教学素材 | 2018全世界都在关注的10件大事！你都了解了吗？

本期教学素材为双语文本，可用于新闻阅读、英语写作教学等。

关键词：国际新闻，2018盘点，新闻阅读，英语新闻写作

由中国中央电视台、中央人民广播电台和中国国际广播电台组建而成的中央广播电视总台于近日发布了“2018年度十大国际新闻盘点”，帮助我们回首过去这些或是激动人心或是千钧一发的时刻，也让我们对新的一年充满期待。2018年全球各地都发生了哪些影响深远又值得铭记的重要事件呢？让我们一起来看看吧！

NO.1

China holds the world's first import expo

中国成功举办全球首个进口博览会

首届中国国际进口博览会在上海举办

图片来源：澎湃新闻

2018年11月5日-10日，全球首个以进口为主题的国家级展会——首届中国国际进口博览会在中国上海成功举办。本次博览会是促进世界各国加强经贸交流合作、促进全球贸易和世界经济增长、推动开放型世界经济发展的重要举措。

China delivered a successful import expo in Shanghai in early November, amid an uncertain world economy overshadowed by the U.S. withdrawal from the international multilateral trading system. The five-day China International Import Expo, which concluded with prospective deals worth 57.8 billion U.S. dollars, marked a further step on China's path of opening up. 

amid：在……之中

overshadow：使……暗淡

multilateral trading system：多边贸易系统

opening up：开放

NO.2

Belt and Road extends even further

“一带一路”倡议走深走实

俄罗斯亚马尔项目

图片来源：网络

2018年12月11日，全球最大的北极液化天然气项目——俄罗斯亚马尔项目第三条生产线正式投产，标志着“一带一路”倡议五年来取得的最新成果。共建“一带一路”倡议及其核心理念已被纳入联合国、二十国集团、亚太经合组织、上合组织等重要国际机制成果文件。

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) entered its fifth year in 2018. For the past five years, China has invested 80 billion U.S. dollars in this initiative. The Second Ministerial Meeting of the Forum of China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States generated a special statement on the BRI, symbolizing the extension of this grand initiative to Latin America. 

initiative：倡议

generate a statement：发表声明

symbolize：标志，象征

NO.3

Tensions flare up in Syria and the rest of Middle East

中东地区危机四伏

毁于战火的叙利亚

图片来源：凤凰网

2018年，随着极端组织“伊斯兰国”势力被基本铲除，叙利亚境内的战事逐步演变为俄罗斯和伊朗支持的政府军与西方支持的反政府武装之间的对峙，标志各方在叙利亚的角力进入了新阶段。中东其他地区也出现了冲突频发的情况。

The Syrian war continues into its seventh year as unabated violence causes countless Syrians to suffer. Given the entanglement of foreign interventions, the situation improved little in 2018—the government regained rebel-held regions in several major offensives, and Turkey and Russia brokered a demilitarized zone. As the conflict rages, millions of Syrians, including children, risk being killed or displaced. This year also sees mounting tensions in other countries and regions across the Middle East. 

flare up：突发，骤然发生

unabated：不衰退的，不减弱的

entanglement：纠缠

rebel-held regions：叛军控制的地区

demilitarized zone：非武装地带

rage：肆虐

NO.4

The Korean Peninsula sees détente

朝鲜半岛局面缓和

“文金会”

图片来源：路透社

在中方的积极斡旋和各国的推动下，半岛局势出现重大转折。中方提出的“双暂停”等建议有力促进了地区形势转圜，推动了半岛无核化进程。朝韩双方签署《板门店宣言》和《9月平壤共同宣言》，在政治、经济、军事等领域的多项合作陆续展开。

The big surprise of the year was the rapprochement on the Korean Peninsula. DPRK leader Kim Jong Un made his diplomatic debut. He met Chinese President Xi Jinping three times within three months, and also met President of the Republic of Korea Moon Jae-in three times. Kim and U.S. President Donald Trump even shared historic handshakes in Singapore.

China's efforts to facilitate peace between the two Koreas, Moon's revival of the Sunshine policy and Trump's unusual method of interaction with Pyongyang played instrumental roles in the rosy scenario. However, the story is far from over.

rapprochement：友好，恢复邦交

diplomatic debut：外交首秀

facilitate peace：推动和平

instrumental role：关键作用

rosy scenario：明朗的形势

NO.5

Washington's trade war causes worldwide concern

美国挑起贸易摩擦引发全球忧虑

中美双方领导人在G20峰会期间举行会晤

图片来源：新华社

2018年3月22日，美国总统特朗普签署总统备忘录，对价值600亿美元的中国输美商品加征关税，从而挑起了中美贸易摩擦。随后，摩擦蔓延至世界主要经济体，引发全球忧虑。12月1日，中美双方领导人在G20峰会期间举行会晤，就双方暂不升级关税等限制措施达成重要共识，为中美贸易战按下“暂停键”。

U.S. President Donald Trump rolled out steel and aluminum tariff hikes on March 8, followed by a dense barrage of steep tariffs on Chinese imports. An escalated trade war with China swiftly spilled over to other continents. The protectionist moves of Washington put the world market on a rollercoaster, and elicited a backlash from the rest of the world. Trump seemed resolved on this path of “America First” at the expense of global prosperity until early December, when the world's two largest economies agreed to a 90-day hiatus in proposed tariff increases on the sidelines of the G20 summit in Buenos Aires.

roll out：开展

a dense barrage：密集的火力

spill over：溢出

elicit a backlash：引起反作用

hiatus：空隙，裂缝

NO.6

Mounting tensions between Russia and the West

俄罗斯强硬回应西方制裁

普京主持召开军工委会议

图片来源：俄通社

2018年3月4日，俄罗斯前情报人员中毒事件引发英、美等近20个西方国家在冷战之后最大规模驱逐俄罗斯外交官的风波。面对西方国家不断升级的制裁行动，俄罗斯予以强势回应。

The London-Moscow row over the nerve-gas poisoning attempt of a former Russian double agent and his daughter in Britain's Salisbury resulted in more than 20 countries expelling Russian diplomats. A potential collapse of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty has put Europe in jeopardy. U.S. President Donald Trump announced in October that America will quit the treaty the country co-signed with the former Soviet Union (now Russia) in 1987, which has put the U.S.' NATO allies on tenterhooks.

expel：驱逐

jeopardy：危险境地

NO.7

"Hard Brexit" on the books after a spate of obstacles

英国“脱欧”阻力重重

英国首相特雷莎·梅会见欧盟委员会主席

图片来源：美国之音

英国谋求正式脱离欧洲联盟的过程一波三折。“脱欧”给英国社会带来的裂痕难以弥合，如果“脱欧”协议得不到英国议会批准，2019年3月29日，英国将可能被迫无协议退出欧盟关税同盟与欧洲共同市场。

As the date for the UK to exit the EU approaches, Prime Minister Theresa May is facing opposition from all sides. So far, there have been detractors in her cabinet, with the most notable being her Brexit secretary's resignation in November. If her withdrawal deal with the EU does not gain enough support, then her country faces a "hard" exit that could see trade disrupted, borders erected, and the status of citizens working and living abroad uncertain.

detractor：背叛者

erect：建立，安装

NO.8

Volatile global oil prices could weaken the dominance of the U.S. dollar

国际油价剧烈波动挑战美元霸权地位

石油输出国组织OPEC

图片来源：俄通社

自2018年10月起，油价在快速上涨后受到重挫，在12月18日收于2018年最低的56.26美元/桶。石油输出国组织面临内外双重压力。而后，伊朗宣布不再使用美元进行石油交易，欧盟宣布将绕开以美元为主的国际结算系统，尽快建立新的支付机制。全球金融“去美元化”趋势愈发明显，美元霸权面临挑战。

This year saw volatility roil the global energy market, with oil prices continuing to drop. While energy giants such as Saudi Arabia and Russia slashed their barrel output in order to stop the hemorrhage, the U.S. inched past them to become the biggest oil producing nation. The culprit for the low prices: oversupply.

volatility：不稳定性

roil：搅浑

energy giant：能源巨头

slash：大幅削减

culprit：罪魁祸首

NO.9

Extreme weather costs the world dearly

全球极端天气灾害频发

第24届全球气候大会在波兰召开

图片来源：法国国际广播电台

2018年，全球气候变暖趋势持续，各地出现一系列气候异常现象。12月2日，第24届联合国气候变化大会在波兰卡托维兹开幕，经过艰苦谈判，最终取得了一揽子全面、平衡、有力度的成果，为落实《巴黎协定》、加强全球应对气候变化的行动作出进一步安排。

Extreme weather costs the world some 100 billion U.S. dollars and thousands of lives in 2018. In August, India was hit by the worst monsoon flooding in a century, leaving over 1,400 dead and millions displaced. From Japan's summer floods to Europe's heatwaves, to the hurricanes sweeping across the U.S. and the Caribbean in early autumn, to the raging California wildfires, to the still unfolding drought in Australia, the world witnessed the might of disasters caused or exacerbated by climate change. While the U.S. has pulled out from the Paris Climate Agreement, other major players remain committed to fighting climate change.

monsoon：季风

might：力量，威力

exacerbate：使恶化，使加剧

NO.10

A new age of intelligence arrived with transformative AI development

人工智能发展步入新阶段

2018世界人工智能大会在上海召开

图片来源：第一财经

2018年9月17日-19日，以“人工智能赋能新时代”为主题的2018世界人工智能大会在上海召开。在移动互联网、大数据、超级计算和脑科学等新理论新技术驱动下，2018年人工智能迎来新一轮发展热潮，真正进入落地实践阶段，“新智能时代”正在到来。

AI has become more than just a term known to sci-fi enthusiasts. That's because machine learning has been used in fundamentally transformative ways this year, such as spotting a criminal at a music concert in China and identifying craters on the moon. The 2018 World Artificial Intelligence Conference, with the theme of "A New Era Empowered by Artificial Intelligence", opened in Shanghai in September. Though AI is becoming a buzzword in many industries, the field is still being developed, and its shortcomings need to be addressed.

buzzword：热词

address：解决

本文由外研社高等英语资讯根据news.cctv.com内容编辑整理

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