特稿 | 史有为：带调音节:解释汉语的一个出发点

 

摘要：语音与语法应该存在相关性。带调音节是汉语的特点。汉语在句法-构词法的同构、句法词类、词语韵律、诗词格律以及文字类型等方面存在很明显的相关性。通过多语言调查，又发现带调音节与单音节语、语法手段、句首指称词地位等类型也存在明显的相关性。而汉语是其中最突出而典型的一种。由此证明，带调音节是解释汉语的一个出发点，具有控制性，值得格外重视。汉语此例应该具有一定程度的普遍意义。

关键词：带调音节；声调；汉语；汉字；相关性

A Syllable with a Tone: A Starting Point of Interpreting Mandarin Chinese

SHI You-wei

Abstract: There must be some correlation between phonetics and grammar of a language. Mandarin Chinese is featured by the fact that its syllable is with a tone. We can easily find the correlation among the following aspects:the similar structure between syntax and word-building, morphology, word rhyme, poetical meter and the categorization of Chinese characters. A survey of many languages, especially represented by Mandarin Chinese, shows that there is a clear correlation between a syllable with a tone, being monosyllabic, syntactic strategies, and sentence-initial nominal elements. Therefore, we shall pay more attention to the dominating phenomenon of a syllable with a tone, which can function as a starting point of interpreting Mandarin Chinese. The case in Mandarin Chinese is of universal significance.

Keywords: syllable with a tone    tone    Mandarin Chinese    Chinese character    correlation  

作者简介

作者简介：史有为, 日本明海大学名誉教授

原文载于《华东师范大学学报（哲社版）》2019年第3期

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