决策者 | 中哈关系互惠互利，历久弥坚
编者按：决策者是一个全球平台，供决策者分享他们对影响当今世界之事件的见解。沙赫拉特·努雷舍夫是哈萨克斯坦驻华大使。本文仅代表作者的观点，并不代表本台观点。
Editor's note: Decision Makers is a global platform for decision makers to share their insights on events shaping today's world. Shakhrat Nuryshev is the Kazakh Ambassador to China. The article reflects the author's opinions and not necessarily the views of CGTN.
去年9月，2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，中国国家主席习近平的第一次出国访问就是去哈萨克斯坦。这是中哈两国关系高水平、永久全面战略伙伴关系的标志。我国总统也即将对中国进行国事回访。我们希望，卡西姆若马尔特·托卡耶夫总统的访问将进一步推动双边关系的发展。目前我们正在准备一整套待签署文件，希望两国在高技术创新、开办新企业、石化、向中国市场供应哈萨克农产品、文化和教育等领域达成合作协议。
In September 2022, Chinese President Xi Jinping chose to visit Kazakhstan on his first overseas trip amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. This decision signifies the high-level nature of the permanent comprehensive strategic partnership between the two countries. Our president is preparing for a reciprocal state visit to China. We anticipate that Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev's visit will be instrumental in driving further progress in our bilateral relations. We are in the process of preparing a suite of documents for signing. We hope that Kazakhstan and China can reach cooperation agreements across various fields, including high-tech innovation, business set-ups, petrochemicals, export of Kazakh agricultural products to China, and culture and education.
2022年是中哈建交三十年。建交三十多年来，中哈关系一直保持健康稳定的发展势头。中哈两国现如今没有政治分歧，两国领导人开展非常密切的政治对话。我们在经济贸易、人文、外交、能源、交通及投资领域合作也都非常紧密。目前，中哈关系正稳步向前发展，没有任何矛盾和冲突，我们能就各种问题找到解决办法。
The year 2022 marks the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Kazakhstan. Over the past three decades, the China-Kazakhstan relationship has maintained healthy and stable development momentum. At present, there are no political differences between the two countries, and our leaders are in close political dialogue. We enjoy a very close relationship in a wide range of areas, such as trade, culture, diplomacy, energy, transportation and investment. At present, the China-Kazakhstan relationship is making steady progress, with no contradictions or conflicts, and we can always find solutions to various issues.
2019年，两国建立永久全面战略伙伴关系时，两国领导人一致认为哈萨克斯坦和中国在将来要发展睦邻友好关系。实际上我们也可以看到，两国关系正不断积极发展。在这其中，两国元首发挥了巨大的作用，应当向两位领导人致敬。他们是同龄人，同一代人，所以他们很容易就能找到契合点，能很快理解对方。两人的谈话也总是在友好的氛围中进行，这为深化双边关系奠定了良好的基础。
In
2019, when the two countries established a permanent comprehensive strategic partnership,
the leaders on both sides agreed on the importance of developing friendly
relations between Kazakhstan and China for the future. In fact, we can see that
the relationship between the two countries is constantly making progress. The
role that both heads of state have played in this development is significant
and deserves much credit. Being of the same age, and thereby, the same
generation, they can easily find common ground and understand each other very quickly.
Their dialogues, always conducted in a spirit of friendship, have laid a solid
foundation for the further deepening of the bilateral relationship.
中方即将举办中国—中亚峰会峰会，我们相信此次峰会能取得互惠互利的丰硕成果。我希望能就定期举办中国—中亚峰会达成共识，定期举办的机制能使中亚国家和中国不断完善合作。此次峰会的筹备过程让我们相信这一机制会取得积极进展，因为会建立一些特定的机制。在这一框架内，将在部长级别和其他各职能机构级别层面上建立各种机制，根据这些机制将定期举办会议，就某些合作领域和问题进行协商。
China
is about to host the China-Central Asia Summit, and we believe that the event
will yield abundant and mutually beneficial results. I hope that we can reach a
consensus on the regular convening of this Summit, as such a mechanism would undoubtedly
facilitate the continuous enhancement of cooperation between China and Central
Asian countries. The preparatory work for this summit has fortified our belief
in the potential for progress regarding this mechanism, given a specific
framework it is set to establish. It is poised to create a fixed framework,
under which a spectrum of mechanisms will be established at both the ministerial
level and other functional institution levels. Regular meetings will provide a
platform for dialogue on cooperative endeavors and issue resolution.
此次峰会的主要任务是开启中亚国家和中国合作的新阶段。很重要的一点是，中亚地区在这里是一个整体，没有划分为五个国家，作为一个整体，本着睦邻友好的精神同中国开展合作，因此我们非常期待此次峰会的举办。
The primary objective of this summit is to initiate a new stage of cooperation between Central Asian countries and China. An important point is that the Central Asian region is seen here as an integral entity, not divided into five separate nations, but rather engaging with China in unity in the spirit of neighborly friendship. Therefore, we keenly anticipate it.
同时，今年也是“一带一路”倡议提出十周年。我们都还记得2013年在阿斯塔纳，中国国家主席习近平首次对哈萨克斯坦进行国事访问，在纳扎尔巴耶夫大学进行演讲时首次提出了共建“丝绸之路经济带”倡议。
This year also marks the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). We all still remember the year 2013 in Astana, when President Xi made his first state visit to Kazakhstan, and proposed the initiative of jointly building a Silk Road Economic Belt for the first time in his speech at Nazarbayev University.
我想说，十年来，中哈两国在这一倡议框架下的合作成果丰硕，同我国的“光明之路”经济政策对接非常顺利，迄今为止我们落实了一系列项目。我们都知道，两国在连云港共同建造了物流合作基地，这也成为哈萨克斯坦同东南亚国家进行往来的窗口。哈萨克斯坦没有出海口，我们认为中国为我们打开了发展跨境合作以及与其他东南亚国家合作的窗口。
I wish to underscore that the past decade has witnessed fruitful cooperation between Kazakhstan and China under the framework of the BRI. The BRI aligns seamlessly with our "Bright Road" Initiative, leading to the successful implementation of a number of projects. As we know, our countries have jointly built a logistics base in Lianyungang, which serves as a pivotal conduit for Kazakhstan to interact with Southeast Asian countries. As a landlocked country, we recognize that China has opened the door for us to develop cross-border cooperation, including cooperation with Southeast Asian countries.
我们共同落实了“霍尔果斯—东大门”经济区项目，建成共同的陆上港口。现在，超过50%的中欧铁路运输、集装箱运输都要经过哈萨克斯坦。我们有两条铁路线路途经哈萨克斯坦通往欧洲。受各种因素影响，铁路集装箱运输的需求正在增长。所以现在哈萨克斯坦正采取一系列措施提升这些境内铁路的运力。
Together, we have implemented the "Khorgos-Eastern Gate" special economic zone project, resulting in the construction of a mutual land port. Currently, over half of the China-Europe railway transportation and container shipments pass through Kazakhstan. We have two rail routes that traverse Kazakhstan en route to Europe. Due to various factors, the demand for rail container transport is growing. Kazakhstan is taking a series of measures to increase the capacity of its domestic railways.
去年，中哈铁路运输量达到2300万吨。在将来，随着多斯特克到阿拉山口铁路段和阿亚古斯至巴克特铁路段的建成，现有铁路站的运力还将提高，中哈两国境内的铁路站点的吞吐能力和转运能力也将提升。开通新的铁路线路将为中国和欧洲之间的货物运输，以及中国和中亚国家、俄罗斯之间的货物运输创造一个额外的渠道。
Last year, the volume of railway transport between Kazakhstan and China reached 23 million tons. As we look to the future, with the completion of the Dostyk-Moiynty and the Ayagoz-Bakhty railway sections, the capacity of existing railway stations will be further enhanced. This will boost the throughput and transshipment capabilities of railway stations within the territories of both nations. The opening of new railway routes will create an additional channel for cargo transportation between China and Europe, as well as between China, Central Asian countries and Russia.
在“一带一路”框架内，哈萨克斯坦国家铁路公司在连云港海上港口已有物流基地的情况下，现在正就在西安建设物流中心进行商议。众所周知，西安是一个物流运输中心，是丝绸之路的起点，第一批长安号中欧班列从这里出发，所以我们的铁路公司希望在西安建立物流基地，开通铁路列车，以便在未来为从中国到欧洲和其他邻近哈萨克斯坦的国家的货物交付提供更好的服务。
Within the framework of the BRI, the Kazakhstan National Railway Company, which already has a logistics base at the seaport of Lianyungang, is currently in discussions about building a logistics center in Xian. Xian is widely known as a logistics hub and the starting point of the Silk Road. Xian once saw the first fleet of China-Europe freight trains depart from its ground. Therefore, our railway company hopes to set up a logistics base in Xian and initiate rail services to better deliver cargo in the future from China to Europe and other countries neighboring Kazakhstan.
习近平主席提出“一带一路”倡议后，哈萨克斯坦是第一批支持这一倡议的国家之一。我们认为，这无论是对两国交通合作还是对提升哈萨克斯坦铁路运力都非常有利。我们在哈萨克斯坦除了吸引外商投资，自身也会投资完善铁路基础设施，这为哈萨克斯坦人民提供了工作岗位。所以，我们希望能够在“一带一路”框架内进行更深入长远的合作，希望双边合作能够互惠互利。
Following President Xi's proposition of the BRI, Kazakhstan was among the first group of countries to pledge its support. We perceive it as immensely beneficial, not only to bilateral transport cooperation but also to enhancing Kazakhstan's railway capacity. In Kazakhstan, we strive to attract foreign investment while also investing in our railway infrastructures. This endeavor has been pivotal in creating job opportunities for the Kazakh people. So we hope to foster deeper and more long-term cooperation under the framework of the BRI. We wish to see a mutually beneficial cooperation.
在新的时代，哈萨克斯坦在2021年通过了2025年前投资政策的新概念。在这一概念框架内，我们与外国投资者合作，希望对哈萨克斯坦共和国的投资兴趣不仅仅是开采某些矿产资源，而且在深加工领域。我们都非常清楚，中国最近在纳米技术、生物技术、人工智能等大数据领域都取得了长足发展。因此，我们非常有兴趣吸取中国的先进经验，使哈萨克斯坦的创新领域获得新的发展动力。我们有兴趣在制造业领域吸引中国投资，以提高我们在汽车生产、机床生产、机械制造、炼油设备等领域的能力。也就是说，不仅仅是吸引投资开采矿产资源，这里的任务是吸引外国投资，包括中国投资，对在哈萨克斯坦生产的产品进行深度加工，创造更高的价值。
In this new era, Kazakhstan adopted a new concept in 2021 for its investment policy leading up to 2025. Within this conceptual framework, we are collaborating with foreign investors, hoping that their interest in investing in Kazakhstan extends beyond the mere extraction of certain mineral resources and into deeper processing fields. It is very clear that China has recently made significant strides in areas such as nanotechnology, biotechnology and artificial intelligence have seen remarkable development. Therefore, we are keen on drawing from China's advanced experiences, thus injecting new impetus into Kazakhstan's innovation domain. We are interested in attracting Chinese investment in our manufacturing sector to enhance our capabilities in areas such as automobile manufacturing, machine tool production, mechanical manufacturing, and oil refining equipment production. That is to say, our task is not merely to attract investment in mining but to attract foreign investment, including that from China, in deep processing of products made in Kazakhstan, thereby creating greater value.
我相信，在不久的将来，吸引的投资额只会增加。值得一提的是，我们的哈萨克斯坦企业家也在中国投资一些企业，包括乳制品生产，以及采矿业、农产品加工业。也就是说，这是一个双向的过程。不仅仅是哈萨克斯坦吸引中国投资，哈萨克斯坦投资者现在也在中国投资，因为他们看到中国是一个巨大的市场，是一个庞大的消费市场，价值超过万亿美元，我们的企业家也希望在中国市场的这些供应链中找到自己的位置。我们有坚实的合同法律基础，哈萨克斯坦和中国之间已经达成了广泛的协议，我们有新合作方向的协议。所有这些都是互利的，相互认可的。在我们两国领导人的领导下，我相信，在未来几年，我们的双边关系将不断向前发展。
I believe that in the near future, the amount of attracted investment will only increase. It's worth noting that Kazakh entrepreneurs are also investing in some enterprises in China, including those working on dairy production, mining, and agricultural product processing. In other words, this is a two-way process. Not only is Kazakhstan attracting Chinese investment, but Kazakh investors are also investing in China because they see China as a vast market, a colossal consumer market valued at trillions of U.S. dollars. Our entrepreneurs aspire to carve out their niche in these supply chains within the Chinese market. We have a solid contractual legal foundation, and extensive agreements have been reached between Kazakhstan and China, including agreements on new directions of cooperation. All of these are mutually beneficial and mutually recognized. Under the stewardship of our leaders, I believe that in the coming years, our bilateral relationship will evolve in an increasingly progressive manner.