Add ‘wings’ to bullet trains to make them even faster 科学家想给高铁加翅膀

BusinessTianjin 2022-01-17

Add ‘wings’ to bullet trains to make them even faster

China wants even faster bullet trains, and a team of scientists in the southwest of the country have suggested a way to do it: add wings.

Their study found that adding five pairs of small wings on each train carriage would generate additional lift and reduce the weight of the train by nearly a third, taking the top speed to 450km/h.

The research is part of a project launched by China earlier this year named CR450. The programme is a nationwide research effort which aims to develop a new generation of high-speed trains by solving a range of technical issues related to automatic control, wheel design, the steering system, rail upgrades and safety measures.

China’s high-speed rail network is currently the fastest in the world – its existing bullet trains can run at 350km/h. The CR450 project aims to have trains that run nearly 30 per cent faster, meaning it would take only about three hours to travel from Beijing to Shanghai, or just five hours from Beijing to Guangzhou.

But “as the operating speed increases, the wear on the wheels will increase and inevitably shorten the repair cycle and service life of the wheels”, according to a paper by the team from the Chengdu Fluid Dynamics Innovation Centre, led by research engineer Zhang Jun.

Zhang and his team have proposed putting an array of small wings on top of a train could generate sufficient force to lift it without the risk of hitting anything. But they cautioned that the wings would need to be carefully designed and installed.

Travelling at 450km/h, the train’s body would produce a high-speed airstream near the surface of the roof that could cause harmful turbulence if the wings were sitting too low, according to the paper.

And if a wing was too high above the train, it could run into currents generated by the wings in front and produce more drag than lift. The researchers estimated that the optimal range was for the wings to extend between 1.5 and 2 metres over the roof.

高铁还不够快？科学家想给高铁加“翅膀”，时速达450公里

中国想要更快的高速动车组，西南地区的一组科学家提出了一种方法：增加机翼。

他们的研究发现，在每个车厢上增加5对小机翼，可以产生额外的升力，并将列车的重量减少近三分之一，最高时速可达450公里/小时。该项研究是今年早些时候启动的CR450项目的一部分，旨在开发能够以该速度运行的新一代高速列车。

中国目前拥有世界上最快的高铁网络，现有的子弹头列车可以以350公里/小时的速度运行。CR450项目的目标是使列车运行速度提高近30%，这意味着从北京到上海只需约3小时，从北京到广州只需5小时。

成都流体动力学创新中心研究工程师张军领导的团队在一篇论文中写道：“随着运行速度的增加，车轮的磨损会增加，不可避免地会缩短车轮的维修周期和使用寿命。带升力翼的高速列车突破了高速列车空气动力学设计的传统概念，降低了总体能耗和运营成本。”

在高速列车上安装机翼的想法其实并不新鲜，日本工程师在20世纪80年代就提出了一项建议，要求列车两侧伸出类似飞机的机翼，并在20年后建造了原型。虽然这一早期的尝试证明了机翼具有空气动力效率，但在实际应用中失败了，因为机翼太大太宽，使得列车无法在现有铁路基础设施的有限空间内安全运行。

张和他的团队提出了一些不同的建议。他们说，在列车两侧放置一对巨大的机翼，而在列车顶部放置一组较小的机翼，可以产生足够的力量将列车抬起，并且不会有撞击任何物体的风险。

上海同济大学的研究工程师陈宇表示，在列车上安装机翼还需要克服一些极具挑战性的工程问题。例如，机翼必然会增加机舱的噪音，降低乘客的舒适度。这意味着科学家和工程师必须想出办法来控制屋顶上复杂的气流，并使用隔音材料或结构来吸收增加的噪音。

'Overtime is really good'

A leading Chinese information technology company is under investigation for pressuring its staff to work overtime by hanging banners berating people for not staying back past their finishing times.

A Shandong-based IT giant in eastern China, was exposed harassing staff to work extra hours for free after management hung banners promoting the practice in its head office in Jinan last month.

One banner carried the slogan: “If you are free, go work overtime. Go to finish our unfinished tasks.” Others read: “You work overtime and I work overtime, then for anyone who doesn’t, he can’t escape working overtime”, “If everybody takes the extra shifts, it’s a really good thing. Overtime is really good”, and: “Working overtime in the daytime, you don’t doze off; working overtime in the evening, you can’t fall asleep.”

The Jinan labour rights supervision authority said earlier this week that it would begin an investigation after the banners were leaked online; triggering a public backlash, the report said.

State broadcaster CCTV weighed in with an editorial on Wednesday saying advocating hard work was not the same as asking people to work for free.

“Inspur Group is showing off these overtime slogans, perhaps thinking they are creative,” CCTV commented. “This behaviour reflects a deformed overtime culture and shows the company’s ignorance of the law and regulations.”

“We admire hard work, but we can’t instil in employees a belief that they must work unpaid overtime,” added CCTV.

把“加班真好”挂进办公室，劳动部门发话了

“他加我也加，想跑也跑不了。”近日，浪潮集团的花式加班标语火了。济南市劳动保障监察支队最新回应称：将前往浪潮调查此事。

据网传图片显示，山东浪潮集团办公室内多处挂上了花式加班语：“有空就去‘加班’吧，去完成那些我们还未完成的事！”“白天加白班，不瞌睡；晚上加晚班，睡不着。”“大家加，才是真的加，加班真好”“他加我也加，想跑也跑不了。”

浪潮的这些加班标语，引发了网络热议。有网友评论称，想出这些标语的人也是牛，让把这个挂出来的人也是够厉害。还有网友称，上班族看到这样的标语要直呼“救命”，设计师看到都要抖三抖。

15日下午，济南市劳动保障监察支队表示，他们已经在网上看到关于浪潮加班标语一事，将前往浪潮集团调查此事，具体情况等调查结束后才能知晓。

该工作人员介绍，如果企业把这些标语落实到规章制度里，则违反现行的劳动保障法律法规，会纠正这样的行为。

据浪潮集团官网介绍，浪潮集团作为云计算、大数据服务商，旗下拥有三家上市公司，业务涵盖云数据中心、云服务大数据、智慧城市、智慧企业等业务板块，已为全球一百二十多个国家和地区提供it产品和服务。

Epidemic control staff member punished for smuggling person across border

A member of the epidemic control and prevention staff at the border in Southwest China’s Yunnan Province has been severely punished for attempting to smuggle a Vietnamese person across the border, local authorities said on Tuesday. The punishment includes removing all subsidies for the staff member and his family, closing his bank account and phone services, and preventing him from taking trains or airplanes.

The staff member surnamed Wang, 38, was taken into criminal detention in Hekou county for allegedly transporting a Vietnamese national across the border on October 22.

In accordance with the law, Wang and his direct relatives will face severe punishment, including the removal of their subsidies for guarding the borderline as well as other subsidies.

Wang and his family members will be banned from joining the Communist Party of China, the army or any other public bodies, the report said, and Wang’s bank account and phone services will also be closed.

Wang will be prevented from taking trains and airplanes, the notice said, adding that his children will be barred from attending private schools. Business licenses for Wang and his immediate family members will also be suspended.

The property involved in the smuggling case will be confiscated together with Wang’s driving license and operating permits.

云南一防疫执勤人员带外籍人员偷渡

2021年10月6日，河口县桥头乡130疫情防控卡点执勤人员王宝龙引带1名越南籍“三非”人员欲偷渡出境时被河口县公安局民警查获。后经公安机关核实，王宝龙触犯法律法规，现根据《河口县关于在疫情防控期间对帮助、组织、指引、带路、运送、参与、雇佣、窝藏、包庇、纵容偷渡人员采取“十个一律”惩戒措施的通告》（第18号）之规定，对王宝龙实施惩戒，现通告如下：

一、基本情况

王宝龙，男，苗族，1983年11月12日生，户籍地：云南省红河州河口县桥头乡簿竹箐村委会下大塘小组，现住址：云南省红河州河口县桥头乡簿竹箐村委会下大塘小组，因涉嫌运送他人偷越国（边）境于 2021 年10 月 22 日被河口县公安局采取刑事拘留强制措施，目前羁押于河口县看守所。

二、惩戒措施

（一）对王宝龙引带越南籍“三非”人员的偷渡行为依法从严、从重、从快查处。

（二）在桥头乡、薄竹箐村委会粘贴王宝龙违法通告，在我县电视台、“自贸时代看河口”微信公众号、“国门融媒”抖音号等官方媒体进行公示曝光。

（三）对王宝龙及其直系亲属在入团、入党、参军、考录公务员、考聘事业单位工作人员、就业等函询调查时从严把关，原则上不予通过。

（四）对王宝龙及其直系亲属，一律取消抵边补助、集体经济收益分配及林业、农业等政策性优惠补贴（助），不得为其本人及直系亲属办理新宅基地及申报新建住房。

（五）对王宝龙所在的桥头乡簿竹箐村委会，取消今年向上申请项目资金、财政奖补，取消今年各项评选资格。

（六）对王宝龙的银行账户、网银，一律冻结，手机通讯、宽带网络等业务一律关停。

（七）限制王宝龙乘坐动车、飞机和住高档宾馆、子女就读私立学校等高消费行为；暂停王宝龙及其直系亲属办理公司、个体工商户营业执照，已办理的营业执照按规定列入经营异常名单。

（八）没收王宝龙涉案财物，扣押其驾驶证、行车证、营运许可证。

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