【直播】地球化学空中会议室第三期 | 火星之旅

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地球化学空中会议室第三期

2021年4月25日 10:00

中国矿物岩石地球化学学会青年工作委员会

地球化学空中会议室

01

报告一

主题

New ideas about the ancient geology of Mars

报告人

JOSEPH MICHALSKI（University of Hong Kong）

报告人简介

Joseph Michalski is an Associate Professor in Earth & Planetary science and Deputy Director of the Laboratory for Space Research, University of Hong Kong. He is a geologist and planetary scientist interested in mineral exploration (on any planet) and the relationship between geology, mineralogy and life. MICHALSKI carried out his graduate studies at Arizona State University between 2000 and 2005. Before joining HKU, MICHALSKI was a Research Leader at the Natural History Museum in London, United Kingdom, A Senior Researcher at the Planetary Science Institute, and a researcher at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale in Paris. His research interests include Martian mineralogy and geology, Field and lab studies of planetary materials, Astrobiology, and Exploration for economic minerals

报告摘要

Results from a series of successful robotic missions to Mars in the last 25 years have fundamentally changed the way that we understand the geology of Mars. New imaging data and infrared remote sensing data have totally changed how we understand the evolution of the Martian climate, volcanic processes through time and habitability of surface (and subsurface) of the planet. In this talk, I will describe some of the new results produced from our team of planetary geologists in Hong Kong. Specifically, I will outline some recent discoveries regarding habitability of lakes and seas on Mars, explosive volcanism and production of glass-rich, reactive volcaniclastic sedimentary material, weathering and climate change. It is possible that any microbial life that once existed at the Martian surface could have retreated underground, constituting a deep biosphere.

At the University of Hong Kong, we operate the Planetary Spectroscopy and Mineralogy Laboratory (PSML) (www.clays.space/lab), which is designed to support planetary exploration in China and beyond. We hope our laboratory could be of use to excellent researchers in China and beyond. Please be in contact with us if we can collaborate. The future of Mars exploration has never been brighter!

02

报告二

主题

The Labeled Release Experiment (LR) on Mars: controversy and progress

报告人

Henry Sun（Desert Research Institute）

报告人简介

Dr. Sun is an Associate research professor at Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada. After earning his Ph.D in 1997 from Florida State University in Antarctic microbiology, Dr. Sun began a career as a research scientist in astrobiology and geobiology, first at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory and now at the Desert Research Institute. His interest is wide and includes extreme environments, biominerals, D-amino acid metabolism in L-life, planetary life detection methods, and the chemistry of Martian oxidants. He has published over 40 articles, including in Science, Nature Communications, and Astrobiology. He is an associate editor with International Journal for Astrobiology.

报告摘要

The Labeled Release Experiment (LR), performed on Mars in 1976 as part of the Viking investigation, was positive. A nutrient broth containing amino acids and carbohydrates was degraded upon inoculation with a sample of regolith as if bacteria were present. What is more, samples heated to sterilizing temperatures were inactive. In this talk, I will explain: 1) why the LR activity has an abiotic explanation, 2) why the debate could be resolved with a redo using D- and L-enantiomers of sugars and amino acids, and 3) why the Atacama Desert is a good place to try it out before sending it to Mars.

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