双语 | 中国关于解决巴以冲突的立场文件

中国关于解决巴以冲突的立场文件

Position Paper of the People’s Republic of China on Resolving the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

（图源：视觉中国）

本轮巴以冲突造成大量平民伤亡，导致严重人道主义灾难，国际社会高度关注。习近平主席多次就当前巴以局势阐明中国原则立场，强调应立即停火止战，保障人道主义救援通道安全畅通，防止冲突扩大，根本出路是落实“两国方案”，凝聚国际促和共识，推动巴勒斯坦问题早日得到全面、公正、持久解决。

The current Palestinian-Israeli conflict has caused heavy civilian casualties and a serious humanitarian disaster. It is a grave concern of the international community. President Xi Jinping stated China’s principled position on the current Palestinian-Israeli situation on a number of occasions. He stressed the need for an immediate ceasefire and ending the fighting, ensuring that the humanitarian corridors are safe and unimpeded, and preventing the expansion of the conflict. He pointed out that the fundamental way out of this lies in the two-state solution, building international consensus for peace, and working toward a comprehensive, just and lasting settlement of the Palestinian question at an early date.

根据《联合国宪章》，联合国安理会承担维护国际和平与安全的首要责任，应当在巴以问题上发挥积极和建设性作用。鉴此，中方提出以下建议：

Pursuant to the Charter of the United Nations, the Security Council shoulders primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, and should thus play an active and constructive role on the question of Palestine. In this connection, China offers the following proposals:

一、全面停火止战。当事各方要切实落实联合国大会和安理会有关决议，立即实行持久和持续的人道主义休战。安理会要在第2712号决议基础上，回应国际社会普遍呼声，进一步明确要求全面停火止战，推动冲突降级，实现局势尽快降温。

1. Implementing a comprehensive ceasefire and ending the fighting. Parties to the conflict should truly implement the relevant UNGA and UNSC resolutions and immediately realize a durable and sustained humanitarian truce. Building on UNSC Resolution 2712, the Security Council, in response to the calls of the international community, should explicitly demand a comprehensive ceasefire and end of the fighting, work for deescalation of the conflict, and cool down the situation as soon as possible.

二、切实保护平民。安理会决议明确要求各方遵守国际人道法义务，保护平民。要停止一切针对平民的暴力袭击和违反国际人道法的行为，避免袭击民用设施。安理会应进一步发出明确信号，反对强行迁移巴勒斯坦平民，避免巴勒斯坦平民流离失所，呼吁尽快释放所有被扣押的平民和人质。

2. Protecting civilians effectively. The UNSC resolution demands in explicit terms that all parties comply with their obligations under international humanitarian law, notably with regard to the protection of civilians. It is imperative to stop any violent attacks against civilians and violations of international humanitarian law, and avoid attacks on civilian facilities. The Security Council should further send a clear message on opposing forced transfer of the Palestinian civilian population, preventing the displacement of Palestinian civilians, and calling for the release of all civilians and hostages held captive as soon as possible.

三、确保人道主义救援。有关各方要根据安理会决议要求，避免剥夺加沙地区平民生存不可或缺的物资和服务，在加沙建立人道主义救援通道并提供快速、安全、无障碍、可持续的人道主义准入，防止出现更严重的人道主义灾难。安理会要鼓励国际社会加大人道主义援助，改善现地人道状况，支持联合国及其近东巴勒斯坦难民救济和工程处在人道救援方面发挥协调作用，推动国际社会为支持加沙地区战后重建做好准备。

3. Ensuring humanitarian assistance. All relevant parties must, as per requirements of the UNSC resolution, refrain from depriving the civilian population in Gaza of supplies and services indispensable to their survival, set up humanitarian corridors in Gaza to enable rapid, safe, unhindered and sustainable humanitarian access, and avoid a humanitarian disaster of even greater gravity. The Security Council should encourage the international community to ramp up humanitarian assistance, improve the humanitarian situation on the ground, and support the coordinating role of the United Nations as well as the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East in humanitarian assistance, and prepare the international community for supporting post-conflict reconstruction in Gaza.

四、加大外交斡旋。安理会要发挥《联合国宪章》赋予的斡旋调解作用，要求当事方保持克制，防止冲突扩大，维护中东地区和平稳定。安理会要重视地区国家和区域组织作用，支持联合国秘书长和秘书处斡旋努力，鼓励对当事方有影响的国家秉持客观公正立场，为推动危机降温共同发挥建设性作用。

4. Enhancing diplomatic mediation. The Security Council should leverage its role in facilitating peace as mandated in the UN Charter to demand that parties to the conflict exercise restraint to prevent the conflict from widening and uphold peace and stability in the Middle East. The Security Council should value the role of regional countries and organizations, support the good offices of the UN Secretary General and the Secretariat, and encourage countries with influence on parties to the conflict to uphold an objective and just position so as to jointly play a constructive role in deescalating the crisis.

五、寻求政治解决。根据安理会相关决议和有关国际共识，解决巴勒斯坦问题的根本出路是落实“两国方案”，恢复巴勒斯坦民族合法权利，建立以1967年边界为基础、以东耶路撒冷为首都、享有完全主权的独立的巴勒斯坦国。安理会要推动重启“两国方案”，在联合国主导和组织下，尽快召开更大规模、更具权威、更有实效的国际和平会议，制定落实“两国方案”的具体时间表和路线图，推动巴勒斯坦问题全面、公正、持久解决。关于加沙未来的任何安排都必须尊重巴勒斯坦人民的意愿和自主选择，不能强加于人。

5. Seeking political settlement. According to relevant UNSC resolutions and international consensus, the fundamental settlement of the question of Palestine lies in the implementation of the two-state solution, restoration of the legitimate national rights of Palestine, and the establishment of an independent State of Palestine that enjoys full sovereignty based on the 1967 border and with east Jerusalem as its capital. The Security Council should help restore the two-state solution. A more broad-based, authoritative and effective international peace conference led and organized by the UN should be held as soon as possible to formulate a concrete timetable and roadmap for the implementation of the two-state solution and facilitate a comprehensive, just and lasting solution to the question of Palestine. Any arrangement on the future of Gaza must respect the will and independent choice of the Palestinian people, and must not be imposed upon them.

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