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Python脚本实现数据库自动化备份
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import datetime
import os
import subprocess
# 数据库备份目录
BACKUP_DIR = '/path/to/backup'
# 备份文件保留周期(天)
RETENTION_PERIOD = 7
# 备份数据库
def backup_database():
current_time = datetime.datetime.now()
backup_file = f"backup_{current_time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')}.sql"
backup_path = os.path.join(BACKUP_DIR, backup_file)
# 使用 subprocess 模块执行数据库备份命令
backup_command = [
'mysqldump',
'-u',
'username',
'-p',
'password',
'--all-databases'
]
with open(backup_path, 'w') as backup_file:
subprocess.run(backup_command, stdout=backup_file)
print(f"数据库备份已完成,备份文件保存为: {backup_path}")
# 清理过期备份文件
def cleanup_backup():
current_time = datetime.datetime.now()
cutoff_time = current_time - datetime.timedelta(days=RETENTION_PERIOD)
for file in os.listdir(BACKUP_DIR):
file_path = os.path.join(BACKUP_DIR, file)
if os.path.isfile(file_path):
file_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(file_path))
if file_time < cutoff_time:
os.remove(file_path)
print(f"过期备份文件已删除: {file_path}")
# 恢复数据库
def restore_database(backup_file, restore_time):
backup_path = os.path.join(BACKUP_DIR, backup_file)
# 使用 subprocess 模块执行数据库恢复命令
restore_command = [
'mysql',
'-u',
'username',
'-p',
'password'
]
with open(backup_path, 'r') as backup_file:
subprocess.run(restore_command, stdin=backup_file)
print(f"数据库已成功恢复到时间点: {restore_time}")
# 主函数
def main():
# 执行数据库备份
backup_database()
# 清理过期备份文件
cleanup_backup()
# 恢复数据库到指定时间点
restore_database('backup_20220101120000.sql', '2022-01-01 12:00:00')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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