原创 新人教版核心词汇全方位拓展 X4U5
| 原创资源：新人教版核心词汇全方位拓展 | ||
| 单元 | 文案 | PPT制作 |
| X4U5 | 顾娟 |
怎么记单词更高效呢?
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X4U5 重点词汇
作者：顾娟
Contents
1、debt n.
2、accountant n.
3、attend vt. & vi
4、priority n.
5、finance n. & vt.
6、employer n.
7、desert n.&vt.
8、acquire vt.
1. debt
[ det ] n.
【paraphrase】
n.1. the state of owing something (especially money)
2. money or goods or services owed by one person to another
3. an obligation to pay or do something
n. 债, 债务, 欠他人的东西
【formation】
复数: debts
【多元例句】
例1: Help and advise people in serious debt. --- 教材原句 选必四 Unit5 P50
例2: Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.
--- 2019天津卷 阅读D
例3: Most people, given more money, only get into more debt. 大多数人，给了更多的钱，只会陷入更多的债务
-- Poor Dad. Rich Dad《富爸爸穷爸爸》 例4: You have saved my life: I have a pleasure in owing you so immense a debt. 你救了我的命，我很高兴欠了你这么大的人情。
--- Jane Eyre《简·爱》
例5: As well as saturation, the other danger is debt. 除了饱和，另一个危险是债务。
--- The Economist《经济学人》
【短语互译】
1. in debt ____________________
2. owe a debt of gratitude to sb __________________
3. Out of debt, out of danger.（谚）_______________________
4. 债务危机；倒债危机_______________________
5. 偿清债务_______________________
6. 负债，欠债（v）______________________
【句子翻译】
1. 这个国家仍然深陷债务中。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. 当学生很难不负债。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3.我欠Tom一份感谢之情，他谨慎杰出的研究是极大的帮助。(表达感激类文章可用)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Key:【短语互译】
1. in debt 负债；欠情
2. owe a debt of gratitude to sb 欠某人的情
3. Out of debt, out of danger.
（谚）无债一身轻。
4. 债务危机；倒债危机debt crisis
5. 偿清债务pay off debt
6. 负债，欠债get into debt
【句子翻译】
1.这个国家仍然深陷债务中。
The country is still deeply/heavily in debt.
2. 当学生很难不负债。
It's hard to stay out of debt when you are a student.
3.我欠Tom一份感谢之情，他谨慎杰出的研究是极大的帮助。
I owe a debt of gratitude to Tom, whose careful and able research was of great help.
2. accountant
[ ə'kauntənt ] n.
account [əˈkaʊnt] n.&vt.&vi.
【paraphrase】n.
1. an arrangement that sb has with a bank
2. a written record of money that is owed to a business and of money that has been paid by it
3. a written or spoken description of sth that has happened
4. an explanation or a description of an idea，a theory or a process
vt.
consider or regard in a specified way
vi.
1. furnish a justifying analysis or explanation
2. be the sole or primary factor in the existence, acquisition, supply, or disposal of something
n. 账户；解释；账目，账单；理由；描述
vt. 认为；把…视为
vi. 解释；导致
【formation】
名词：accountant 会计 复数：accounts 第三人称单数：accounts
现在分词：accounting 过去式 accounted 过去分词 accounted
【多元例句】
例1: The plastic on Henderson Island accounts for just 2 seconds' worth of global annual plastic production.
--- 教材原句 选必四 Workbook P80
例2: Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
--- 2020年全国I卷 阅读D
例3:The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants’ overall health status. 即使在科学家考虑了参与者的整体健康状况后，结果仍然成立。
--- 2020年七月浙江卷 阅读C
例4: “I assure you,” returned Mr. Stryver, in the friendliest way, “that I am sorry for it on your account, and sorry for it on the poor father's account.” “我向你保证，”斯特莱佛先生以最友好的态度回答道，“我为你感到难过，也为那可怜的父亲感到难过。”
--- A Tale of Two Cities《双城记》
例5：Poor Sorrow's fight against the world and wickedness was a short one， fortunately perhaps，taking into account his situation．可怜的“悲哀”只对这个世界和邪恶做了一次小小的抗争，考虑到他的处境，也许他这样是幸运的。
--- Tess《苔丝》
【短语互译】
1. by (from) all accounts______________________
2. keep an account of ____________________
3. on account of_______________________
4. turn something to good account_______________________
5. 将...考虑进去_______________________
6. 绝不_______________________
7. 对...做出解释；构成(数量，比例)______________________
【句子翻译】
1. ＜谚＞萝青菜，各有所爱。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. 你最近学习低效可能是压力太大导致的。(应用文书信)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. 选专业的时候，我们需要考虑我们的兴趣和职业规划。(议论文教育类文章)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. 很抱歉我不能亲自去机场接你，因为我肚子痛。(应用文道歉信)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Key:【短语互译】
1. by (from) all accounts根据各种说法
2. keep an account of 记录
3.on account of因为，由于
4. turn something to good account利用;善用
5. 将...考虑进去take something into account
6. 绝不on no account
7. 对...做出解释；构成(数量，比例) account for
【句子翻译】
1. ＜谚＞萝青菜，各有所爱。
There no accounting for tastes(taste).
2. 你最近学习低效可能是压力太大导致的。
Too much pressure may account for your recent low efficiency in study.
3. 选专业的时候，我们需要考虑我们的兴趣和职业规划。
When choosing our majors, we need to take our interests and our career plans into account.
4. 很抱歉我不能亲自去机场接你，因为我肚子痛。
Sorry that I cannot go to the airport to pick you up in person on account of stomach ache.
3. attend
【ə'tend 】vt.&vi.
【paraphrase】v.
1. be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.
2. take charge of or deal with
3. to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result
vt. 出席；上（大学等）；照料；招待；陪伴
vi. 出席；致力于；照料；照顾
【formation】
第三人称单数 attends 现在分词 attending 过去式 attended 过去分词 attended 名词：attendant 服务员，侍者；随员，陪从 attendance 出席；到场；出席人数
【多元例句】
例1: We are building a team of keen young people to help us attend to hundreds of students from all over the world.
--- 教材原句 选必四 Unit5 P55
例2: After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.
高中毕业后，詹妮弗上了一所当地的技术学院，靠打工来支付学费，因为没有多余的钱供她上大学。
--- 2020 山东卷 阅读B
例3: The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
本次展览的参观人数创下了历史新高，这表明人们对中国的影响力有着巨大的兴趣。
--- 2019全国III卷阅读B
例4: He paid Wickham several thousand pounds，for past debts and future expenses，and attended the wedding to make a final payment．
他付给韦翰几千英镑，用以偿还过去的债务和将来的开支，并参加了婚礼，作为最后一笔款子。
--- Pride And prejudice《傲慢与偏见》
例5: “I've tried the roots of trees, and I've tried banks, and I've tried hedges,” the Pigeon went on, without attending to her; “but those serpents! There's no pleasing them!”
“我试了树根，试了河岸，还试了篱笆，”鸽子继续说着，并不注意她，“可是这些蛇！没法子让它们高兴！”
--- Alice in the wonderland《爱丽丝梦游仙境》
例6: In addition, some governments have set limits for attending weddings and funerals.
此外，一些政府还对参加婚礼和葬礼设置了限制。
---China Daily
【短语互译】
1. attend university ______________________
2. attend court ____________________
3.attend to _______________________
4.上学；去上学_______________________
5.上课_______________________
【句子翻译】
1. 所有的孩子都必须上学。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. 有两个护士照料重伤员的伤口。_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. 我写这封信是想邀请您参加下周日上午8点到下午5点在我们城市中心美术馆举办的中国剪纸艺术展。（应用文—邀请信）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Key:【短语互译】
1. attend university 上大学
2. attend court 出庭
3. attend to 注意；照料；致力于
4. 上学；去上学attend school
5. 上课attend class
【句子翻译】
1. 所有的孩子都必须上学。。
All children are required to attend school.
2. 有两个护士照料重伤员的伤口。
The severely wounded had two nurses to attend to their wounds.
3. 我写这封信是想邀请您参加下周日上午8点到下午5点在我们城市中心美术馆举办的中国剪纸艺术展。
I’m writing to invite you to attend the Chinese paper-cutting art exhibition to be held in the art gallery from 8 am to 5 pm next Sunday in our city center.
4. priority
[ prai'ɔrəti ] n.
【paraphrase】n.
1. status established in order of importance or urgency
2. preceding in time
n. 优先；优先权；[数] 优先次序；优先考虑的事
【formation】
复数 priorities
【多元例句】
例1: I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years, so I know how to lead and decide on priorities. --- 教材原句 选必四 Unit5 P56
例2: From my personal note,music is my priority. 就我个人而言，音乐是我的首选。
--- 2019 天津卷 写作范文
例3: Nowadays the priority for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery. 现在旅行的重点从购物转移到享用食物和欣赏风景。
--- 2019 江苏卷 单项填空
例4: Told me I'd got my priorities wrong.
告诉我说分清事情的轻重。
---Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban 3《哈利·波特与阿兹卡班的囚徒》
例5: As Yunnan still faces geological challenges in improving residents' lives, boosting the local economy is also important, together with the priority task of wildlife protection.
由于云南仍面临着改善居民生活的地质挑战，促进当地经济发展也很重要，野生动物保护是首要任务。
--- China Daily
【短语互译】
1. according to priority ______________________
2. high/low priority ____________________
3. 当务之急，重中之重 ____________________
4. 优先考虑；认为优先_______________________
【句子翻译】
1. 他总是优先考虑别人而不是自己。
_______________________________________________________________
2. 无论我们身在何处，安全永远是头等大事。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. 如果你觉得玩乐享受更重要，那你可是排错了轻重缓急的位置。_______________________________________________________________________________________
Key:【短语互译】
1. according to priority 依次
2. high/low priority 重点／非重点项目
3. 当务之急，重中之重 top priority
4. 优先考虑；认为优先 give priority to
【句子翻译】
1. 他总是优先考虑别人而不是自己。
He always gives priority to other people rather than to himself.
2. 无论我们身在何处，安全永远是头等大事。
Safety should always be the top priority wherever we are.
3. 如果你觉得玩乐享受更重要，那你可是排错了轻重缓急的位置。
If you think enjoying yourself is more important, then you need to get your priorities straight.
5. finance
[ fai'næns ] v.&n.
【paraphrase】n.
1. the commercial activity of providing funds and capital
2. the branch of economics that studies the management of money and other assets
3. the management of money and credit and banking and investments
v.:
1. obtain or provide money for
2. sell or provide on credit
n. 财政，财政学；金融
vt. 负担经费，供给…经费
vi. 筹措资金
【formation】
复数 finances 第三人称单数 finances 现在分词 financing 过去式 financed 过去分词 financed形容词financial 金融的；财政的，财务的 副词financially 财政上；金融上
【多元例句】
例1: Helped manage tour finances and receipts.
--- 教材原句 选必四 Unit5 P57
例2: That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.
这部电影让他进入了职业生涯的后半段，他的喜剧表现就足以让一部电影获得经济上的成功，即使电影评论家不会给它很高的评价。
--- 2021年7月浙江卷 阅读A
例3: The rich put their money into a corporation to finance the voyage.
富人把他们的钱投资到一家公司来资助这次航行。 ---Poor Dad. Rich Dad《富爸爸穷爸爸》
例4: Since then, much of Chinese investment in Indonesia's energy sector has extended from finance and construction to power generation.
自那以后，中国在印尼能源领域的大量投资已从金融和建筑扩展到发电领域。
---China Daily
【短语互译】
1. finance an enterprise _______________________
2. international finance_______________________
3. finance department ______________________
4. 用于……的资金 ____________________
5. 金融危机；财政危机____________________
【句子翻译】
1. 教育经费来自纳税人。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. 如果你毕业后想在金融领域工作，作为学生，你的首要任务是获得相关的学历。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Key:【短语互译】
1. finance an enterprise供给企业资金
2. international finance 国际金融
3. finance department 财务部；财政部；财会部
4. 用于……的资金finance for ...
5. 金融危机；财政危机financial crisis
【句子翻译】
1. 教育经费来自纳税人。
Finance for education comes from taxpayers.
2. 如果你毕业后想在金融领域工作，作为学生，你的首要任务是获得相关的学历。
If you want to work in finance after graduation, your first priority as a student is to get a relevant degree.
6. employer
[ im'plɔiə ]n.
employ [ im'plɔi ]vt.&n.
【paraphrase】vt.
1. put into service;make work or employ (something) for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose
2. engage or hire for work
n.: the state of being employed or having a job
vt. 使用，采用；雇用；使忙于，使从事于
n. 使用；雇用
【formation】
形容词：employable 适宜雇用的；有资格任职的 名词：employee 雇员；从业员工
employment 使用；职业；雇用 employer 雇主，老板
【多元例句】
例1: If you were the employer, would you hire your partner? If not, why?
--- 教材原句 选必四 Unit5 P57
例2: My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
我的纳税工作生涯始于中学时期，当时我在一家烘焙厂工作了整整三天。
--- 2021全国I卷 完形填空
例3: If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible（符合条件）for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
如果你是一名生活在该省某些地区的青少年，你可能有资格参加这个项目，它提供了八周的带薪工作和培训。
--- 2019全国I卷 阅读A
例4: Mr. Barsad, now in the employ of the republican French government, was former!
巴萨先生现在在法兰西共和国政府工作，他是以前的!
---A Tale of Two Cities《双城记》
例5: It also calls on schools to promote physical education and exercise, and employ sufficient number of health care personnel as required by national standards.它还呼吁学校促进体育和锻炼，并按照国家标准雇用足够数量的保健人员。
--- China Daily
【短语互译】
1. in the employ of _______________________
2. employ oneself in _______________________
3. 雇佣某人作为 ______________________
4. 雇佣某人做某事 ____________________
【句子翻译】
1. 汤姆受雇成为一名职业电竟选手，这是他梦寐以求的工作。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. 雇佣工人从事危险工作的工厂应该被关闭。（议论文—社会）
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. 我的母亲是一位家庭主妇，她的时间都用在照顾家人和做家务上。
____________________________________________________________________________________
Key:【短语互译】
1. in the employ of 受雇于
2. employ oneself in 从事于；忙于
3. 雇佣某人作为employ sb. as… be employed as..
4. 雇佣某人做某事employ sb. to do sth.
【句子翻译】
1. 汤姆受雇成为一名职业电竟选手，这是他梦寐以求的工作
Tom is employed as a professional e-sports player，which is his dream job.
2. 雇佣工人从事危险工作的工厂应该被关闭。
Factories that employ workers to do dangerous work should be closed.
3. 我的母亲是一位家庭主妇，她的时间都用在照顾家人和做家务上。
My mother is a housewife whose time are employed in taking care of the family and doing housework.
7. desert
[ˈdezət; dɪˈzɜːt] n.& vt. &adj.
【paraphrase】
n. :arid land with little or no vegetation
vt.: 1. leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch
2. desert (a cause, a country or an army), often in order to join the opposing cause, country, or army
adj.: located in a dismal or remote area; desolate
n. 沙漠，荒原；
v. 遗弃；舍弃，离弃（某地方）
adj. 沙漠的；荒凉的；被抛弃的
【formation】
第三人称单数 deserts 现在分词 deserting过去式 deserted 过去分词 deserted
复数 deserts 形容词 deserted 荒芜的；被遗弃的
【多元例句】
例1: In order to turn the desert into green land that is able to produce crops, Dr Zhang designed a 50 km canal.
-- 教材原句 选必四 Unit5 P58
例2: Above 4, 000 meters is the highland desert : gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks.
--- 2019年全国I卷 完形填空
例3: I won't desert you. I believe that you're a good boy, not a common thief.
我不会抛弃你的。我相信你是个好孩子，不是个下贱的小偷。
--- Oliver Twist 《雾都孤儿》
例4: Scarlett looked at them uncertainly, some of her courage deserting her.思嘉心怀疑惧地看着他们，原先的勇气有点动摇了。
--- Gone With The Wind《飘》
例5:The Beijing-Xinjiang Expressway stretches through the desert in Gansu province. 京-疆高速公路穿过甘肃省的沙漠。
---China Daily
【短语互译】
1. desert island_______________________
2. Gobi desert_______________________
3. Rats desert a sinking ship.(谚语) ______________________
4. 抛弃某人 ______________________
5. 某人丧失了勇气____________________
【句子翻译】
1. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠之一。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. 那个男人在很小的时候就被父母抛弃了。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. 她一时间似乎失去了勇气。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Key:【短语互译】
1. desert island 荒岛
2. Gobi desert 戈壁沙漠
3. Rats desert a sinking ship. 船沉鼠先窜。
4. 抛弃某人desert sb
5. 某人丧失了勇气 sb’s courage deserts sb
【句子翻译】
1. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠之一。
The Sahara desert is one of the largest deserts in the world.
2. 那个男人在很小的时候就被父母抛弃了。
The man was deserted by his parents when he was only a child.
3. 她一时间似乎失去了勇气。
Her courage seemed to desert her for a moment.
8. acquire
【paraphrase】vt.
1. come into the possession of something concrete or abstract
2. come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes)
3. win something through one's efforts
4. gain knowledge or skills
5. gain through experience
vt. 获得；取得；学到；捕获；养成
【formation】
第三人称单数 acquires 现在分词 acquiring 过去式 acquired 过去分词 acquired
形容词：acquired [医] 后天的；已获得的 名词：acquirement 取得；学得；才能
【多元例句】
例1: Remember, the knowledge you acquire and the diligent attitude you develop in high school will be invaluable in the real world.
---教材原句 选必四Unit5 P58
例2: Network learning has increasingly become an important means for people to acquire
knowledge and solve problems.
--- 2021年全国乙卷 书面表达
例3: It took him a long time to acquire the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
--- 2018天津卷 单项填空
例4: Rich people acquire assets. The poor and middle class acquire liabilities, but they think they are assets.
富人获得资产。穷人和中产阶级拥有负债，但他们认为这是资产。
---Poor Dad. Rich Dad《富爸爸穷爸爸》
例5: Parents' support for their kids in sports is the most important factor in whether a youngster will acquire some real skills or even become a professional athlete.
父母在体育方面对孩子的支持是决定孩子是否能获得一些真正的技能甚至成为职业运动员的最重要因素。
---China Daily
【短语互译】
1. acquire knowledge/skills _______________________
2. an acquired taste _______________________
3. acquire a reputation for ...______________________
4. 养成好习惯 ____________________
5. ……学地很好 ____________________
【句子翻译】
1. 我养成了喝威士忌酒的爱好。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. 我们必须用功学习才能精通英语。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. 简以诚实著称。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. 掩饰无知要比学习知识更难。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Key:【短语互译】
1. acquire knowledge/skills 获得知识／技能
2. an acquired taste 爱好；嗜好
3. acquire a reputation for ... 得到……的名声
4. 养成好习惯acquire good habits
5. ……学地很好acquire a good knowledge of ...
【句子翻译】
1. 我养成了喝威士忌酒的爱好。
I've acquired a taste for whisky.
2. 我们必须用功学习才能精通英语。
We must work hard to acquire a good knowledge of English.
3. 简以诚实著称。
Jane has acquired a reputation for honesty.
4. 掩饰无知要比学习知识更难。
It is harder to conceal ignorance than to acquire knowledge.
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