温馨提示: 这里主要基于ACS style,其他出版社可能略有区别, 请千万注意 1. 短语中具有数学含义(mathematical sense)的数值用数字来表示举例:The incidence of disease increased by a factor of 4.The yield of product was decreased by 6 orders of magnitude.The efficiency of the reaction was increased 2-fold.After 2 half-lives, the daughter product could be measured.The control group had 3 times the risk for coloncancer.The values are determined with 5 degrees of freedom. 2. 当fold,times作为后缀的数值不具备特殊数学含义时,如果数值小于10,将该数字拼写出来举例:The purpose of this discussion is two fold.The beaker was rinsed four times.
3. 比例中,必须采用数字举例:a ratio of 1:10; a ratio of 1/10; a 1:1 (v/v) mixture 4. 1)数字表示日期时,不要加序数词尾举例:January 3, Jan 3 (not January 3rd, Jan 3rd)September 5, Sept 5 (not September 5th, Sept 5th) 2)通过数字表示十年时,直接在数字后面加s, 而不是's.举例:the 1960s (not the 1960's, not the'60s)values in the 90s (not the 90's)She is in her 20s. (not her 20's) 3) a.m.和p.m. (注意写法)前用数字例如:12:00 p.m. 5. 当分数中分子分母都小于10时,将分子分母都用单词拼写出来,并用 "-"连接起来; 如果有一项大于或者等于10,则采用数字分数形式举例:two-thirds of the results;one-quarter of the experiments¹⁄₂₀ of the subjects; ¹⁄₁₂ of the volume. 6. 用来表示并列句子和短语时,采用(1),(2), (3)而不是1), 2), 3).举例:Some advantages of these materials are (1) their electrical properties after pyrolysis, (2) their ability to be modified chemically before pyrolysis, and (3) their abundance and low cost. 7. 当数值特别大时,应该采用科学计数法来避免超过四位数举例:1.2 × 106 s 3.0 × 104 kg5.8× 10–5 M or 58 µM 42.3 L (not 42,300 mL or 42 300 mL) 在一些例外中,即便有的情况下有数字超过4位数也应该沿用。1)表格中,为了保证每一列的单位一致;2)使用约定俗成的单位;液体密度:g/L 固体密度:kg/m3弹性模量:GPa 液体压力:kPa 应力:MPa 8. 不要采用E来表示10的指数举例:3.7× 105 (not 3.7e5, 3.7E+5) 9. 在叙述性文字中,不要用"="来作为"is"或"equals"的简写;不要用"+"来作为"and"的简写;除了计算机语言之外,其他情况下不要用"*"来表示乘号。 推荐:本文主要参考Coghill, A., et al., in the ACS Style Guide, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2006.