浑·厚·华·滋——《美术里的中国》解读蕴藏在“用墨大师”画中的东方密码

“国画民族性，非笔墨之中无所见。”在中国传统绘画中，笔墨承载着浓厚的文化内涵与独特的审美价值，已成为一种艺术方法、艺术形式和艺术风格的代名词。

被誉为“千古以来第一用墨大师”的黄宾虹运用墨法近乎极致，且在笔法、墨法等方面提出了诸多创造性观点，为二十世纪的中国山水画树立了一座高峰。中央广播电视总台纪录片《美术里的中国》从黄宾虹的著名作品入手，探究其墨法之灵魂，感受浑厚氤氲中的气象变化，并解读这位山水画大师所追求的深邃意境和美学理念。

For traditional Chinese painting, the use of ink, loaded with strong cultural connotations and a unique aesthetic value, has become synonymous with the country's artistic form and style. As renowned Chinese painter Huang Binhong said, "In the ink wash resides the national character of Chinese painting."

Enjoying equal popularity with China's celebrated master artist Qi Baishi, Huang is known as a great innovator in the modern history of Chinese fine arts. His work titled "Pine Forest in the Mists" embodies his enduring legacy. The documentary series "Fine Arts in China" produced by China Media Group (CMG) explores the characteristics of this painting by Huang, while also exploring his profound artistic conception and aesthetic ideals.

黄宾虹是中国近现代美术史上的开派巨匠，也是上世纪传统中国画四大家之一。早年受“新安画派”影响，他的作品以干笔淡墨、疏淡清逸为人知晓，称作“白宾虹”；八十岁后转变绘画风格，以黑密厚重、黑里透亮为特色，又被称为“黑宾虹”。其晚年创作的《万松烟霭》就是“黑宾虹”的代表。

"Pine Forest in the Mists" was painted by Huang in the 1940s. The meticulously layered application of ink has infused the scenery with an unparalleled luster. In the painting, the richly varied shades and textures of ink have rendered a remarkable nocturnal scene of a pine forest. The shimmering streams beneath twinkling stars lend a poetic enchantment to the rugged landscape. The endless pine trees of Huangshan Mountain stand as a powerful presence in this misty night.

"Pine Forest in the Mists" painted by Huang Binhong. /CGTN

这幅画描绘了黄山西海门万壑松风云海的奇观，笔墨近看一片迷茫，远观则生机盎然，神韵流溢而又朴茂无华。画中，石径蜿蜒曲折，树木朦胧苍翠，一间茅舍掩映其间，云气清逸，远峰幽淡，密黑中颇多透气之处，奇秀苍古，如入夜山。

The famous painting was completed after two devastating world wars. During that period, people in both the East and West faced the most trying times. Huang described art as the crystallization of spiritual civilization. He said one of the casualties of the modern world is the decline of human spirituality. He has identified the power of healing and renewal in the poetic ink washes of oriental art.

Details of the painting "Pine Forest in the Mists" by Huang Binhong. /CGTN

《万松烟霭》创作于二十世纪四十年代，那时人类文明已接连遭受两次世界大战摧毁，东西方社会都面临着最艰难的时刻。黄宾虹虽已年逾古稀，但他坚持在诗性的东方笔墨中寻找抚慰与重建的力量。他始终坚信，笔墨是民族性格的表达；画中迎面拂来松涛雾霭，是笔墨中的气象，也是永恒的中国气度。黄宾虹用“浑、厚、华、滋”四个字总结自己的绘画风格，这也体现了中国文化的核心与本质——苍茫厚重、澄澈光明。

As his brush touched the paper, Huang found the images of towering pine trees and graceful mists pouring from his heart and manifesting themselves through the ink. The celebrated maestro believes that China's national character is conveyed through ink wash painting.

Huang summed up his style as "Profundity and Exuberance," which he understood to be the nature of the Chinese pursuit of enlightened spirituality. In "Pine Forest in the Mists," the image of swaying pine trees in the mist serves as a materialization of this Chinese spirit.

Chinese painting master Huang Binhong. /CGTN

在七十余年的创作生涯中，黄宾虹身体力行地实践着中国传统文化传承和发展的过程，为后人留下了超凡脱俗、意象万千的山水画艺术，开创了蕴含深刻中国传统文化内涵及美学价值的现代审美境界。他以浓、淡、破、泼、积、焦、宿的墨法在平、圆、留、重、变的笔法中显山之筋骨、显水之灵动、显人之精神，成为中国山水画史上一个新的里程碑。

This renewed understanding of China's cultural essence laid the foundation for the transformation of Huang's artistic style. He led a revolution in the portrayal of the country's mountainous landscapes after decades of study and exploration, and formulated the Seven Methods of Ink Wash based on the works of his predecessors. Huang's varied style and creativity not only won him an honorary title, but also shone a light on modern Chinese art history.

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