中国领导人对外张开双臂，俩美国老头窝里互掐

Club提要：法国企业家、X（推特）意见领袖，北京对话特约专家阿诺德·贝特朗，应邀赴京参加和平共处五项原则发表70周年纪念活动，并在“从和平共处五项原则到构建人类命运共同体：大变局下‘全球南方’的愿景与使命”分论坛参与讨论。

在这位“中国通”看来，此次活动与同时举行的美国大选首场辩论，形成了鲜明对比。“28号当天，全世界思想成熟的人在北京，而不是在华盛顿”。

阿诺德在“X”上连续发表了自己对于参加纪念活动的感想与观点，并授权北京对话翻译发布如下：

28号，世界上最重要的事件不是灾难性的美国总统辩论，而是在北京举行的和平共处五项原则70周年纪念大会。我有幸亲临现场。

阿诺德出席和平共处五项原则发表70周年纪念活动

首先，什么是和平共处五项原则，它们为什么重要？这些原则最早是由中国为 1954 年《中印协定》提出的。它们是：

1）互相尊重主权和领土完整

2）互不侵犯

3）互不干涉内政

4）平等互利

5）和平共处

时任印度总理尼赫鲁评论道：“如果所有国家的关系中都认同这些原则，那么确实将几乎杜绝冲突，当然也不会有战争”。这就是为什么这些原则很重要，它们本质不是中国原则，而是普世原则；正如尼赫鲁当时正确指出的，如果这些原则得到广泛承认和应用，就会大大减少冲突，甚至可能消除战争。

回到在北京举行的活动，特别是活动期间发表的两则重要讲话：一则是习近平的讲话，另一则是法国前总理多米尼克·德维尔潘（Dominique de Villepin）的讲话，他是法国少有的真正政治家之一。

法国前总理多米尼克·德维尔潘（图源：中欧商会）

德维尔潘的演讲确实不同凡响，他说，我们正处于“亚洲世纪”，他相信“世界的未来将在亚洲书写”。德维尔潘表示，他“相信现在是时候根据习主席提出的人类命运共同体倡议，重新制定（五项原则）并与全世界分享其精神”。他解释说，“每当你致力于推动和平事业时，你就会发现这五项原则是几乎可以解锁任何问题的钥匙”。他认为，“五项原则的提出为当今世界带来的重要启示”是：

1）“和平事业可以超越文化、历史和政治制度的差异，根据植根于我们共同人性、理性和灵性的共同原则”；

2）“集团对抗的冷战思维并非必然”；

3）“国际法是必不可少的，但要使其发挥作用并保持活力，就必须植根于原则、文化和承诺之中”。

他认为，“当下，五项原则的传统愈发重要，因为它提醒我们，我们正处于世界各地对抗和战争的边缘”。简而言之，德维尔潘勾画出的是个濒临灾难的世界，坚持五项原则和中国提出的人类命运共同体是让世界重回希望轨道的关键。

习近平的演讲与德维尔潘的演讲内涵高度相似。德维尔潘提到，“和平事业可以超越文化、历史和政治制度的差异，基于共同原则”，习近平提到，“凡是遵循五项原则，即使社会制度和意识形态不同、历史文化和宗教信仰不同、发展水平和体量规模不同的国家，也完全可以建立和发展相互信任和友好合作的关系。五项原则为和平解决国家间历史遗留问题及国际争端开辟了崭新道路”。

德维尔潘认为“集团对抗的冷战思维并非必然”，习近平也表示，五项原则“超越了‘集团政治’、‘势力范围’等陈旧狭隘观念和对立对抗思维”。

在讲话中，习近平充分肯定了中国将坚持五项原则，并支持更广泛的公道正义，否则，“强权政治就会横行无忌，弱肉强食就会大行其道”。为此，他呼吁“联合国权威和核心地位只能加强”，因为中国“要坚持国际规则由各国共同书写、共同维护。世界上的事要由各国商量着办，不能允许谁的‘胳膊粗’就听谁的”。习近平斩钉截铁地表示，“中国走和平发展道路的决心不会改变。我们绝不走殖民掠夺的老路，也绝不走国强必霸的歪路”。

6月28日，习近平再和平共处五项原则70周年纪念大会上发表主旨演讲（图源：新华社）

我希望你们同意，为什么上述信息，比（美国）两位年迈候选人争论谁的高尔夫球技能更高超、谁说的谎话最多，要重要得多。全世界思想成熟的人昨天都在北京，而不是在华盛顿。每个稍有常识的人都会明白，对于世界来说，和平共处比集团对抗要明智得多。

好消息是，中国完全致力于和平共处，等于我们已经成功一半了。一些备受尊重的欧洲高级政治家，如德维尔潘，也对此表示赞同，表明这不仅仅是中国、亚洲甚至全球南方的梦想，西方也能从中看到价值。

当然，现在最大的问题是：美国如何才能认清正道，接受与世界其他国家和平共处，尤其是与中国，而不是寻求支配或遏制中国？

（翻译：李泽西）

英文原文：

The most important event in the world yesterday wasn't the disastrous presidential debate in the US, but it was the 70th anniversary of the 5 Principles of Peaceful Coexistence happening in Beijing. I was lucky enough to be attending in person.

First of all, what are the 5 principles of peaceful coexistence, and why do they matter? The principles were first proposed by China for the purpose of the 1954 Sino-Indian Agreement, also called the Panchsheel Agreement. They are:

1) mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty,

2) mutual non aggression,

3) mutual non-interference in each other's internal affairs,

4) equality and co-operation for mutual benefit

5) peaceful co-existence

At the time Nehru, then Prime Minister of India, commented: "If these principles were recognized in the mutual relations of all countries, then indeed there would hardly be any conflict and certainly no war." And that's why they matter, at heart they aren't Chinese but universal principles that - as Nehru rightly said at the time - if recognized and applied, would dramatically reduce conflict and probably eliminate war.

Now let's go to yesterday's event in Beijing. And let's specifically focus on two important speeches made during the event: one by Xi Jinping and the other by Dominique de Villepin, my former Prime Minister and one of the rare actual statesmen we have left in France. Let's start with De Villepin's speech, which I filmed myself yesterday:

A truly extraordinary speech from a former French Prime Minister, where he said we were in "the Asian century", and that he believed "the world's future would be written here, in Asia." De Villepin said he "believed now is the time to formulate [the 5 principles] anew and share their spirit with all the world in line with the initiative of the community for a shared future proposed by President Xi." He explained that "whenever you work on concrete peace you find these 5 principles to be the keys that can unlock almost any lock." To him the "key lessons of the formulation of the 5 principles for today's world" are:

1) "Beyond differences of cultures, histories and political systems, peace is possible based on shared principles rooted in our common humanity, rationality and spirituality"

2) "Cold war mentality, bloc against bloc, is not a fatality" (as in, it's avoidable)

3) "International law is essential but to come to life and to stay alive it needs to be rooted in principles, in culture, in commitment".

He says that "never has the legacy of the 5 principles been as important as today because it reminds us that we are on the brink of confrontation and war everywhere around the world". In short De Villepin paints a picture of a world on the brink of disaster, with the commitment to the 5 principles and China's proposal for a community with a shared future being the key to put the world back on a hopeful track.

Xi's speech is remarkably similar in its essence to what De Villepin said. Just like De Villepin said that "beyond differences of cultures, histories and political systems, peace is possible based on shared principles", Xi explains that "when following the 5 Principles, even countries that differ from each other in social system, ideology, history, culture, faith, development stage, and size can build a relationship of mutual trust, friendship and cooperation. The Five Principles offer a new path toward peaceful settlement of historic issues and international disputes."

And like De Villepin explained that "cold war mentality, bloc against bloc, is not a fatality", Xi explains that "obsolete, narrow-minded, antagonistic and confrontational mindsets such as bloc politics and sphere of influence" can be "triumphed" upon by the 5 principles.

In the speech, Xi fully confirmed China's commitment to the 5 principles and to "to fairness and justice" more generally because "without them, power politics will be the order of the day, and the weak will be at the mercy of the strong". For this, he called to strengthen "the authority and central role of the United Nations" because China's "goal is that international rules should be made and observed by all countries. World affairs should be handled through extensive consultation, not dictated by those with more muscles." In a very strong statement Xi said that "China's resolve to stay on the path of peaceful development will not change. We will never take the trodden path of colonial plundering, or the wrong path of seeking hegemony when one becomes strong."

I hope you agree why this is all immensely more important than two elderly candidates arguing over their golf handicap and over which of them lies most. The world's adults were in Beijing yesterday, not in Washington. Everyone with a modicum of common sense can understand that peaceful coexistence is a FAR more sensible alternative for the world than bloc confrontation.

And the good news is that China - half the equation - is fully committed to it. And that some senior European statesmen who command in a lot of respect - like De Villepin - agree with it, showing that it isn't just a Chinese, Asian, or even Global South dream but that it is something that the West can also see value in.

Now of course the big question is: how can America see the light and accept to peacefully coexisting with the rest of the world - China in particular - as opposed to seeking to dominate or contain it?