【前沿追踪】绿色创新文献分享
绿色创新文献分享
Green innovation
面对资源困境和环境保护的现实制约，推动经济绿色增长和结构转型，实现经济可持续发展逐渐成为全社会共识。绿色创新、环境创新或生态创新，是指涉及对投入和产出因素进行全生命周期处理的创新，以减少企业经济活动对环境的负面影响。绿色创新能够展现企业积极承担环境保护职责的社会担当，满足利益相关者的环境诉求，降低生产成本和环境成本，帮助企业树立竞争新优势。因此，现有研究越来越关注企业绿色创新的影响因素及其对企业绩效的影响机制和路径。本次筛选了五篇国外学术期刊论文，围绕“绿色创新与企业绩效”这一主题，探讨绿色发明过程中不同阶段的技术多样性，以及企业绿色创新的影响因素和推动企业财务绩效、环境绩效的路径问题，以期对此领域最新的国外研究进展进行梳理。
PART.1
Green Technologies and diversity in the knowledge search and output phases: Evidence from European Patents
知识搜索和输出阶段的绿色技术和多样性:来自欧洲专利的证据
Keywords:
Green technologies; Knowledge recombination; Patents; Technological diversity; Knowledge search; Knowledge output
关键词：
绿色技术；知识重组；专利；技术多样性；知识搜索；知识输出
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to investigate technological diversity in the knowledge search and the knowledge output stages of the green inventive process. Exploiting a large sample of European patent data, from 1980 to 2013, the paper explores the degree of diversity in green inventions, comparing the recombinant features of green technologies with a control sample of non-green technologies selected through propensity score matching techniques. Empirical results suggest that green technologies show a higher degree of diversity of the knowledge sources and a higher technological diversity in how knowledge is effectively recombined. We further find that the green diversity premium is higher in the knowledge output phase than in the knowledge search phase. We conclude that the assessment of the role of technological diversity along the different phases of the invention process may improve the appropriate organization of innovative activities and policy design necessary for stimulating green technological developments and support a feasible sustainable transition.
摘要：
本研究的目的是调查绿色发明过程中的知识搜索和知识输出阶段的技术多样性。本文利用 1980 年至 2013 年的大量欧洲专利数据样本，探讨了绿色发明的多样性程度，将绿色技术的重组特征与通过倾向得分匹配技术选择的非绿色技术的对照样本进行了比较。实证结果表明，绿色技术在知识来源方面表现出更高程度的多样性，在知识有效重组方面也表现出更高的技术多样性。我们进一步发现，知识输出阶段的绿色多样性溢价高于知识搜索阶段的绿色多样性溢价。我们的结论是，评估技术多样性在发明过程中不同阶段的作用可以改善创新活动的适当组织和政策设计，这是刺激绿色技术发展和支持可行的可持续转型所必需的。
参考文献：
Fusillo Fabrizio. Green Technologies and diversity in the knowledge search and output phases: Evidence from European Patents[J]. Research Policy,2023,524:104727.
PART.2
Does Collective DecisionMaking Promote SOEs' Green Innovation? Evidence from China
集体决策能否促进国有企业的绿色创新？来自中国的证据
Keywords:
Enterprise green innovation; Collective decision making; The "Three Importances and One Greatness"; Short sighted management; Corporate green investment
关键词：
企业绿色创新；集体决策；“三重一大”；管理短视；企业绿色投资
Abstract:
Green development is the main theme of today's economic and social development. Given the principle of "a promising government and an effective market", how to promote the green development of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) through government regulations is a scientific problem to be solved urgently. Leveraging the quasinatural experiment of the Opinions on Further Promoting the Implementation of the "Three Importances and One Greatness" Decision-making System in SOEs by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council in 2010 in China, we examine the impact of the "Three Importances and One Greatness" system on SOEs’ green innovation and its mechanism. The results show that the enforcement of this system significantly improves the green innovation level of SOEs. Specifically, the green innovation level of SOEs increased by 23.98% on average after the implementation of the system, which is equivalent to an average increase of 1.271 in green patents granted. Moreover, the mechanism test results show that the effect of "Three Importances and One Greatness" on the green innovation level of SOEs occurs by inhibiting management myopia and increasing enterprises’ green investments. Furthermore, the impact of the collective decision-making system on the level of green innovation is more pronounced among firms separated by their large scale and high media attention.
摘要：
绿色发展是当今经济社会发展的主旋律。在“有为政府、有效市场”的原则下，如何通过政府监管促进国有企业绿色发展是一个亟待解决的科学问题。利用2010年中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅《关于进一步推进国有企业贯彻落实“三重一大”决策制度的意见》的准自然实验,我们考察了“三重一大”制度对国有企业绿色创新的影响及其机制。结果表明，该制度的实施显著提高了国有企业的绿色创新水平。具体来说，该制度实施后，国有企业绿色创新水平平均提高了23.98%，相当于绿色专利授权量平均增加了1.271项。而且，机制检验结果表明，“三重一大”对国有企业绿色创新水平的影响是通过抑制管理短视、增加企业绿色投资来实现的。此外，集体决策制度对绿色创新水平的影响在规模较大、媒体关注程度较高的企业中更为明显。
参考文献：
Cheng, B., Li, Z., Qiu, B. et al. Does Collective Decision-Making Promote SOEs' Green Innovation? Evidence from China[J]. Journal of Business Ethics，2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-023-05495-w
PART.3
Does green public procurement trigger environmental innovations?
绿色公共采购会引发环境创新吗？
Keywords:
Green public procurement; Environmental innovation; Demand pull
关键词：
绿色公共采购；环境创新；需求拉动
Abstract:
Green public procurement has gained high political priority and is argued to be an effective demand-side policy to trigger environmental innovations. However, the empirical evidence on its innovation impact is limited. We construct a novel firm-level dataset to investigate the effect of winning public procurement tenders with additional environmental award criteria on firms’ introduction of environmental innovations. Employing cross-sectional difference-in-differences methods, we find that winning public procurement awards with environmental selection criteria increases a firm’s probability of introducing more environmentally friendly products on average by 20 percentage points. We show that this effect is driven by small and medium-sized firms and is not statistically significant for larger firms. Furthremore, there is no statistically significant effect on the introduction of more environmentally friendly processes.
摘要：
绿色公共采购得到了政府的高度重视，被认为是一项从需求端激发环境创新的有效政策。然而，关于其创新影响的实证有限。我们构建了一个新颖的企业级数据集，以调查中标具有附加环境奖励标准的公共采购招标对企业开展环境创新活动的影响。采用双重差分法，我们发现，赢得具有环境选择标准的公共采购奖项可使公司推出更环保产品的可能性平均增加20个百分点。我们表明，这种效应是由中小型企业驱动的，而对于大公司来说在统计上并不显著。此外，赢得具有环境选择标准的公共采购奖项对公司引入更环保工艺的可能性没有统计上的显著影响。
参考文献：
Krieger Bastian,Zipperer Vera. Does green public procurement trigger environmental innovations?[J]. Research Policy,2022,516:104516.
PART.4
Green innovation and financial performance: A study on Italian firms
绿色创新与财务绩效：对意大利企业的研究
Keywords:
Environmental innovation; Product innovation; Process innovation; Organisational innovation; Marketing innovation; Financial performance; Synergies
关键词：
环境创新；产品创新；流程创新；组织创新；营销创新；财务绩效；协同效应
Abstract:
As the environmental agenda gains momentum all over the world, enterprises face the challenge of combining economic and environmental goals. An obvious, recurrent, and yet not fully answered question is whether, and under which circumstances, an improvement in a firm’s environmental performance leads to higher profits. Looking at innovation data, the present study, addresses the question whether Environmental Innovation (EI) is synergic with other types of innovation. To this aim, we separately consider the competitive gains from efficiency increases and cost savings due to different types of environmental innovations (EI) affecting the supply and the demand sides of a firm’s activity. Using the Italian CIS dataset (2006–2008), we identify synergic interactions between EI and some but not all other types of innovation.
摘要：
随着解决环境问题的议程在世界各地的发展加快，企业面临着将经济和环境目标结合起来的挑战。一个显而易见的、反复出现的、但尚未完全回答的问题是，企业环境绩效的改善是否以及在何种情况下会带来更高的利润。从创新数据来看，本研究解决了环境创新是否与其他类型的创新具有协同作用的问题。为此，我们分别考虑了由于不同类型的环境创新影响公司活动的供需方而提高效率和节省成本所带来的竞争优势。使用意大利独联体数据集（2006-2008），我们确定了环境创新与部分类型的创新之间的协同相互作用。
参考文献：
Vasileiou Efi,Georgantzis Nikolaos,Attanasi Giuseppe,Llerena Patrick. Green innovation and financial performance: A study on Italian firms[J]. Research Policy,2022,516:104530.
PART.5
Innovation vs. standardization: The conjoint effects of eco-innovation and environmental management systems on environmental performance
创新与标准化：生态创新和环境管理体系对环境绩效的共同影响
Keywords:
Eco-innovation; Green patents; Environmental performance; Environmental management systems; Resource-based view; Organizational rigidities
关键词：
生态创新；绿色专利；环境绩效；环境管理体系；资源基础观；组织僵化
Abstract:
In this study, we first analyze whether firms’ eco-innovation, manifested through green patents, improves environmental performance. Then, we assess whether adopting environmental management systems (EMS) that follow standardized guidelines enhances the potential of eco-innovation to improve environmental performance. To test our predictions, we build a unique firm-level dataset that combines global data on green patents, EMS adoption, and performance from five different data sources. The data support the positive effect of eco-innovation on environmental performance. However, our results show that adopting EMS, rather than strengthening the positive impact of eco-innovation on environmental performance, generates organizational rigidities that weaken the eco-innovation–environmental performance link. After conducting a set of qualitative post hoc interviews with elite informants, our surprising findings became more meaningful. Furthermore, we conducted a set of additional tests to validate our results in different scenarios where organizational rigidities could be a pivotal factor in explaining environmental performance differences connected to eco-innovation. This study has relevant theoretical and practical implications for the design and adoption of EMS and the conjoint dynamics between innovation and standardization practices to improve performance.
摘要：
在本研究中，我们首先分析了企业通过绿色专利体现的生态创新是否改善了环境绩效。然后，我们评估了采用遵循标准化指南的环境管理体系（EMS）是否可以提高生态创新改善环境绩效的可能性。为了检验假设，我们构建了一个独特的公司级数据集，该数据集汇聚了来自五个不同数据源有关绿色专利、环境管理体系采用和绩效的全球数据。数据支持生态创新对环境绩效的积极影响。然而，我们的研究结果表明，采用环境管理体系并没有加强生态创新对环境绩效的积极影响，反而会产生组织僵化，从而削弱生态创新与环境绩效之间的联系。在对精英受访者进行了一系列定性的事后采访后，这个令人惊讶的发现变得更加有意义。此外，我们还进行了一系列额外的测试，以验证我们在不同场景中的结果，在这些场景中，组织僵化可能是解释与生态创新相关的环境绩效差异的关键因素。这项研究对于 EMS 的设计和采用以及创新与标准化实践之间的共同作用以提高绩效具有相关的理论和实践意义。
参考文献：
Valero-Gil Jesus,Surroca Jordi A.,Tribo Josep A.,Gutierrez Leopoldo,Montiel Ivan. Innovation vs. standardization: The conjoint effects of eco-innovation and environmental management systems on environmental performance[J]. Research Policy,2023,524:104737.
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图文：周琦玮、程爽
编辑：李发珍
审核：宁靓、姜忠辉