上海风格：海派电影与上海文化探索

一年一度的上海电影节将于6月14日在上海开幕，除了来自国内外的优秀作品将在本届电影节亮相外，一些上海本土的经典优秀作品也将重映，而“海派电影”这个流派也再次出现在了大众视野中。

上海是中国的文化中心之一。上海的文化被称为“海派文化”。海派文化根植于江南地区的传统文化，并且融入了开埠以后来自西方欧美地区的各国文化，而逐步形成的属于上海的独特文化。

电影于1896年传入中国上海，中国本土的电影业便从商业放映起步了。中国电影起源于上海，上海在历史时期的风云万变，市民生活心态也随之产生变化，这些都在电影艺术中得到了真实、生动的展现。

The annual Shanghai International Film Festival (SIFF), which opens in Shanghai on June 14, will feature domestic and international works, as well as reprints of local classics, and some "Haipai" films are once again in the public eye.

Shanghai is one of the cultural centers of China. Shanghai's culture is called "Haipai" culture, which literally means "Shanghai style" in Mandarin. 

Haipai culture is rooted in the traditional culture of southern China, and became integrated with the cultures of western Europe and the U.S. since the opening of the port, gradually forming the unique culture of Shanghai.

A crowd of people in front of movie posters in February 1979 in Shanghai, China. /VCG Photo

Cinema was introduced to Shanghai in 1896, and China's local film industry started from commercial screenings. 

Chinese cinema originated in Shanghai, with the vibrant city changing a great deal in the early 20th century. The lives of locals changed accordingly, and the city's development was captured and presented on film in a real and vivid way.

For example, in "Street Angel," released in 1937, social themes from that time are presented through many visual metaphors. 

The beginning and end of the film are set in the former Cathay Hotel or Sassoon House on the Bund in Shanghai. Because the film focuses on telling the story of the little people at the bottom of society, the magnificent buildings provide a sharp contrast to the poor lives of the main characters. Today, the musical interludes of the film, "The Song of Four Seasons" and "The Wandering Songstress," sung by Zhou Xuan, are well known.

A still photo from "Everlasting Regret." /Douban.com Photo

Haipai films reflect on society and urban life in Shanghai. "Longtang" (lane in Shanghainese) culture, is a realistic portrayal of the living conditions of Shanghai residents. Neighborhood relations, emotions, lives and so on are vividly reflected in the Longtang environment. 

For example, in the movie "Everlasting Regret," a 2005 film directed by Stanley Kwan, Shanghai Longtang culture is described at great length.

As a modern metropolis in China, Shanghai has gathered many world-class advanced technologies and scientific and technological achievements and formed a unique aesthetic experience influenced by Western culture. 

For example, after the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the first sports film "Woman Basketball Player No. 5," a 1957 film directed by Xie Jin, is from Shanghai. 

A still photo from "Woman Basketball Player No. 5." /Douban.com Photo

This film is not only innovative in terms of its theme, but also in terms of its plot and story development, making it a classic in the history of Chinese cinema. 

After 1949, many Shanghai film companies and filmmakers who moved to Hong Kong still retained and continued the Shanghai aesthetic style, production methods and market-oriented operation mode of many "Shanghai films."

Posters from "Center Stage." /Douban.com Photo

Especially since China's reform and opening-up, Hong Kong has established a close relationship with Shanghai, re-weaving historical drama in the film industry together. 

Some directors in Hong Kong have tried to dig into the core of Shanghai culture through evoking historical images and memories of old Shanghai. Director Stanley Kwan tried to explore the legend of Ruan Lingyu, a movie star in the 1930s, by shooting "Center Stage."

The film integrates a large number of documentary images, actor performances and real interviews. The description of Shanghai's regional culture and urban life in the 1930s is in line with the regional and aesthetic style of Shanghai films.