热点 | 那条名叫抑郁的“大黑狗”离你有多远？
9月16日，演员乔任梁意外去世的消息，瞬间引爆各大娱乐新闻首条。据悉，乔任梁很有可能是因抑郁症而死。
据他圈中好友爆料，乔任梁患抑郁症已两三年，已影响到他正常的拍戏工作和生活。不过，出于对他的保护，他得抑郁症的消息，也被其经纪公司严格保密。
娱乐圈里，遭受过抑郁症的袭击乔任梁不是第一人。大家最为熟知的莫过于“哥哥”张国荣因抑郁症意外身亡。
昨日，崔永元连续更新微博，并结合自己的经验，告诫患者朋友，重视病情好好配合医生治疗，这不是一种见不得人的病。
美国著名抑郁症问题专家史培勒说：“那些最有抱负、最有创意、工作最认真的人，往往会受到抑郁症的困扰”历史上那些伟大的人物，比如牛顿、达尔文、林肯都患过抑郁症。丘吉尔也长期罹患抑郁症，他称抑郁症为“黑狗”。他曾经说过：“心中的抑郁就像黑狗，一有机会就紧咬着我不放。”
抑郁，并不等同于“悲观”、“失落”，患抑郁症的人，是管理情绪的机能坏掉了，大脑无法分泌有活力的因子。抑郁症是一种很普通的疾病，11%的人，会有不同程度的抑郁症状。
世界卫生组织预计，到2020年抑郁症将成为全球第二大疾病。下面这组数据看得人触目惊心——
这是一条来自世界卫生组织的公益视频，关于抑郁，以及关于如何与抑郁相处。片中讲到，大多数人心中，都有一条“大黑狗”，它来自于高节奏的生活压力，来自外界的舆论抨击，来自内心深处的自我否定和过度自卑……
这只大黑狗，名字叫抑郁。
http://v.qq.com/iframe/player.html?vid=w0329inr4yv&auto=0
According to the National Institutes of Health, symptoms of depression include: persistent sad or anxious feelings; feelings of hopelessness and/or pessimism; feelings of guilt, worthlessness and/or helplessness; irritability, restlessness; loss of interest in activities or hobbies once pleasurable; fatigue and decreased energy; difficulty concentrating and making decisions; insomnia, early-morning wakefulness or excessive sleeping; overeating or appetite loss; thoughts of suicide; persistent aches or pains, headaches, cramps or digestive problems that do not ease even with treatment.
据美国国立卫生研究院，抑郁症的症状包括：顽固性情绪低落或是焦虑；绝望和/或悲观；有负罪感，觉得自己没有存在价值，以及/或感觉自己很无助；易怒，烦躁不安；对曾经感兴趣的活动或爱好失去兴趣；易疲劳，精力衰退；难以集中注意力，做事犹豫不决；失眠，清晨觉醒，或者嗜睡；暴饮暴食或者食欲不振；有自杀念头；持续性疼痛，头疼，痉挛或消化不振，经治疗依然不见好转。
最后，送上一张国际权威的抑郁自评量表 (Zung Self-Rated Depression Scale)，一共20道题，感兴趣的小伙伴可以自测一下——
1. I feel down-hearted and blue
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
2. Morning is when I feel the best
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
3. I have crying spells or feel like it
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
4. I have trouble sleeping at night
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
5. I eat as much as I used to
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
6. I still enjoy sex
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
7. I notice that I am losing weight
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
8. I have trouble with constipation
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
9. My heart beats faster than usual
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
10. I get tired for no reason
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
11. My mind is as clear as it used to be
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
12. I find it easy to do the things I used to
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
13. I am restless and can't keep still
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
14. I feel hopeful about the future
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
15. I am more irritable than usual
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
16. I find it easy to make decisions
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
17. I feel that I am useful and needed
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
18. My life is pretty full
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
19. I feel that others would be better off if I were dead
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
20. I still enjoy the things I used to do
A little of the time
Some of the time
Good part of the time
Most of the time
第1/3/4/7/8/9/10/13/15/19题：
A little of the time – 1分
Some of the time – 2分
Good part of the time – 3分
Most of the time – 4分
第2/5/6/11/12/14/16/17/18/20题：
A little of the time – 4分
Some of the time – 3分
Good part of the time – 2分
Most of the time – 1分
Result:
20-49: within normal range 无抑郁倾向
50-59: indicates mild depression 轻微-轻度抑郁倾向
60-69: indicates moderate depression 中度抑郁倾向
70 and above: indicates severe depression 重度抑郁倾向
来源：译世界综编
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