新概念英语第三册课文听力视频精讲Lesson45 The power of the press
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新概念英语
第三册
Lesson 45 The power of the press
新闻报道的威力
（一）书本
In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned.
在民主国家里，任何限制新闻自由的企图都理所当然地受到谴责。
However, this freedom can easily be abused.
然而，这种自由很容易被滥用。
Stories about people often attract far more public attention than political events.
常人轶事往往比政治事件更能引起公众注意。
Though we may enjoy reading about the lives of others, it is extremely doubtful whether we would equally enjoy reading about ourselves.
我们都喜欢看关于别人生活的报道，但是否同样喜欢看关于自己生活的报道，就很难说了。
Acting on the contention that facts are sacred,
记者按事实至上的论点行事，
reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives.
发表有关别人生活的细节，有时会给当事人造成极大的痛苦。
Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people
新闻具有巨大的威力。它们不仅可以给寻常人家的生活带来重大的变化，
but can even overthrow a government.
甚至还能推翻一个政府。
The story of a poor family that acquired fame and fortune overnight, dramatically illustrates the power of the press.
下面这户穷人一夜之间出名发财的故事戏剧性地说明了新闻报道威力。
The family lived in Aberdeen, a small town of 23,000 inhabitants in South Dakota.
这户人家住在南达科他州一个人口为23，000 的小镇上，镇名为阿拜丁。
As the parents had five children, life was a perpetual struggle against poverty.
家里已有5个孩子，全家人常年在贫困中挣扎。
They were expecting their sixth child and were faced with even more pressing economic problems.
第6个孩子即将问世，他们面临着更为严峻的经济问题。
If they had only had one more child, the fact would have passed unnoticed.
如果他们只添了1个孩子，这件事本来就不会引起任何人的注意。
They would have continued to struggle against economic odds and would have lived in obscurity.
这家人会继续为克服经济上的拮据而奋斗，并默默无闻地活下去。
But they suddenly became the parents of quintuplets, four girl and a boy, an event which radically changed their lives.
但是他们出人意料生了个五胞胎，4女1男。这事使他们的生活发生了根本的变化。
The day after the birth of the five children, an aeroplane arrived in Aberdeen bringing sixty reporters and photographers.
五胞胎降生第二天，一架飞机飞抵阿拜丁，随机带来60名记者与摄影师。
The rise to fame was swift.
这一家迅速出了名。
Television cameras and newspapers carried the news to everyone in the country.
电视摄像机和报纸把消息传送到全国。
Newspapers and magazines offered the family huge sums for the exclusive rights to publish stories and photographs.
报纸、杂志出高价向他们购买文字、图片的独家报道权。
Gifts poured in not only from unknown people, but from baby food and soap manufacturers who wished to advertise their products.
不但素昧平生的人寄来了大量的礼物，而且婴儿食品、婴儿肥皂制造厂商为了替自己产品做广告也寄来了大量的礼物。
The old farmhouse the family lived in was to be replaced by a new $500,000 home.
这家人住的旧家舍将由一座价值50万美元的新住宅所取代。
Reporters kept pressing for interviews so lawyers had to be employed to act as spokesmen for the family at press conferences.
由于记者纷纷要求会见，他们不得不请了律师充当他们家的发言人举行记者招待会。
While the five babies were still quietly sleeping in oxygen tents in a hospital nursery,
眼下，五胞胎还静静地躺在医院婴儿室的氧气帐里，
their parents were paying the price for fame.
他们的父母却为这名声付出了代价，
It would never again be possible for them to lead normal lives.
他们再也无法过正常的生活。
They had become the victims of commercialization, for their names had acquired a market value.
他们成了商业化的受害者，因为他们的名字具有了市场价值。
Instead of being five new family members, these children had immediately become a commodity.
这些孩子立即成了商品，而不是5个新的家庭成员。
笔记
New words and expression 生词和短语
democratic adj.民主的democratic country民主的国家
restrict vt.限制=keep within a certain limit.
--The prisoners’ activity is restricted within narrow limits.
辨析
limit 表示时间,空间,程序等方面的限定,且限定到某一个点,如果超出这个点很可能受到惩罚。
restrict只说明限制范围
--Land development must be limited.我们必须限制土地的开发。
--He restricts himself to two cigarettes everyday.他每天限制自己抽两只烟。
restrict sb to
confine v.控制在……范围内
confine sb.to
--I confine myself to two cigarettes a day.
--The boy is confined to the dark room.
--The boy is restricted to the dark room.关注“新标准英语”,免费同步辅导，免费海量资源
cramp vt.限制（某人的活动或限制动植物的生长）
--Nobody can cramp children.
--You can not cramp my activity.
hamper v.限制，妨碍,困累
--What hampered you to do so?
--The housewife has a lots to do every day,because she is hampered by povert被贫困所困扰。
--My limited vocabulary hampers my reading.
impede v.限制，阻碍（相当于hamper）
impede doing sth
--Nothing will impede my studying English.
bound v.限定，以……为界限
abuse v.滥用
--Don’t abuse your authority.不要乱用职权。
--We shouldn’t abuse oue rights.不要乱用自己的权力。
--For VIP,they shouldn’t abuse their privilege.
untold a.=too many to be counted 数不尽的
--There are untold stars in the sky.
--I am afflicted by/with untold anxieties.
numerous a.无数的
countless a.无数的
--As hunma being ,we can’t keep ourselves free from countless anxieties.
countable:can be counted
uncountable
numberless无数的，没有房号的
--This is a numberless room.
numberable 数得清的
innumberable 不能数得清的
perpetual a.永久的，永远的(不休止的，一直持续下去的,用于不易受阻的)
--They are as poor as church mouse, they are have to struggle against perpetual poverty.
permanent a.
eternal
everlasting
--Lasting for a long time
constant a.连续的，不断的(perpetual最好的释义)
constantly adv.连续不断地
continuous a.连续不断的
--They have continuous discussion.
--They made great success in their continuous attempt.
continual a.频繁的
continually adj.
--It rains continually .
--It is raining continuously/constantly.
lasting a.(书面上用everlasting)持久的，耐久的
--The pair of trousers is lasting.
--Generally speaking ,jeans are lasting.
endless a.
--You can appreciate endless unbroken clouds.
--Studing English is our perpetual(endless) task.
eternal a.永恒的，永久的，不朽的（=immortal）
--His name is immortal because the longest suspension bridge was named for him.
temporary a.临时的
permanent a.非临时的，永久的
--In a big city, sometimes we can not get permanent job.
obscurity n.默默无闻
In obscurity
obscure adj.不起眼的
--The bus stopped at a obscure bus stop.
radically adv.彻底地，完全地=Completely,entirely,thoroughly,fully,inclusive
exclusive a.独占的，独家的；排外的，排他的(not shared with others)
--The swimming pool is for my exclusive use.
exclusive right 独权
--The school is exclusive ,only very clever children can go to it.
--The store is exclusive, only very wealthy people can visit it.
commodity n.商品
--commodity econnomy商品经济commodity market商品市场
goods,wares
Text 课文（全文背诵）
In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned.
effort企图（语气强烈）
try;attempt尝试
make every effort;spare no effort;make every endeavor
go to great iengths
blame责备
scold
reproach
reprimand
condemn正式的谴责
deed 行为，行径
--Your deeds should be rightly condemned.
However, this freedom can easily be abused.
forest authorites森林当局
education authorites教育当局
the authorites有关当局
the authorites of the press新闻界当局
Stories about people often attract far more public attention than political events.
According to this sentence,we know we are much more interested in private stories.
Sometimes some people even want to smell out people’s secrets or particular scandals.
far相当于much加强语气
Though we may enjoy reading about the lives of others, it is extremely doubtful whether we would equally enjoy reading about ourselves.
lives of others替代story about people
extremely doubtful=extremely uncertain=extremely dubious
--If a family skeleton is reviewed,one’s reputation will be damaged/destroyed/spoiled/ruined immediately.
equally=in the same way=alike
--We wouldn’t like our secret to be reviewed.
Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives.(要点句型)
When stories published in detalls by the press are wonderful,you will become famous very soon.
If the story is terrible,your reputation will be ruined immediately.
act on 以。。。来行事，遵循。。。来行事
that引导的部分是contention的同位语从句
Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people but can even overthrow a government.
exert…on sth
--bring about 带来，导致
--lead to
--cause
--result in
major:great,considerable关注“新标准英语”,免费同步辅导，免费海量资源
--In the first paragraph the writer illustrate how powerful the press is in the general way.
The story of a poor family that acquired fame and fortune overnight, dramatically illustrates the power of the press.
acquire=gain=obtain
--acquire gortune发财
--make fortune
The family lived in Aberdeen, a small town of 23,000 inhabitants in South Dakota.
inhabitant=dweller
--the city dweller城市居住者
--the country dweller乡村居住者
They were expecting their sixth child and faced with even more pressing economic problems.
expect a baby
in the interesting condition
in the family way
pregnant
be faced with面临
--The window faces the south.窗户朝南。
--In the process of studing English,We are faced with a great many problems,which should be surmounted.
surmount克服
solve problem解决问题
--In the process of studing English,We are faced with a great many problems,which should be surmounted/got rid of/removed as quickly as possible.
economic problem=poverty
pressing 紧迫的
If they had only had one more child, the fact would have passed unnoticed. They would have continued to struggle against economic odds and would have lived in obscurity.
虚拟语气，与过去事实相反的状况
unnoticed形容词做状语
odds n.各种让人烦的小事
bear 容忍，生育 born是bear的过去分词
attract the attention of the press
The rise to the fame is swift.=Their being famous was rapid.
Newspapers and magazines offered the family huge sums for the exclusive rights to publish stories and photographs.
huge sums=huge sums of money
care of 关心
Reporters kept pressing for interviews so lawyers had to be employed to act as spokesmen for the family at press conferences.
press for=demand形象地表达出不停的催问
--The students kept pressing for examinations.
Vocabulary
restrict:限制(restrict to)
--confine(confine to),limit
equally:同样地
--alike,in the same way/degree
contention:论点
--argument
untold:数也数不清的
--countless,uncountable,numerous,innumerable,numberless
acquired:以获得的
--got,gained,obtained
perpetual struggle:永无休止的斗争
--fight
in obscurity:默默无闻的，不出名的
--not being well-known
Comprension
1…b…. The argue that
affect:负面的影响
Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives.(背熟)
contention=argue
2…d…
3…d…take interest in
Structure 结构
4…b…结构比较要一致be interested in…
5…a…标志是but not only…but
b: not only用在句首，句子必须倒装can they
c: such that they cannot only：not only用在动词之前并倒装:not only can they
d:so修饰形容词或副词，如果强调的是一个主干的名词部分，用such
6…a…被动语态
7…b…remain(系动词)不能用进行时态，系动词不能接动词不定式
8…a…
9…d...bring about=wield
press:榨汁；熨烫；按住，压住(n.)出版，发行
invoke:求助，祈求
impose:强加于人
wield:造成
10…c…make repeated requests for=pressing for:不断的催问，要求
11…c…on behalf of:代表
instead of:代替on account of=because offor the sake of:出于。。。的缘故
12…a…商品化的牺牲者(victim)
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