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《柳叶刀》主编:特朗普“撤资”世卫组织是对全人类的犯罪

CGTN CGTN 2020-08-24
当地时间25日,英国知名医学杂志《柳叶刀》的主编理查德·霍顿在该杂志上刊文批评特朗普“撤资”世卫组织的做法,称此举是“对全人类的犯罪”。

霍顿在文中写道,“世卫组织的唯一宗旨就是保护世界各国人民的健康和福祉,因此特朗普总统作出的伤害这个机构的决定是对全人类的犯罪”。他呼吁美国政府立即恢复对世卫组织的资助,并向该机构提供无条件支持。

Richard Horton, editor-in-chief of The Lancet medical journal, criticized U.S. President Donald Trump's decision to suspend funding to the World Health Organization (WHO), calling it a "crime against humanity." 

Girls from Iquitos wait in a line for food in a makeshift camp created by them outside a military airport in Lima, Peru, April 25, 2020. /AP

"President Trump's decision to harm an agency whose sole purpose is to protect the health and wellbeing of the world's peoples is a crime against humanity. It is a knowing and inhumane attack against the global civilian population," Horton wrote in an article published on the website of The Lancet on Saturday. 

He urged Trump to "restore WHO's funding immediately and offer the agency his full and unconditional backing.”

U.S. President Donald Trump speaks during the daily briefing on the novel coronavirus in the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington, D.C., April 14, 2020. /AFP

当地时间14日,美国总统特朗普在白宫记者会上宣布美国将停止资助世界卫生组织。特朗普指责世卫组织在处理新冠疫情时表现欠佳,没有及时公布疫情信息,没有出台有效的防疫措施。

特朗普此举遭到了各界人士的批评。路透社在一篇报道中称,民主党人曾致信特朗普,要求美国立即恢复对世卫组织的资助。他们指责特朗普试图把世卫组织当做“替罪羊”,目的是转移人们对美国政府疫情应对措施的不满情绪

Trump announced on April 14 the suspension of U.S. funding to the WHO for its alleged mishandling of the COVID-19 pandemic. The decision sparked criticism across the world, as many politicians and leaders of international organizations called for solidarity in the fight against the global public health crisis. 

霍顿发表在《柳叶刀》的这篇文章详细回顾了世卫组织应对新冠肺炎疫情的时间线,有力驳斥了特朗普将疫情的大流行归咎于世卫组织的不当言论。

In his article "Offline: Why President Trump is wrong about WHO," Horton reviewed the timeline of the organization's COVID-19 response, noting that it said publicly that "human-to-human transmission was possible" as early as January 14. 

世卫组织抗击新冠肺炎疫情时间线:

  • 2019年12月31日,中国报告了湖北省武汉市的一组肺炎病例,最终确认了一种新型冠状病毒;

  • 2020年1月1日,世卫组织在该组织三个层级(总部、区域总部和国家一级)组建事故管理支持小组并进入抗疫紧急状态 ;

  • 1月4日,世卫组织在社交媒体上报道,中国湖北省武汉市报告了一组肺炎病例,无死亡病例;

  • 1月5日,世卫组织发布该组织关于新型病毒的第一期《疾病暴发新闻》。《疾病暴发新闻》是世卫组织面向科学界和公共卫生界以及全球媒体的主要技术出版物。该期包含一项风险评估和建议,并报告了中国向世卫组织通报的在武汉发生的聚集性肺炎病例患者状况和公共卫生对策;

  • 1月7日开始,世卫组织定期通过电话会议向各国负责公共卫生的官员通报疫情,其中包括美国;

  • 1月10日,世卫组织发布了一整套综合性技术指导 ,根据当时对该病毒的了解 ,向所有国家提供了如何发现、检测和管理潜在病例的建议 ;

  • 1月12日,中国分享了新冠病毒的基因序列;

  • 1月14日,世卫组织专家玛丽亚·范·科霍夫博士在新闻发布会上指出,可能发生了有限的人与人之间传播冠状病毒的现象(在41例确诊病例中),主要是通过家庭成员传播,并称有可能暴发更大范围的疫情;

  • 1月20-21日,世卫组织驻华代表处和西太平洋区域办事处的专家对武汉进行短暂实地考察;

  • 1月22-23日,世卫组织总干事根据《国际卫生条例(2005)》召集突发事件委员会开会,评估疫情是否构成“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”。来自世界各地的独立委员根据当时掌握的证据无法达成一致意见,他们要求在收到更多信息后再次举行会议;

  • 1月30日,世卫组织总干事重新召集了突发事件委员会,这次委员会达成共识,并告知总干事该疫情构成“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”。总干事接受了该建议 ,并宣布新冠疫情为“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件” 。


U.S. President Donald Trump speaks about the coronavirus in the White House, April 23, 2020. /AP

霍顿在文中说,从时间线可以推出的结论是,世卫组织仅用了4天时间就将这种新的“不明原因肺炎”的存在向全世界进行了通报,而将疫情列为“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”也不过用了30天。

"On Jan 4, 2020, WHO tweeted that '#China has reported to WHO a cluster of #pneumonia cases – with no deaths – in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Investigations are underway to identify the cause of this illness," Horton wrote. 

"On Jan 14, the possibility of human-to-human transmission was raised by WHO's Maria Van Kerkhove at a WHO press briefing," he added.

It took the agency just four days to inform the world about the "pneumonia of unknown cause" after it was first reported in China and just 30 days to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), he said. 


当地时间2月24日,特朗普在推特上说:“疾病预防控制中心和世界卫生组织一直在努力工作,(他们)非常聪明”。反观特朗普日前对世卫组织的指责,霍顿在文中写道,“他如今对世卫组织的指控与他先前对该机构的称赞是自相矛盾的”。

霍顿总结说,以上种种,都说明特朗普对世卫组织的指控是“没有根据的”。

Trump tweeted on February 24 that "CDC (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) & World Health [Organization] have been working hard and very smart," Horton noted. "His present attack on WHO contradicts his earlier praise for the agency." 

Horton stressed that Trump's accusations of the WHO are "without foundation." 

4月初,《华盛顿邮报》发表了一篇深度调查报道,全景式地回顾了美国在新冠肺炎疫情最初70天的失败应对及背后的深层原因。报道称,现在看来,那个时期正好是被浪费的关键时期。

An investigative report by the Washington Post said earlier this month that Trump's denial and delayed response in the critical first 70 days of the outbreak had caused the U.S. to suffer through a situation that could have been mitigated with decisive action.


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