意：空气污染是世界上的一大问题。由句子结构可知缺少主语，动词pollute的名pollution，不可数名词，没有复数。故填pollution。
【点评】考查词性转化。根据句子结构确定空格处所缺词的词性和词形，把所给词的转化为所需要的形式。
24. to solve
解：句意：你怎样解决这道数学题。solve，解决，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to solve。
【点评】考查动词的形式。注意句子涉及到到动词不定式作目的状语的用法。
25. quarters
解：句意：水覆盖了大约四分之三的区域。分数的表达方法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母要用序数词的复数形式。3/4，分母quarter要用复数quarters。故填quarters。
【点评】考查分数表达方法。掌握分子与分母的对应关系。
三、完形填空
26. （1）B；（2）B；（3）A；（4）C；（5）C；（6）A；（7）A；（8）A；（9）C；（10）B；
解：文章大意：钱磊不知道珍惜粮食，于是爸爸给他讲述了他小时候的一些事情，提醒钱磊要爱惜粮食。
（1）句意：他经常在家里和学校浪费食物。A 水；B 食物；C 时间。根据下文语句How do you like the vegetables and the meat?"提示可知，他们谈论的是食物，故选B。
（2）句意：老师很担心他，请他父亲和他谈谈。A 告诉；B 交谈；C 谈论。固定短语ask sb. to do sth.，要求某人做某事；C被排除；又因talk with sb.，固定短语，与某人交谈，故选B。
（3）句意：一天晚上，晚饭后，父亲问他：“你喜欢蔬菜和肉吗？”A 之后；B 为了；C 一起。根据下文语句How do you like the vegetables and the meat?"提示可知，只有饭后才能提问这样的问题，故选A。
（4）句意：哦，他们就是这样。它们不好吃。”A 助动词do的否定形式；B 情态动词can的否定形式；C 系动词are的否定形式，根据题干中的delicious可知，前面应该是系动词，故选C。
（5）句意：当我在你这个年纪的时候，我每天步行上学。A 骑自行车；B 坐飞机；C 步行。根据下文语句I had no bike, no pencil box. I couldn t eat ice cream. 可知，我步行上学，故选C。
（6）句意：我没有自行车，没有铅笔盒。我不能吃冰淇淋。A 没有；B 一些，用于否定句中；C 一些，其后跟可数名词复数形式。由bike可以排除C；I have any bike不符合英语语法排除B，故选A。
（7）句意：我家里没有电视机、冰箱、洗衣机或其他电器。A 或者，和，用语否定句中；B 和，用于肯定句；C 但是，表示转折。根据语句中的There weren t TV sets, fridges, washing machines…提示可知，当时家里没有任何的家用电器，表示并列，且在否定句中，故选A。
（8）句意：放学后我不得不做很多家务来帮助我的父母。分析句式结构可知，我们做家务D目的就是帮助父母，在英语中常用动词不定式作目的状语，故选A。
（9）句意：当你的祖父母在你这个年纪的时候，他们不能上学，因为他们很穷。A 工厂；B 农场；C 学校。根据下文语句they were very poor. 提示可知，他们不能去上学，故选C。
（10）句意：他们为什么不从银行里弄点钱来买这些东西？A 带来；B 取，得到；C 搬，扛。从银行取钱要用get，故选B。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
四、阅读理解
27. （1）B（2）C（3）C（4）A（5）D
解：主要讲了许多学生加入环境俱乐部一起工作让我们的环境干净。
（1）细节题。根据How much do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again.可知环境俱乐部让学生用可以再次使用的袋子带午饭，不乱扔垃圾，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据How much do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again.Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school!可知环境俱乐部让学生用可以再次使用的袋子带午饭，每周环境俱乐部选择制造垃圾最少的班级，并且公布学校，所以在学校吃午饭，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据No-car day. On the no-car day, nobody comes to school by car—not the students or not the teachers!可知学生和老师都不坐车上学，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据Did you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty liters (升) of water an hour?可知厕所一小时浪费20到40升水，学生修理厕所可以节约水，故选A。
（5）细节题。根据many students help their schools make less pollution.可知目的是让学生制造更少的污染，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
28. （1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B
解：文章大意：本文主要通过山脉的横截面图的地理知识来介绍我们为什么山的一面是富饶的农场，而另一面是是沙漠。
（1）推理判断题。由In July and August, strong winds blow from G towards the mountain. They pass over a wide desert, where it is always very hot. The winds become hot and dry. They rise when they meet the mountain. They do not form clouds because there is no moisture in the hot air. 在七月和八月，强风从G吹向山。他们经过一片广阔的沙漠，那里总是很热。风变得又热又干。他们遇到山就起来了。它们不会形成云，因为热空气中没有水分。可以推知夏季气候炎热，不会形成云，不会降水，气候就会干燥。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。由warm wet winds blow strongly across the sea towards (朝) the mountain. The winds pick up moisture (湿气) as they blow across the sea. When clouds reach the mountain, they rise and become cooler. The higher they have to go, the cooler they become. The moisture in the clouds turns to rain. As a result, the clouds drop rain on the west side of the mountain. 可以推知降雨是因为云中含有湿气，而湿气是由于风吹过海面时会吸收湿气 ，所以降雨最重要的原因是海洋，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。由 The winds become hot and dry. They rise when they meet the mountain. They do not form clouds because there is no moisture in the hot air.可知因为热空气中没有水分，它们不会形成云。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。由As a result, the clouds drop rain on the west side of the mountain. Some of the clouds pass over the mountain, but there is little rain in them.可知云在山的西侧降下了雨。有些云从山上飘过，但很少下雨。可知在山的东侧很少降雨，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
五、书面表达
29. How to protect the Earth
The Earth is our home, and we should protect it. We should stop polluting our Earth and try to make it clean. There are many ways to protect the Earth. First, I think we should not throw away rubbish everywhere. Second, I think we should plant more trees. Trees can make the air clean and make the world beautiful. Third, we should try to ride bikes or take buses. I think we should try our best to protect the Earth.
解：这是一篇说明文写作题， 题目为How to protect the Earth，通过分析可知时态用一般现在时，人称以第一人称单复数形式的口吻来叙述。文章首先介绍地球是我们的家园，我们应该保护它。然后介绍通过哪些举措来保护它。
【点评】在写作的时候，注意紧扣主题，连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，同时注意准确运用时态，语言的表述应该符合语法的结构。造句应该符合英语的表达习惯。为了使文章更通顺完整，需要用上适当的连接词，尽力使用自己熟悉单词句式，确保正确率。另外，可以用上一些句型、短语、较高级的语言，文章可以使用的短语如：stop polluting；try to make it clean；There are many ways to；throw away rubbish everywhere；plant more trees；make the world beautiful；try to ride bikes or take buses；try our best to protect等等，且使用了first，second，third等使文章增色不少。文章层次清楚，内容饱满，表达流畅。
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