棠美术馆 | 将建筑赋予意义及生命的改造

棠美术馆改造项目设计说明

项目地点：广东省东莞市
设计规模：8,848㎡

建筑需要如画的观法

春夏秋冬，晨昏昼夜

建筑的简洁，将来被茂密的自然包围,溶为一体

如山水绘画看空间

设想是夜晚去看外形

还有四时，风雨，阴睛

这是大地长出来的建筑，是有生命的

如宋画，山外观山，远山讲气势，中部是内山，是自然连绵体的切面，安祥沉静一点。

“凡画全景者，山重叠覆压，咫尺重深，以近知远”

东莞 作为广东省地区最大的工业产区之一，东莞作为珠三角中心城市之一，为广东“四小虎”之首，号称“世界工厂”，是广东重要的重要枢纽和外贸口岸。

林学明设计团队，在接到这个设计案时，分析后，应为东莞市创造出一座能够为该市注入有力的文化元素的作品，为“世界工厂”建造一座属于公众的艺术品。

美术馆前身是东莞市温塘社区的一个国营陶瓷厂，成立于上世纪50年代，主要生产盘类、钵类、缸类等日用瓷。陶瓷厂于2000年左右关停，但培养了著名企业和企业家。创始人在2005年通过法院拍卖的途径，将陶瓷厂拍卖回来，作为物业投资。美术馆现有的旧屋或厂房建设于1991至1995年间，主要是1992年建立为主。目前通过部的技术加固，使建筑物能正常使用并通过建筑安全等相关部门验收。

以“如何打造出一幅宋式山水画”这一设计需求为出发点，设计团队重新思考了艺术空间的可能形态。借助定制的黑色冲孔金属网，构成建筑体的幕墙结构，将幕墙的黑，房屋的白构成建筑的主色基调。

为了保持展厅空间的完整性，钢网结构和建筑体产生一定的空间，或形成供人行走的廊道。这种做法使得美术馆超越了寻常的白色方盒子空间，为观者带来一种全新的布置和展示艺术品的方式。——“凡画全景者，山重叠覆压，咫尺重深，以近次远”

面对沿街房屋的分毫必争，设计团队选择了一种与世无争的姿态，以退为进地去寻找建筑的空间和尺度。入口被隐退和减弱，庭院空间也被空出，将整个案子的重心留给了建筑，重构的立面，加建的体量等。屋顶的“存在”也被重新定义。原本生硬的方体房屋通过幕墙的重构，和近处的湖面形成一辐全新的宋式画卷。

通过对宋式山水图的解读，本设计更注重将自然景观与社会景观相融合，意境创造，贵于含蓄蕴藉，极大地增强了园林的赏玩情趣。“崇尚自然，师法自然”，这次的景观设计把建筑、山水、植物有机地融合为一体，在有限的空间范围内利用自然条件，模拟大自然中的美景，采用了独特的虚实结合的空间处理手法。经过加工提炼，把自然美与人工美统一起来，创造出与自然环境协调共生、天人合一的艺术综合体。

园内绿地上的巨石，与周围的幕墙形成空间的呼应，建立起场所中人与自然的情感联系。场景中点缀的白色“月牙石”座台，以本原的方式述说人与自然的和谐共生，以更温暖的语言描绘出生活化的美好场景，让到访者在城市中觅得一处宁静，结庐在人境，不闻车马喧。

多面围合的“虚实结合”的矮墙，加上黑松的背景，密闭的场所空间，让城市的繁杂归于宁静，以林为伴，洗尽铅华。 

Design Description of TANG Art Museum Renovation Project

Project location: Dongguan City, Guangdong Province

Design scale: 8,040㎡

Architecture needs picturesque views

Spring, summer, autumn and winter, morning and evening.

The simplicity of the building will be surrounded by lush nature in the future and integrated into one

Look at space like landscape painting.

 The idea is to look at the appearance at night, there are still four seasons, wind and rain, rain and shine.

This is a building that grows from the earth, it is alive.

Like the Song Dynasty paintings, people appreciate the mountain from another  mountain, the distant mountain speaks about the momentum, and the central part is the inner mountain, which is a section of a natural continuous body, which is a little more peaceful and quiet. 

"Anyone who paints a panoramic view, the mountains overlap and press, and the depths are close to each other, and the distance is known by the close".

As one of the largest industrial production areas in Guangdong Province, Dongguan, as one of the central cities in the Pearl River Delta, is the first of the "Four Tigers" in Guangdong, known as the "World Factory", and is an important hub and foreign trade port in Guangdong.

Lin Xueming's design team, upon receiving this design case, after analysis, should create a work for Dongguan City that can inject powerful cultural elements into the city, and build a public artwork for the "World Factory".

The predecessor of the museum was a state-owned ceramic factory in Wentang Community,Dongguan City. It was established in the 1950s and mainly produced daily-use porcelain such as plates, bowls, and jars. The ceramic factory shut down around 2000, but it has cultivated well-known enterprises and entrepreneurs. The founder auctioned the ceramic factory back through the court auction in 2005 as a property investment. The existing old houses or workshops of the art gallery were built between 1991 and 1995, mainly in 1992. At present, through technical reinforcement of the Ministry, the building can be used normally and passed the acceptance of relevant departments such as construction safety.

Taking the design requirement of "how to create a Song style landscape painting" as the starting point, the design team rethinked the possible forms of art space. With the help of customized black perforated metal mesh, the curtain wall structure of the building is formed, and the black of the curtain wall and the white of the house constitute the main color tone of the building. In order to maintain the integrity of the exhibition hall space, the steel mesh structure and the building body create a certain amount of space, or form a corridor for people to walk on. This approach makes the museum go beyond the ordinary white square box space, and brings a new way of arranging and displaying artworks for the viewers. ——"Whoever paints a panoramic view, the mountains overlap and are pressed, and the distance is close and deep, and the distance is next to the nearest."

Facing the fierce competition for houses along the street, the design team chose an uncontested posture, retreating to find the space and scale of the building. The entrance was retired and weakened, and the courtyard space was also vacated, leaving the focus of the entire case to the building, the reconstructed facade, the additional volume, etc. The "existence" of the roof has also been redefined. Through the reconstruction of the curtain wall, the originally blunt cubic house forms a brand new Song-style picture scroll with the nearby lake.

Through the interpretation of the Song-style landscape map, this design pays more attention to the integration of natural landscape and social landscape. The creation of artistic conception is more valuable than implicit connotation, which greatly enhances the enjoyment of the garden. "Advocate nature, learn from nature", this landscape design organically integrates architecture, landscape, and plants, using natural conditions within a limited space, simulating the beauty of nature, and adopting a unique combination of virtual and real Spatial processing techniques. After processing and refining, the natural beauty and artificial beauty are unified to create an art complex that is in harmony with the natural environment and is in harmony with man and nature.

The huge rocks on the green space in the park form a spatial echo with the surrounding curtain walls, establishing an emotional connection between people and nature in the site. The white "crescent stone" platform dotted in the scene describes the harmonious coexistence of man and nature in a primitive way, and depicts the beautiful scene of birth and activation in a warmer language, allowing visitors to find a peaceful place in the city , The house is in the human environment, and the chariots and horses are ignored.

The multi-faceted "combination of virtual and real" low walls, coupled with the black pine background, and the enclosed space, make the city's complexity return to tranquility, and the forest is the company to wash away the lead.

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