Chinese Culture During Lockdown 战“疫”封城下的中国文化 III
"I read what seduces me, I write what perverts me. "
- Heather Cai -
---Mike Clark, Spring Festival of 2020 | 今年春节的麦克
Written by Mike Clark, this is a detailed account of what he knew and saw in Shenzhen during the lockdown of China. It will be posted every Monday 7am till the end.
Put PLUGH at the start of your email title to avoid going to junk, if you like to contact Mike:
Mike-in-Shenzhen@outlook.com
感谢麦克·克拉克撰写和分享他就中国封城期间深圳疫情发生的所见所想，希望让世界看到战“疫”下的中国人民做得最好！本栏目于每周一早7点定时发布，直至结束。
---Chinese Swipe Left | 左滑中文---
Covid-19
Chinese Culture During Lockdown
By Mike Clark
June 16th, 2020
新冠病毒
战“疫”封城下的中国文化
麦克·克拉克
2020.6.16
Special Thanks to Holly, Jane and the Gang at Shenzhen Daily
特别感谢Holly、Jane以及《深圳日报》的伙伴们
Back to the News
The SZDaily started posting again on the 29th and reported that there had been 63 confirmed cases of whom 4 had recovered and the rest in PH3. “So far, more than 240 doctors and 310 nurses of Shenzhen No.3 People's Hospital had participated in the fight against the epidemic.” The hospital was referred to as sometimes having five hundred beds and sometimes one thousand. I think the smaller number is more likely, but maybe with capacity to expand.
The City Government stated that food was in good supply and I could see no shortages of fresh food and groceries throughout. There was no panic buying and my closest supermarket, within the Weipeng Gardens compound, somewhat over ordered on toilet paper and had to find places to put it.
On the 30th SZDaily publish a piece telling foreigners what to do. It stated the obvious points including “Don’t go to Wuhan” – I don’t think it was possible by then.
The piece on the 31st is coming closer to the standard format, but still without the graphs, and noted 134 cases by this time. The big news report on that day was “Novel coronavirus outbreak a global health emergency: WHO”
“WORLD Health Organization (WHO) Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said Thursday that the novel coronavirus outbreak has become a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).” He praised China and added “In many ways, China is actually setting a new standard for outbreak response”.
And the World continued its hurried planning.
On the 1st of February SZDaily report 60 new cases and on the following day another 26 cases and the disturbing news that 3 of them had been infected locally. Then on the 3rd, along with another 30 cases bringing the total to 226, the details of the locally infected people were published.
“All three patients had neither left Shenzhen nor made contact with infected or suspected cases within one full incubation period (14 days) before the onset of their illness. Moreover, to their knowledge they had not been exposed to people showing symptoms of acute respiratory infection.
They were an elderly female who would not list her contacts, a young female who had eaten out and been to the gym, and a young male who had been working delivering items, so had many contacts. That third one has got to be a major cause for concern. Shenzhen has very many delivery guys using electric bikes riding along the footpaths at dangerously high speeds. At this time with people avoiding the restaurants they were getting their dinners ordered online and delivered to their homes. Similarly with supermarket orders so the guys were everywhere.
“Kong Dongfeng, deputy chief physician of the Shenzhen CDC, reiterated that confirmed cases must cooperate with the CDC and complete the epidemiological investigation as well as report their recent whereabouts. Individuals who conceal their contact history and cause the spread of the epidemic will face a maximum sentence of seven years, according to the law.”
I didn’t hear if the woman was jailed. In other news on that day:
“The measures include working out and implementing standard guidance on public transport and in schools and elderly homes, tightening checks at urban villages and communities, and ensuring the materials supply for and management of people who are quarantined at home or in designated places.
Shenzhen police have set up nearly 100 inspection stations, operating 24 hours a day, on all 49 intercity roads, scanning the body temperatures of both passengers and drivers.”
Things were getting organised everywhere but, with the empty streets and the police away, the boy-racers were having fun, fun, fun.
On February 4th 20 new cases were reported and it was announced that anyone with a history of travelling to Hubei province should spend 14 days in isolation. But the most relevant news for me was that Hong Kong had closed all the convenient border crossings, leaving just the Shenzhen Bay crossing far out to the west and not connecting to the shopping areas I use. I had planned to go to Hong Kong the next day and stock up on tinned food, but I couldn’t.
People were coming back from all over China but rather more spread out than usual because of the extension to the Spring Festival holiday period.
“A total of 135,607 people returned to Shenzhen on Sunday, a decrease of 76 percent over the same day last year. Among them, 102,715 took trains and 27,230 took flights, according to Shenzhen traffic authorities.” So, over half a million on that day the previous year. All the arrivals had their temperature checked and, if any sign of fever passed on for further testing.
On the 5th Shenzhen announced its own version of the anti-virus treatment which sounds much like every other one to me, but remember all of these patients are in PH3 and Chinese cities like Shenzhen were the first to implement them. They were using the newly developed nucleic acid tests to detect transmission and getting lists of contacts for observation. They had different strategies for medical treatment depending on the severity of the infection, including regularity of the still scarce tests, oxygen therapy, plasma therapy and anti-body therapy.
In case you are thinking that everyone in Shenzhen was fully cooperative with the lockdown, they were not always. However the occasions were rare and more trivial than I have heard in other places. For example, these were considered worth reporting in SZDaily on February 6th. Three people who had been to Hubei and then lied about it were to be prosecuted for “jeopardizing public safety by reckless means”, including one who had signed an oath to comply with the quarantine but still went out and would not say where to.
Also two people were prosecuted for refusing temperature checks and failing to wear a mask when using the metro, one person scuffled with a fast-food employee when asked to put on a mask, and one drunken person who attacked a bus driver when told to mask up. This all sounds very familiar from other countries, but was rare here.
I went to the Shenzhen Bay Crossing to Hong Kong that day because I had read that from the 8th onwards everyone entering Hong Kong would be subject to a fourteen-day quarantine. I took a taxi to the border, filled in a health declaration, had my temperature taken, exited China, filled in a health form, had my temperature taken and entered Hong Kong. Spent a minute looking for a Duty Free but couldn’t see one, then repeated the procedure to get back to my flat. It was all very fast and efficient. I read that there were huge crowds on the 7th.
On the 7th SZDaily posted an article on the Daily Briefing covering what should be done and what shouldn’t be done. Crimes included not isolating, not informing others of your health status, spreading rumours, manufacturing or selling substandard medical equipment, and hoarding goods for speculation.
Then on the 8th, after telling us that there were 17 new cases bringing the total to 351, we got “Stricter prevention and control measures enforced in communities”. This is the definition of the Shenzhen lockdown and for most of the rest of China. It is worth quoting in full so you can compare with your own lockdown.
“On February 7, Shenzhen Headquarters for Prevention and Control of Pneumonia Epidemic Caused by Novel Coronavirus officially issued Measures to Build and Improve A Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism in Residential Communities, which proposed to implement more strict and rigorous prevention and control measures in residential communities.
First. Stick with 100% in five aspects.
1. 100% of the residential areas shall be closed-off for management.
2. 100% home quarantine shall be imposed on those who have been to the epidemic outbreak areas within 14 days.
3. 100% collective quarantine shall be imposed on those who have been in close contact with the patients confirmed with pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus.
4. 100% of the residents’ body temperature shall be measured at entering and exiting the residence.
5. 100% landlords and tenants shall be well-informed with their information registered and every responsibility accounted.
Second, earnestly implement the “Ten Rules".
1. Check points shall be set up at all entrances and exits of all residences and urban villages, and the number of entrances and exits shall be reduced as much as possible.
2. All residents who are currently in Hubei Province shall be informed by their community and relevant departments not to return to Shenzhen temporarily. For those who have already returned, they are subject to quarantine at home.
3. When any fever patient is detected, report to the community at once. Record the patient’s information and phone number, and then send him/her to hospital immediately.
4. All visitors and their vehicles are not allowed to enter the residence. If there are special circumstances and with the consent of the residents, registration and filing of those visitors and their vehicles is a must. All residents should voluntarily report their personal information through WeChat mini-programs “Shen i U-Voluntary Reporting", “i Shenzhen” WeChat official accounts, APPs among others, and enter and exit the residence based on the verification images and codes.
5. Residents who have returned to Shenzhen from travelling or visiting relatives outside Shenzhen shall be subject to inquiries and check regarding the history of living, traveling and contacts over the past 14 days.
6. Buildings with confirmed cases of infection shall be subject to a 14-day mandatory quarantine. Notices that say “The building is under quarantine in order to prevent and control the epidemic” should be put up in conspicuous places. Contactless services including food delivery, waste disposal and necessity delivery will be provided by community workers and volunteers to residents under home quarantine or in entirely-quarantined buildings.
7. Delivery of food, parcels and other items will be conducted in a contactless manner. All delivered items will be left at the entrance of the residence for pick-up later.
8. Residents shall wear face masks in public spaces and shall not visit each other or dine together.
9. Disinfection will be performed in staircases, elevators and other closed spaces on a daily basis, with no corner left out.
10. Public places in communities not related to residents’ daily necessities shall be shut down. All gatherings and public activities shall be suspended.”
A lot of that is simply formalising what people were doing anyway. They had been avoiding gatherings and restaurants for two weeks already at this point. Regarding Rule 1, Weipeng Gardens usually has four entrances – large gates at the east and west, a small gate at the south and the small supermarket within Weipeng which has entrances both from inside and outside. The gates had been added in 2019 to stop the multitude of delivery guys taking shortcuts through.
A WeChat group had been set up covering all tenants and landlords plus the management, covering Aspect 5 – as you can see WeChat Translate is not perfect, but you get the idea. Closing of gates was discussed there and it was decided that the east gate would stay open and the others closed. Normally each of the six blocks has a security guard at the entrance but these were relocated to the east gate, masked and protected, and armed with temperature guns.
The city plan was to separate the city into residential areas and isolate in that way. Weipeng was easy to define, but some other areas were not so easy. There are a set of farmers’ buildings to the south of me. When Shenzhen was first being developed, farmers were given permission to build on their own land with a height limit of seven floors, and generally of poor quality. Each farmer’s plot was quite small so the resulting development has many entrances between the plots. Most of these were simply closed off and two left open, which again were monitored by security staff.
Deliveries of food and other materials were made to an area outside the east gate, from where the resident could pick them up. At first that just consisted of a few tables, then shelves were added, trolleys for each block, until a tent-village was created.
Residents’ passes were issued and nobody without one was allowed to enter. Alcohol spitters were installed in every lift, the buttons covered by a plastic film and a disinfection schedule on a form on the wall – basically four times a day for each lift. I carried my pass with me and was asked to see it twice. As I am the only Caucasian living in Weipeng all the security staff know me by sight, and they were just doing it for a laugh. I showed it and raised my hands in surrender as they pointed the temperature gun at my forehead. The lifts smelled strongly of alcohol. Most people used it sensibly, just taking a little squirt, but some kids tried to see how much they could get out.
回到新闻
《深圳日报》从1月29日开始重新发布消息，报道了63例确诊病例，4例已经痊愈，其他病例都在三院治疗。“截至目前，深圳第三人民医院的240名医生及310名护士投身此次战疫行动中。”报道的医院病床数量有时候是500，有时候是1000。我觉得500这个数字应该更接近实情，但可能也有扩充。
市政府声明，食物储备充足，所以全程我都没有看到有新鲜事物或生活用品短缺的现象。超市没有恐慌的抢购，而离我最近的小区超市，厕纸甚至有点过剩，还得找地方腾放。
1月30日，《深圳日报》发布了一篇告知外国人的文章，明确指出一些注意事项，包括“不要去武汉”——虽然我觉得当时要去也是不可能的。
1月31日发布的新闻就更接近标准模板了，但仍然没有图表。“深圳卫健委发布，截至今天中午，深圳有134例确诊病例，8例重症病例，12例危症病例，4例治愈出院。目前没有医疗工作者感染。327名密切接触者接受医学观察。”
当天的重大新闻是“WHO：新冠病毒疫情为全球卫生紧急事件”。
世界卫生组织（WHO）总干事谭德赛宣布新型冠状病毒疫情为“国际关注的卫生紧急事件（PHEIC）”。
谭德赛提到，中国迅速监测到疫情爆发，隔离病毒并分享病毒基因序列，反应速度令人赞赏。同样，中国的透明化以及对其他国家的帮助都值得肯定。他说，中国的很多做法都为应对疫情爆发树立了好榜样。
全世界继续紧急计划。
2月1日，《深圳日报》报道：
深圳卫健委发布，1月31日深圳新增60例确诊病例。现有确诊中，144例来自湖北省，5例来自其他省，其中20例与确诊病例有密切接触，1例无症状感染者。深圳第三人民医院现收治166例确诊患者。
第二天，《深圳日报》报道了26例新增确诊，其中3例为本土病例。2月3日新增30例确诊，总数已达到226例。本土感染病例的细节也发布了：
三例确诊患者在患病前14天内没有离开过深圳，没有接触确诊或疑似病例，也没有接触过有明确呼吸道感染症状的人。
病例一是老年女性。据流调人员称，她没有过病毒携带者暴露史或接触史。但其目前不配合流行病学调查，进一步情况还无法判断。
病例二是青年女性。发病前曾外出就餐，去过健身房等地。
病例三是青年男性，是一名外卖员。发病前一直在配送外卖。
第三例确诊患者引起了巨大反响。深圳有很多大量配送员，骑着电动车在人行道上飞快行驶。现在人们不能去餐厅就餐，就会在线上订餐配送到家。超市也是一样，所以配送员随处可见。
深圳疾病预防控制中心副主任医师孔东锋呼吁，确诊患者一定要配合疾控防御机构的流行病学调查，申报行踪，主动配合调查。隐瞒接触史造成疫情蔓延传播的按照《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》最高刑罚可判7年。
我没听说病例一是否判刑。当天的其他新闻报道：
防疫措施包括：制定并执行公共交通、学校、老人住所的标准指南，严格筛查城镇社区，确保隔离人员在家或指定隔离地点的物资供应管理。
深圳公安在49条城际公路上建立了100个监测点，24小时值班，检测司机和乘客的体温。
一切都在有序发展，但空无一人的大街上，没有了警察，外卖小哥愈加风驰电掣。
2月4日，报道称新增20例确诊，并且宣布有湖北旅行史的必须隔离14天。但和我更相关的消息是，香港关闭了所有入境通道，只留了深圳湾一个入口，这和我常去购物的地方互不相通。我本来计划第二天去香港购置一些罐头食品，但没法去了。
人们开始从各地返回深圳，但更多的是往外流出，因为春节假期延长了。
据深圳交通局报道，星期日返深人员共135，607名，相比去年同时期下降了76%。其中，102，715人乘坐火车，27，230人乘坐飞机。
深圳机场在所有出入境关口设立了体温监测点。
深圳北火车站从1月27日起，每日接纳约80，000乘客。深圳北火车站和深圳火车站在所有出入口配置了监测设备。发热乘客即转入二次检测。
2月5日，深圳发布了本市的诊疗方案，对我来说和其他的都差不多，我能记住的就是所有患者都在三院。
深圳版诊疗方案的一个特点是给感染者和无症状感染者的做最新的核酸检测。关于诊断，深圳版将“密切接触史”列为诊断因素，包括把14天内与确诊病例有密切接触的人列为疑似病例。
关于治疗，深圳版提出了针对不同阶段病人的医疗方案。轻症患者至少每三天做一次核酸检测以及早期氧疗。重症患者则每天检测并进行积极的抗病毒治疗。危症患者进行恢复期血浆治疗和专项抗体治疗。
深圳版建议，根据早期病毒感染的临床症状和胸部影像，在可行范围内用免疫球蛋白治疗外周血淋巴细胞下降的患者。
在深圳，也不是所有人都遵守规定。但也只有极少数无伤大雅的违反情况，和其他地方的比起来不值一提。例如《深圳日报》2月6日报道的：
警方对两名隐瞒旅行史、违背隔离规定的新冠患者立案侦查。
范女士，64岁，湖北孝感人，以涉嫌以危险方法危害公共安全罪予以立案侦查。
范女士的丈夫邹先生，67岁，也是湖北孝感人，他们1月21日从武汉乘坐火车到深圳探望女儿。1月22、23日，范女士先后到明月社康中心和福田区人民医院就诊，1月20日已经出现症状，但故意隐瞒武汉到深的旅行史，告诉医生14天内没有旅行史。1月26日，范女士确诊，转入深圳第三人民医院治疗，但仍然否认近期有武汉旅行史。据悉，范某入院前，在乘坐公共交通工具以及在人员聚集的公共场所停留过程中，均未采取任何防护措施。
另一个案例是阮先生，38岁，湖北潜江人，龙岗区警方监察到和范女士同样的处罚。阮先生1月27日从湖北返回龙岗后，签署了《居家隔离承诺书》，但他违反隔离规定，多次外出并拒绝告知隔离工作人员真实行程和活动。
阮先生也刻意隐瞒了发热咳嗽等症状。2月3日，阮先生被确诊为新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎病例，由深圳市第三人民医院隔离收治，其家人均已被送至指定隔离场所观察。
据深圳警方星期二发布，深圳警方对于在公共场所、乘坐交通工具时不戴口罩的人也采取了措施。
1月27日、2月1日，两名乘坐地铁时拒绝体温检测和戴口罩的人被罚。2月2日，布吉街道一快餐店内，一男子因不听餐厅员工劝其戴口罩而发生肢体冲突，随后被罚。2月3日，一醉酒乘客在公交司机提醒其戴口罩时与司机发生冲突，随后被拘留。
当天，我从深圳湾去了香港，因为听说从2月8日开始入境香港都需要接受14天的隔离期。我乘出租车到达港口，填写健康申明，测量体温，出境中国大陆，填写健康表格，测量体温，进入香港。我在免税店逗留了一会，但没看到什么要买的，就重复了上面的流程，回到公寓里。整个过程非常快捷便利。后来我看到从2月7日开始就开始变得拥挤了。
2月7日，《深圳日报》在最新通报版面发布了一篇文章告诫大家什么该做什么不该做。拒绝隔离、隐瞒健康状况、传谣、生产售卖不合规范的医疗器械、囤积物资倒卖等行为都属于违法行为。
2月8日，在发布了17例新增病例、累积351例病例的新闻后，我们接到了“各社区严格防控疫情”的通知。这是深圳以及中国其他城市对封闭的定义，有必要逐字引用，以便各位与自己所在地区的封闭措施自行对比。
2月7日，深圳新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情防控指挥部官方发布了《关于建立健全社区联防联控机制的若干措施》，提出要在居民社区实施更加严格严厉的防控措施。
坚持做到“五个100%”
一、社区小区100%实行围合封闭式管理；
二、近14天有疫情重点地区旅居史的人员100%居家隔离；
三、存在与病例密切接触史的人员100%实行集中隔离；
四、小区住户进出100%实行双向体温检测；
五、对出租屋房东和承租人100%宣传到位、联系登记、落实责任。
认真执行“十个一律”
一、所有小区、城中村在出入口处一律设立检查登记卡，尽量减少出入口；
二、对目前仍在湖北的小区住户，社区一律会同相关单位通知其暂不返深，已经返深的要严格执行居家隔离措施；
三、发现发热病人一律第一时间向社区报告，登记身份信息、联系电话，及时送到医院就医；
四、外来人员和车辆一律不得进入小区，特殊情况经住户同意进入的要做好登记备案；
五、从市外旅游、探亲等返回深圳的住户一律进行排查，问询了解其近14天内的居住史、旅行史、接触史；
六、出现确诊病例的住宅楼单元一律实行14天的硬隔离，在显眼处张贴“因疫情防控工作需要，本楼实行隔离管理”的告示；
七、所有外卖、快递、投递等一律实行无接触配送，在小区出入口处中转存取；
八、小区住户一律不串门、不聚餐，严格落实在公共场所戴口罩的要求；
九、楼道、电梯和小型封闭场所每日一律进行消毒，做到不留死角；
十、非涉及居民生活必需的社区公共场所一律关闭，停止举办一切群众聚集性活动。
很多列出的要求都是对人们正在执行的做法进行正式规范。到这时，他们已经自发避免聚会聚餐两周了。对于第一条，玮鹏花园小区本来有4个出入口——东西2个大门、南边1个小门，还有小区超市对内对外的1个出入口。2019年的时候，为防止快递员抄近道而增加了入口数量。
房东、租客和社区管理者建立了微信群，也就是第五条所说的，虽然微信翻译不是很准确，但也能大概看懂意思。群里讨论了关闭几个入口的想法，最后决定只开放东门，其他入口暂时关闭。正常情况下，小区里的6个单元门口都会有1名保安人员值守，但现在他们都被安排到东门，戴着口罩防守，手持测温枪。
深圳计划将整个城市的住宅区分成单独的部分各自隔离。玮鹏花园很好划分，但其他地方却不见得。在我们南面有一些农户建筑，深圳最开始建立的时候，农民是允许在他们自己的土地上建房子的，限高7层楼，而且楼房质量普遍不高。因每家农户的土地都很小，所以每家所建的楼房各自有很多出入口。大部分出入口都被封闭了起来，留下两个开放，也由保安人员值守。
小区东门外有一块地方专门放置快递送来的食物和其他物品，小区住户可以在这里收取。最开始这里只有几张桌子，后来加了帐篷、每栋楼一辆小推车，后来又加了好几个帐篷，成了一个帐篷区。
小区凭出入证进出，每部电梯里都安放了酒精喷雾，电梯按钮用保鲜膜覆盖，墙上还贴了消毒时间表——每部电梯都是每隔4小时消毒一次。我带着我的出入证，被查过2次。因为我是小区住户里唯一的白人，小区保安都认识我，他们也就是随便看看。我拿出出入证，他们的测温枪对着我的额头，我举起手做出“投降”的姿势。电梯里满是酒精味。大部分人使用酒精都是小心翼翼地喷一点点，但有些小孩会拿来试试看能喷出多少。
- To Be Continued 待续 -
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Heather is the daughter of a subsistence rice farmer from Fujian Province, China. She tells stories from her experience as one of the poorest. She writes her dream to share with the world, a very personal place. She has now written two English literary novels and is looking to being published in the UK. Her passion is a splendid cocktail or milkshake of word, image, music and art. She likes collecting books, DVDs, papers, stones, shells and leaves. She desires for all forms of natural beauty. She is currently working for Shanghai Taichi Center.
希瑟·蔡太莲是福建一个自给自足稻农的女儿。她作为穷人的穷人之一，讲述的故事来自最底层的仰望。她写就她的梦想与世界分享一些个人独特的亲身经历。她完成了两本英文文学小说，喜欢收集树叶、书本、影碟、贝壳和剪报，向往各种自然美。目前在上海从事太极文化行业，也在努力打造“阿太的密室”，集文学、艺术、文化、哲学和世界女性于一体的个人公共服务平台。
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