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France n.法国 [frɑːns]
French adj.法国的 [frentʃ]
flag n.旗帜 [flæɡ]
wine n.葡萄酒 [waɪn]
tick v.标记号，打上勾 [tɪk]
possible adj.可能的 [ˈpɒsəbl]
Europe n.欧洲 [ˈjʊərəp]
store n.（大型）百货商店 [stɔː]
vineyard n.葡萄园
excellent adj.优秀的 ['eksələnt]
south n.南方，南部 [saʊθ]
lie v.位于，坐落于 [laɪ]
coast n.海岸，海滨 [kəʊst]
perfect adj.完美的 [kwestʃəˈneə]
prefer v.更喜欢 [prɪ'fɜː]
ski v.滑雪 [skiː]
tower n.塔 [ˈtaʊə]
finish v.完成 ['fɪnɪʃ]
lift n.电梯，升降机 [lɪft]
step n.台阶 [step]
stairs n.[pl.]楼梯
receiver n.接收者 [rɪˈsiːvə]
date n.日期 [deɪt]
greeting n.问候 [ˈɡriːtɪŋ]
address n.地址 [ə'dres]
（be）famous for 以...而闻名
department store 百货商店
prefer to 更喜欢
go on holiday 去度假
go sightseeing 去观光
France is calling
法国在召唤
France is in Western Europe.
法国在欧洲西方。
It is a country with many beautiful places.
它是一个有很多美丽地方的国家。
Paris is the capital of France.
巴黎是法国的首都。
Here you will find many famous places of interest such as the Eiffel Tower.
在这里你会发现很多诸如埃菲尔铁塔之类的名胜古迹。
You can go to the Louvre Museum if you like art.
如果你喜欢艺术的话你可以去卢浮宫。
The most famous street in Paris is the Champs-Elysees.
法国最著名的街是香榭丽舍大道。
This is the place to go if you want to visit some shops and department stores.
如果你想参观商店和百货店，这就是你要去的地方。
France is very famous for its wine.
法国的红酒非常著名。
There are many vineyards in the centre of France and farmers grow grapes to make excellent French wine.
在法国中心有很多葡萄园，农民在这里种植葡萄以酿造优质的法国红酒。
The south of France lies on the coast, and it is famous for its wonderful beaches.
法国的南部坐落在海岸上，它以其美丽的海滩著名。
A French town by the sea is the perfect place for a summer holiday,
海边的法国城镇是夏日度假的完美之地，
but if you prefer to visit France in winter, you can try skiing on the mountains in the French Alps.
但是如果你更想在冬天参观法国的话，你可以试着在法属阿尔卑斯山脉滑雪。
France has something for everyone, so why not visit France this year?
法国对每个人都有可供游览的价值，所以为什么不今年就去参观法国呢？
The Leaning Tower of Pisa
比萨斜塔
The Tower of Pisa is one of the most beautiful bell towers in Italy.
比萨塔是意大利最美丽的钟塔之一。
It is not only beautiful, but also strange-it leans to one side.
它不仅美丽，而且很奇怪--它向一边倾斜。
Today it is known as "the Leaning Tower of Pisa".
今天它以"比萨斜塔"著称。
The building of the tower began in 1173.
塔的建造始于1173年。
It took nearly 200 years to complete.
它花了将近200年才完工。
In 1178, when the building got to the third floor, it started to lean.
1178年，当建到第三层的时候，它开始倾斜。
The builders tried to make the tower straight again when they built the upper floors, but failed.
建造者在建造上面的楼层时尝试把塔弄正，但是失败了。
Over the years, the tower has continued to lean further.
数年之后，塔开始继续倾斜。
Experts have done a lot of studies and tried to "rescue" the tower.
专家做了很多研究并试图拯救此塔。
In 1990, it was closed to the public for safety reasons.
1990年，它因为安全问题向公众关闭了。
After a lot of effort, it reopened in 2001.
经过很多努力后，它于2001年重开。
Hopefully it will be safe for at least the next 300 years.
希望在以后至少300年里它会安全。
1.around prep. “围绕；在……周围”
Eg.The earth goes around the sun.
adv.“大约；到处”
Eg.The bag is around three kilos.
I found nobody around.
2.be silly to do sth. = It’s silly of sb. to do sth.
Eg. You are silly to spend so much money on clothes.
= It’s silly of you to spend so much money on clothes.
3.French adj. 法国的， 法国人的；法语的
The French (=French people) like delicious food.
4.famous 比 well-known 知名度更高
Eg.This book is not only well-known, but also famous.
5.west n. “西，西方，西部”
Western adj. “西面的；西部的”
6.places of interest 名胜古迹
7.such as 列举整体之中的部分同类事物；插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间；后面不可有逗号；后接名词或名词词组，可与and son on连用
for example 用来举例说明；在句中作插入语，置于句首、句中、句末；后面需有逗号
Eg.I visited some cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Dalian.
I’d like to keep a pet, for example, a dog.
8.be famous for 因……而闻名
be famous as 以……（身份）而出名
Eg.China is famous for the Great Wall.
Mark Twin was famous as a story writer.
主语 是人 | be famous for | 因作品或特征而出名 |
be famous as | 作为某种身份而出名 | |
主语是地点 | be famous for | 因某种特点（产品、建筑、名胜）而出名 |
be famous as | 以什么产地/地方而出名 |
Eg.He is famous for his great inventions.
He is famous as a great inventor.
France is famous for its fine food and wine.
The town is famous as a wine-producing place.
9.excellent adj. = very good , wonderful
be excellent at/in sth. 在某方面优秀
10.make wine 酿造葡萄酒
be made by sb. 由某人制成 Eg.This coat was made by my mother.
be made of sth. 由……制成（能看出原材料）
Eg.Our desks are made of wood.
be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料）
Eg.This kind of paper is made from grass.
be made into 被制成……
Eg.Wood can be made into many kinds of furniture.
be made in 在……地方制作或生产
Eg.This kind of car is made in Shenzhen.
11.on the coast 在海岸线上，在海岸
along the coast 沿海岸线
on the beach 在海滩上
along the beach 沿海滩
by the sea 在海边，靠海
by sea 经海陆，乘船
12.by 就在身边，比near距离更近一些
Eg.we spend the holiday by the sea.
near不明确的附近、不远处
Eg.We spend the holiday near the sea.
13.prefer to do sth. = like to do sth. better
更喜欢做某事
prefer +名词/动名词
prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B
prefer to do sth. rather than (to) do sth.
更愿意……，不愿……
Eg. He prefers to walk in the rain.
I prefer to spend the weekend at home.
Do you prefer meat or fish?
I prefer dogs to cats.
I prefer to go shopping rather than stay at home.
=I prefer going shopping to staying at home.
14.try doing sth. 尝试着去做某事；经常表示建议做某事
try to do sth 努力设法去做某事，试图、尽力做某事
Eg.He tried to climb the tree, but he could not.
Why don’t you try listening to some light music.
15.Why not ask for your teacher’s help?= Why don’t you ask for your teacher’s help.
16.in fact 事实上，实际上 作状语，强调或订正前句
17.metres+tall 人物 metres+high 建筑物
18.almost = nearly
19.go to +地点名词 到达某处
同义表达：arrive at/in; reach
Eg. He gets to school at 7:00 every day.
= He arrives at school at 7:00 every day.
= He reaches school at 7:00 every day.
20.take a lift = go by lift
专有名词
(1) 专有名词可表示的名称：
人名 如：Jenny
地名 如：China
节日名称 如：the Spring festival
星期名称 如：Sunday
月份名称 如：May
组织机构名称 如：the Red Cross
书籍报刊名称 如：China Daily
(2) 注意事项：
① 一般情况，专有名词的第一个字母大写，前面不能用不定冠词“a”或“an”，通常没复数形式。
Eg：Beijing is the capital of China.
② 有时专有名词可以转化成普通名词，转化后它具有普通名词的特性，可以在其面前加不定冠词“a” ，也可以在其词尾加表示复数形式的“s”。
Eg：A Mr Green called just now.
③ 姓氏是专有名词，一般情况下，没复数形式，前面也不能加定冠词“the”。但如果姓氏前面加定冠词“the”，并后面加上“s”时。则表示“一家人”（其谓语用复数）。
Eg: The Blacks are having dinner.
④ 有些专有名词表面上看是复数形式，但实际使用中谓语动词通常用单数形式。
Eg: The United States is in America.
连词and,but,so的用法
◆and的六点用法◆
(1) 表示联合，意为“和”、“又”、“而且”：
We were cold and hungry. 我们饥寒交迫。
1) I woke up and got out of bed. 我醒了就起床了。
2) He played the piano and she sang. 他弹钢琴，她唱歌。
(2) 有时用于连接两个相同的词语，表示连续性：
1) The train ran faster and faster. 火车开得越来越快。
2) We waited for hours and hours. 我们一直等了好几个小时。
3) The boys laughed and laughed. 这些孩子笑个不停。
【注】但有时连接两个相同名词表示不同的质量和种类：
There are dictionaries and dictionaries. 词典很多，有好有坏。
(3) 在口语中用在 come, go, run, stay, stop, try 等之后表示目的，大致相当于不定式符号 to：
Come and have tea with me. 过来跟我一起喝杯茶。
We ought to stop and think. 我们应该停下来想一想。
(4) 有时用在祈使句后，表示结果，意为“那么”：
Work hard and you’ll succeed. 努力干吧，你会成功的。
Arrive late once more and you’re fired. 你再迟一次，你就会被开除。
比较：If you work hard, you’ll succeed. 如果你努力干，你会成功的。
(5) 有时表示对比(有类似but的意思)：
He is rich, and(yet) leads a modest life. 他很富有，但却过着朴素的生活。
Robert is secretive and David is candid. 罗伯特深藏不露，而戴维则有啥说啥。
(6) 用在 good, nice, fine 等之后，表示“很”，“挺”：
It’s nice and cool under the tree. 这树下很凉快。
The book is good and expensive. 这本书很贵。
◆but的用法举例◆
1. 连接词或短语
It was a sunny but not very warm day. 那一天天气晴朗，却不太暖和。
He drives not carefully but slowly. 他开车不是很小心，而是开得很慢。
2. 连接句子
This isn’t a good one but it will answer. 这不太好，但可以将就用。
He looks honest, but actually he’s a rogue. 他看起来很老实，实际他是一个坏蛋。
She has had no answer to him but he gave no answer. 我向他说了早上好，但他没有回应。
Mrs. Brown was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. 布朗夫人正要开始讲话，珍妮先讲了。
At first he was alittle shy, but now he acts more natural. 开始时他有些腼腆但现在他表现得很自然了。
There was a little trouble at first, but things were soon quiet. 起初有点小麻烦后来情况就平静了。
3. 用于句首
But there’s one thing we are agreed on. 但有一点大家的意见是一致的。
4. 用于道歉的表达之后
I’m frightfully sorry, but I can’t see you today. 太对不起了，我今天不能见你。
Excuse me, but Idon’t think that’s quite true. 很抱歉，我认为这与事实略有出入。
5. 用于not…but…，表示“不是……而是……”
Not you but I am to blame. 不是你的错而是我的错。
6. 用在某些否定语后，表示“只……”：
He eats nothing but hamburgers. 他只吃汉堡包。
She knows no one but you. 她只认识你。
You have nobody but yourself to blame. 只能怪你自己。
No one but me saw her. 只有我看见他。
7. 用于next (last) but one 中，表示“隔壁再过去”“倒数第……”
He lives in the next house but one. 他住在隔壁再过去一家。
He was the last but one to arrive. 他是倒数第二个到的。
8. can’t helpbut 不由得不……
You can’t help but respect them. 你不由得不尊敬他们。
I can’t help but wonder what I should do next. 我不由得不想知道下一步该怎么办。
【注意】不要按汉语意思将“虽然…但是…”直译为although…but…：
误：Though we are poor, but we are happy. (去掉though或but中任一个)
◆ so作连词用，意为“因而”、“所以”、“为了”、“以便”等。例如：
Wang Tao's pen was broken, so he needed a new one. 王涛的钢笔坏了，所以他需要买枝新的。
注意：用英语表达“因为……，所以……”时，用了because就不能再用so，用了so就不能再用because。
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