【前沿追踪】复杂产品系统顶刊文献分享

复杂产品系统顶刊文献分享

复杂产品系统（CoPS）是研发成本高、规模大、技术含量高（技术密集）、用户定制、单件或小批生产的大型产品、系统或基础设施，包括大型电信通讯系统、大型计算机、航空航天系统、智能大厦、大型船舶、航天工程、海洋工程、电站等。CoPS 产业与现代工业息息相关，而且都是关系到国计民生的大型产品和系统，整个 CoPS产业的总产值占 GDP 的份额一直较高。英国学者Miller等（1995）通过调查得出复杂产品系统至少占GDP的11%，他们的研究指出英国之所以能够维持其在世界经济中的地位，复杂产品系统功不可没。由此可见，复杂产品系统的创新对于企业以及国家的发展都会产生较大影响，在现有研究中针对复杂产品系统创新的文章数量不少。在Management innovation in complex products and systems: The case of integrated project teams一文中，基于对组织关系的探究，提出了复杂产品系统管理创新的过程。在A reverse engineering-based model for innovation process in Complex product systems: Multiple case studies in the aviation industry这篇文章中，引入逆向工程视角，基于对航空工业的多个案例研究，最终提出复杂产品系统创新过程模型。在The coordination of technology development for Complex products and systems innovations一文中，基于网络视角，以瑞典航空航天网络为研究客体，探索复杂产品系统(CoPS)创新的早期阶段，如何协调技术开发这一核心问题。

PART.1

Management innovation in complex products and systems: The case of integrated project teams

复杂产品系统中的管理创新：以集成项目团队为例

Keywords: Management innovation process；Inter-organizational relationship；Integrated project team；Organizational structure；CoPS；Longitudinal case study

关键词：管理创新过程；组织间关系；一体化项目团队；组织结构；CoPS；纵向案例研究

Abstract:

This paper examines the process of a management innovation in complex products and systems (CoPS). Prior literature offers limited theoretical and empirical insights into how an inter-organizational relationship delivers CoPS by moving towards ‘integrated project teams’ over time. The research is based on an in-depth, longitudinal case study, drawing on 34 semi-structured interviews and secondary data from following a client-contractor relationship in the UK water industry over time. The study draws out the various management innovation development phases. It also provides detailed insights in the developments and benefits of setting up integrated project teams. The study contributes to extant literature and practice by linking previously separate research streams of organizational design and management innovation with the management of CoPS.

摘要：

本文考察了复杂产品系统管理创新的过程。先前的文献对组织间关系如何随着时间的推移向“综合项目团队”转变来生产CoPS提供了有限的理论和实证见解。本文基于一项深入的纵向案例研究，通过34次半结构化访谈和长期跟踪英国水务行业客户与承包商关系的二手数据，最终得出了管理创新发展的各个阶段，还给出了关于建立综合项目团队的发展和好处的见解。该研究通过将组织设计和管理创新的研究与CoPS的管理联系起来，为现有文献和实践做出了贡献。

参考文献：

Roehrich J K, Davies A, Frederiksen L, et al. Management innovation in complex products and systems: The case of integrated project teams[J]. Industrial Marketing Management, 2019, 79: 84-93.

PART.2

A reverse engineering-based model for innovation process in Complex product systems: Multiple case studies in the aviation industry

基于逆向工程的复杂产品系统创新过程模型——航空工业的多个案例研究

Keywords: Innovation process；Reverse engineering (RE)；Forward engineering (FE)；Complex product systems (CoPS)；New product development (NPD)；Product life cycle；Aviation industry

关键词：创新过程；逆向工程（RE）；正向工程（FE）；复杂产品系统（CoPS）；新产品开发（NPD）；产品生命周期；航空工业

Abstract：Reverse engineering is an activity of innovation based on knowledge and data acquired from the earlier design, which plays a significant role in complex product systems (CoPS) industries. However, no study has yet been conducted on the innovation process based on reverse engineering in these industries. This paper provides a model for this process and addresses hidden and unknown interactions between reverse and forward engineering. We argue how reverse engineering in CoPS projects can lead to the designing and manufacturing of an innovative product. First of all, an analytical framework was developed by reviewing extant literature on reverse engineering and innovation process models. Then, a ten-step process model was developed by a chronological multiple case study of three CoPS in the aviation industry and analyzing reverse and forward engineering in cross-case comparison. The stages of the model included; data evaluation and verification, technical data generation, design verification, design implementation, concept, development, production, utilization, support, and retirement. This model is a complex system of dynamic, iterative, concurrent, recursive, and time-interdependent processes. It is capable of providing a systematic, pragmatic, and detailed framework for better management of the innovation process in CoPS as designed and produced based on reverse engineering.

摘要：逆向工程是一种基于早期设计中获得的知识和数据的创新活动，在复杂产品系统（CoPS）行业中发挥着重要作用。然而，尚未对这些行业基于逆向工程的创新过程进行深入探究。本文为这一过程提供了一个模型，并解决了逆向工程和正向工程之间隐藏且未知的相互作用。我们讨论了CoPS项目中的逆向工程如何导致创新产品的设计和制造。首先，通过回顾现有的逆向工程和创新过程模型的文献，建立了一个分析框架。然后，通过对航空工业中三个CoPS纵向案例以及跨案例的比较中分析逆向工程和正向工程，建立了一个十步过程模型。模型的阶段包括：数据评估和验证、技术数据生成、设计验证、设计实施、概念、开发、生产、使用、支持和退役。该模型是一个由动态、迭代、并发、递归和时间相互依赖的过程组成的复杂系统。它能够提供一个系统、实用和详细的框架，以更好地管理基于逆向工程设计和生产的CoPS中的创新过程。

参考文献：

Rozesara M, Ghazinoori S, Manteghi M, et al. A reverse engineering-based model for innovation process in complex product systems: Multiple case studies in the aviation industry[J]. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 2023, 69: 101765.

PART.3

The coordination of technology development for complex products and systems innovations

复杂产品系统创新的技术开发协调

Key words: Technological innovation; Network coordination; Technology development; Complex product and systems; Strategic nets;Technology readiness levels

关键词: 技术创新;网络协调;技术开发;复杂产品系统;战略网络;技术就绪水平

Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore earlier stages of complex products and systems (CoPS) innovations, investigating how technology development can be coordinated.

Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses a case study methodology, adopting an abductive logic, characterized by a nonlinear and iterative process of systematic confrontations between theoretical framework, empirical fieldwork and case analysis. Specifically, the authors study the Swedish aerospace network, which distinctly represents the CoPS characteristics of intense technology development with long-term goals and project-based activities with universities, research institutes, small medium enterprises and leading firms.Findings – By adding the network perspective in the CoPS literature, the authors found that technology development can be coordinated within the technological and the business dimensions and according to different strategic nets. Also, the authors found that strategic nets co-evolve when their related projects are connected and advance in maturity, and their actors change their network position.

Originality/value – Current research on CoPS often recognizes that the survival and growth of a firm depend on its ability to coordinate innovative projects that are usually implemented during technology development. The findings contribute to this literature by showing how such projects can be implemented through agenda construction and the simultaneous coordination of strategic nets, leading to the synchronization of resources and activities. As such, this study’s framework offers a novel and integrative view of how the short-run and long-run strategies of leading firms can be aligned, and how other actors can contribute to the direction of the innovation path.

摘要:

摘要: 目的-本文的目的是探索复杂产品系统(CoPS)创新的早期阶段，如何协调技术开发。方法-本文采用案例研究方法，采用溯因逻辑，其特点是理论框架、实证实地调查和案例分析之间的系统对抗的非线性和迭代过程。具体而言，研究了瑞典航空航天网络，该网络拥有CoPS的典型特点，即具有长期目标的密集技术开发以及与大学、研究机构、中小企业和领先公司开展的基于项目的活动。通过在CoPS文献中添加网络视角，发现技术开发可以在技术和业务维度内,根据不同的战略网络进行协调。研究还发现，当战略网络的相关项目相互连接并走向成熟时，战略网络会发生共同演化，而战略网络中的行动者也会发生网络位置的变化。价值-目前对CoPS的研究通常认识到，公司的生存和发展取决于其协调创新项目的能力，这些项目通常在技术开发期间实施。研究结果通过展示如何基于议程构建和战略网络的同步协调来实施这些项目，从而导致资源和活动的同步。因此，本研究的框架提供了一个新颖而综合的观点，即领先企业的短期和长期战略如何协调一致，以及其他参与者如何为创新路径的方向做出贡献。

参考文献：

França J A, Lakemond N, Holmberg G. The coordination of technology development for complex products and systems innovations[J]. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 2022, 37(13): 106-123.

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图文：李发珍

编辑：李发珍

审核：宁靓、姜忠辉