5 Summaries about IB Language Education IB语言教育的五大概述

The IB offers three high-quality and challenging educational programmes for a worldwide community of schools, aiming to create a better, more peaceful world through the development of intercultural understanding and international-mindedness. The role of language, in the case of IB programmes, is valued as central to developing critical thinking, which is essential for the cultivation of intercultural awareness and international-mindedness. Crucial for the success of the programmes is a rich development of language and multiliteracies for all learners.

IB，即国际文凭项目，为来自全球各地的学校提供三个高质量且富有挑战性的教育项目，并通过促进跨文化理解与国际思维培养，追求创造一个更美好、和平的世界。在IB 课程中，语言的作用被认为是培养批判性思维的核心，而批判性思维对于培养具有跨文化意识，兼具国际思维能力的世界公民至关重要。国际文凭项目成功的关键在于它为所有学习者提供了丰富的语言及多元读写的学习发展机会。

语言教学

LANGUAGE

Here are 5 key elements to help you understand how languages function in the IB education according to its role:

这篇文章将通过以下五大概述，帮助您清晰了解语言在IB教育中的作用。

Element One 概述一

Language learning includes the development of home and family languages, languages of the school, additional languages and literacy. Language learning and teaching are social acts, dependent on relationships with the self and others, with context, with the environment, and with the world. The development of language is fundamental to the instinctive human need to communicate. This is integral to exploring and sustaining cognitive and personal development and cultural identity.

语言学习是一个发展的过程，包括家庭成员语言、学校语言、其它语言和读写能力的发展。语言的教与学属于社会性行为，基于人与人、人与环境以及人与世界的连接。语言的发展对人类交流这一本能需求至关重要，对于探索和维持认知、促进个人发展以及文化认同是不可或缺的。

Element Two 概述二

Language is a means of affirming and expressing cultural identity and developing international-mindedness. IB welcomes all students and seeks to understand, affirm and promote their language and cultural backgrounds through the learning community and curriculum. All students have a unique language profile shaped by relationships and interactions within their own family, culture and the wider world. The continued development of home and family languages is crucial for cognitive growth and in nourishing cultural identity.

语言是一种肯定和表达文化认同、培养国际思维的手段。国际文凭组织欢迎所有学生加入IB学习社区、参与到IB项目的学习中，以此加深他们对自身语言的认同感，进一步成为自身民族文化的传承者与推广者。所有学生都有自身特定的语言轮廓/特征，这是通过他们自身的家庭与文化，与更加广阔的世界不断产生相互联系与作用之下形成的。家庭语言的持续发展对认知能力的发展以及文化归属感的培养具备重要意义。

Element Three 概述三

Multilingualism benefits learns and the learning community in a variety of ways. IB schools are committed to multilingualism as a means of affirming cultural identity and developing international-mindedness. The term “multilingualism” refers to linguistic ability in more than one language and recognizes that each of a student’s languages may be developed to different levels, and within different contexts, depending on their social and academic experiences. Multilingualism is significant in building international-mindedness as it gives students insight into the thinking and perspectives of the self and others. Language enables students to gather and compare points of view, and to show empathy, compassion and respect.

多语言能力对个人的学习以及学习型社区的发展的多项益处。IB学校坚持把多语言作为培养学生文化认同感和发展国际化思维的一大方式。多语言能力指的是个体能够使用一种以上语言的能力。基于个人的社会及学习经历，每个学生身上的每一种特定语言能力都可以在不同的语境中得到不同程度的发展。之所以多语言能够助力国际化思维的培养，在于学生能够通过语言的交流发现、理解自己与他人的思维特性与观点，学生能够通过这种语言交流上的互动，进行多方讯息和观点的交互与比较，并展现他们的同理心以及对他人的尊重。

Element Four 概述四

Schools provide students with multiple, authentic opportunities to learn language, learn about language and learn through language.

学校为学生提供了多种多样的学习语言、了解语言并通过语言作为媒介进一步学习的机会。

「Learning language 学习语言」

Learning takes place when new knowledge is integrated with existing knowledge and conceptual frameworks. Students seek to make meaning from what they see and hear, and in responding to others they test out their hypotheses of language. From the responses they receive, students formulate new understandings of language and how it works.

当新知识与现有知识与概念框架相结合时，学习这个过程就产生了。学生通过所闻所见寻求意义所在，在回应他人的过程中，他们用语言阐释自己的观点。而通过接收他人传达的讯息，学生将进一步产生对自身语言能力及其运作方式的理解。

「Learning about language 学习语言相关的知识」

Language is a visual, print and oral symbolic system with its own codes and signals. Therefore, language learning also involves learning about language—its form, conventions and contextual use.

语言是由视觉、印刷品以及口头表达组成的象征系统，有着自成体系的一套“代码”与“信号”。因此，语言学习也包括学习语言相关的知识，如语言的起源、语言的习俗以及不同语境中语言的使用。

「Learning through language 透过语言学习」

As communicators and collaborators, students engage with language at school in multiple contexts and multiple modes--they listen, read, speak, perform, write and view text in order to make meaning, and explore and share new understandings and knowledge—and it can be under any subject or topics. Learning is embedded within language and is underpinned by relationships as a reciprocal meaning-making process. Teachers scaffold language within learning in order to facilitate successful access to the resources and ideas students need in the pursuit of their inquiries. They use language to provoke thought, spark interest and promote independent, motivated learners.

作为交流者和协作者，学生在学校里的多种情境和多种模式中接触语言——他们在听、说、读、写、表演和阅读中赋予语言的意义，并在这一过程中不断探索、分享任意主题和领域的新知识。学习根植于语言，并通过两者间的积极交互作用不断进行巩固加强。老师帮助学生构建语言框架，目的在于帮助他们在满足求知欲的同时获得所需的资源与信息，并通过语言来激发学生的思考、兴趣，培养独立与积极的学习者。

Element Five 概述五

The student language portrait is a tool that captures a learner’s complex language profile. Language backgrounds, experiences and goals are some of the factors inherent in a student’s language profile. These factors may be captured through the tool of a student language portrait. The portrait may also include students’ perspectives and preferences, interviews with families and examples of language competencies in home and family languages. This information informs planning, enabling teachers to tap into the knowledge and strengths of students and facilitate further language development.

学生的语言能力写照是映射语言学习者其复杂语言程度的一个工具。学生的语言程度包括其语言背景、经验以及进一步学习的目标。这些要素能够通过语言能力写照反映。写照还包括学生的个人观点与偏好，以及家庭语言能力。这些信息为学习计划提供依据，能够帮助老师更进一步了解学生目前的能力和优势所在，以进一步促进学生的语言发展。

Conclusion 结语

Language wraps itself around, in, through and between everything that teachers and learners do in the classroom. Language shapes our thinking; specific patterns of dialogue and discourse help develop particular kinds of learning and cognitive processes. Language plays a vital role in the construction of meaning and provides an intellectual framework to support conceptual development. It is imperative for the development of literacy and multiliteracies and is linked to empowerment through success in school and subsequently society.

语言作为学生与教师之间交流的媒介，贯穿整个课堂。语言塑造着每个人的思维；特定的沟通与话语模式也有助于发展特定类型的学习与认知。语言的存在对于意义的建构起着至关重要的作用，并为概念发展提供了智力框架支持。同时，语言也对学生的读写能力和多元读写有着积极的重要影响，进一步助力他们在学校以及日后在社会上获得成就。

【Author 本文作者】

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