改变饮食习惯,能延寿十多年!越早改变越好!
“三加两减”:
改变这5种食物,对寿命影响大
养成健康的饮食习惯,
要注意这3点
全谷物:推荐每天食用全谷物和杂豆类50 g-150 g,如小麦、燕麦、大麦等。
蔬菜:推荐每天食用300 g-500 g,深色蔬菜占一半。
水果:推荐每天食用新鲜水果200 g-350 g,果汁不能代替水果。
豆类及其制品:推荐每天食用30 g-50 g。
坚果:推荐每周食用50 g-70 g。
奶类及乳制品:推荐每天1杯奶,相当于300 g液态奶或相当的乳制品。
鱼肉:推荐每周吃鱼280 g-525 g。
水和茶:推荐成人每日饮水1500 ml-1700 ml。
红肉和白肉:建议成年人每天食用畜禽肉40 g-75 g,优先食用禽肉。
加工肉类:尽量减少食用,能不吃就不吃。
盐:建议成人每天食盐摄入不超过6g,相当于一啤酒瓶盖,同时注意减少含盐加工食品的食用。
酒:能不喝酒尽量不喝酒,尤其是儿童、孕妇和哺乳期女性。
添加糖和含糖饮料:控制添加糖的摄入量,每天摄入不超过50 g,最好控制在25 g以下;提倡饮用白开水和茶水,不喝或少喝含糖饮料。
油脂:成人每天烹调油建议量为25g-30g,少吃肥肉、油炸食品。
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本文综合自:
① Fadnes LT, Økland JM, Haaland ØA, Johansson KA. Estimating impact of food choices on life expectancy: A modeling study. PLoS Med. 2022;19(2):e1003889. Published 2022 Feb 8.
② 中国营养学会. 中国居民膳食指南科学研究报告(2021).
③ lice H. Lichtenstein et al., 2021 Dietary Guidance to Improve Cardiovascular Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2021). Circulation.
④Clear evidence for a link between pro-inflammatory diets and 27 chronic diseases. Medicaoxpress. APRIL 22, 2021
⑤High intake of dietary fiber and whole grains associated with reduced risk of non-communicable diseases. The Lancet, 2019.
⑥The microbial gbu gene cluster links cardiovascular disease risk associated with red meat consumption to microbiota L-carnitine catabolism, Nature Microbiology,2021.
⑦Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy free of cancer , cardiovascular disease , and type 2 diabetes : prospective cohort study , BMJ ,2020.
⑧ Sun, L., Goh, H. J., Govindharajulu, P., Leow, M. K. S., & Henry, C. J. (2020). Postprandial glucose, insulin and incretin responses differ by test meal macronutrient ingestion sequence(PATTERN study). Clinical Nutrition, 39(3), 950-957.
⑨“Forever young at the table”: metabolic effects of eating speed in obesity. J Transl Med. 2021 Dec 24;19(1):530.
编辑:张萌
审稿:杨小明