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图 | 全海涛
报告人:全海涛
单 位:北京大学
时 间:2019-07-27
地 点:中国科学技术大学
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报告摘要
Nonequilibrium processes of small systems such as molecular machines are ubiquitous in biology, chemistry, and physics but are often challenging to comprehend. In the past two decades, several exact thermodynamic relations of nonequilibrium processes, collectively known as fluctuation theorems, have been discovered and provided critical insights. These fluctuation theorems are generalizations of the second law and can be unified by a differential fluctuation theorem. Here we perform the first experimental test of the differential fluctuation theorem using an optically levitated nanosphere in both underdamped and overdamped regimes and in both spatial and velocity spaces. We also test several theorems that can be obtained from it directly, including a generalized Jarzynski equality that is valid for arbitrary initial states, and the Hummer-Szabo relation. Our study experimentally verifies these fundamental theorems and initiates the experimental study of stochastic energetics with the instantaneous velocity measurement.
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●【学术视频】第五届全国统计物理与复杂系统学术会议 | 中科院长春应用化学研究所晏致强副研究员:蛋白质进化原理以及计算模拟研究
●【学术视频】第五届全国统计物理与复杂系统学术会议 | 复旦大学须留钧博士:扩散场中的类变色龙行为及其起源
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