新人教版高一英语必修第一册 课文原文与翻译

Reading and Thinking

FIRST IMPRESSIONS

第一印象

Han Jing’s World 韩静的世界7：00 a.m. 上午7：00 So this is it—senior high school at last! I’m not outgoing so I’m a little anxious right now. I want to make a good first impression. Will I make any friends? What if no one talks to me?

就是这样——终于到了高中学校了！我性格并不外向，所以现在有点儿焦虑。我想给别人留下好的第一印象。我会交到朋友吗？要是没人跟我说话怎么办？

12: 30 p.m. 

中午12：30

I just had my first maths class at senior high school! The class was difficult, but the teacher was kind and friendly. He even told us a funny story, and everyone laughed so much!I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.

我刚刚上完高中的第一节数学课！这堂课很难，但老师却很和蔼可亲。他还给我们讲了一个有趣的故事，每个人都笑得很开心！我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。

5: 32 p.m.

下午5：32

This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson was great, but the guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment. I really wanted to tell him to please be quiet and leave me alone!

今天下午，我们在科学实验室上了化学课。实验室是新的，这节课也很精彩，但坐在我旁边的那个家伙一直试图跟我说话。我无法集中精力做实验。我真想对他说：请安静点，别烦我！

10:29 p.m.

晚上10：29

What a day! This morning, I was worried that no one would talk to me. But I was wrong. I didn’t feel awkward or frightened at all. I miss my friends from junior high school,but I believe I will make new friends here, and there’s a lot to explore at senior high. I feel much more confident than I felt this morning. I think that tomorrow will be a great day!

多好的一天啊！今天早上，我担心没有人会跟我说话。但我错了。我一点儿也不觉得尴尬或害怕。我想念我初中的朋友，但我相信我会在这里会结交到新朋友，而且高中有很多事物等着我去探索。我感觉比今天早上自信多了。我相信，明天将是非常不错的一天！

Reading for Writing

Ann, 15 安：15岁

Lakeside High School 湖滨高中

USA 美国

My name is Ann Well sand I’m a Grade 10 student at Lakeside High School. I’m an active person and I love sports. I’m curious about everything. I often ask questions, but I learn best by doing. My favourite subject is physics. Dancing and skating are my hobbies, and I also like to read short stories. I plan to become an engineer in the future.

我叫安•韦尔斯，是湖滨高中10年级的学生。我性格活泼，喜欢运动。我对一切事物都充满好奇。我经常提出问题，动手操作时我的学习效果最好。我最喜欢的科目是物理。我的爱好是跳舞和滑冰，我也喜欢读短篇小说。我计划将来要成为一名工程师。

Thando, 16 桑多：16岁

South Hill High School 南山高中

South Africa 南非

I’m Thando Gowon. I’m16 this year. I come from South Africa. I’m a Grade 10 student at South Hill High School. I look good, think fast, and play hard. You’ll never see me without a book or a pen. If I’m not in class, I’m either in the library or in he computer lab. At the weekends, I play computer games if I’m not busy studying. My dream is to start my own IT company!

我是桑多•戈翁。我今年16岁，来自南非。我是南山高中10年级的学生。我长得挺好，思维敏捷，该玩的时候就玩得很卖力。不论什么时候，你都会看到我拿着书或握着笔。如果我不在上课，就一定在图书馆或计算机实验室。周末如果不忙于学习，我就玩电脑游戏。我的梦想是创办一家自己的信息技术公司！

Unit 1 Teenage life

Reading and Thinking

THE FRESHMAN CHALLENGE

新生的挑战

Hi! My name is Adam and I’m a freshman at senior high school. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. The first week was a little confusing.

嗨！我叫亚当，是高中一年级的新生。从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。第一周有点让人迷茫。

First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hope to be fluent when I graduate. My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.

首先，我必须非常认真地考虑我想选哪些课程。学校的指导老师帮我选择了适合我的课程：数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。我知道中文是一门非常难学的语言，但我希望毕业时能说得很流利。因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错，我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学。

I had to choose extra-curricular activities, too. I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. Obviously, I was unhappy, but I won’t quit. I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year. I joined a volunteer club instead. Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food to homeless people in the community.

我还得选一些课外活动。我想参加学校足球队，但教练说我踢得不够好。显然，我很不开心，但我不会放弃。我会自己想办法提高，这样我明年就能加入球队了。不过，我还是参加了一个志愿者社团。每周三，我们会在食品救济站里干活，把食物分发给社区里的无家可归者。

I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework. Still, I’m happy to be here. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.

我知道作为一名高中生，我必须得更加努力地学习，学会习惯对更多的事情负责。我有点担心在高级课程中无法跟上其他学生，而且要适应所有的作业会相当困难。不过，我还是很高兴来到这里。努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为未来上大学或是任何其他的事情做好充分准备。

Reading for Writing

10 September 2018

2018年9月10日

Dear Worried Friend,

亲爱的有烦恼的朋友，

You wrote that you are very worried about your friend, Chen Lei. I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible. You think that your friend plays computer games too often and spends too much time online.

你信中写道，你很担心你的朋友陈雷。我完全理解你焦虑和担忧的心情。你认为你的朋友玩电脑游戏过于频繁，而且花太多时间在上网。

I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour. It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world. But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life. Some students even become addicted to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. I think you should encourage your friend to try new hobbies. Why not discuss the problem together? I am sure he will listen to you, since you are his good friend.

我建议你直接和你的朋友谈谈他的行为。对于你们这一代的青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并不稀奇。但是花太多的时间上网有损健康，也会让你很难集中精力在生活中的其他事情上。一些学生甚至沉迷于网络，无法集中精力在学校和家庭生活上。我认为你应该鼓励你的朋友尝试一些新的爱好。你们为什么不一起讨论这个问题呢？我相信他会听你的，因为你是他的好朋友。

All the best,

祝一切顺利！

Susan Luo

苏珊•罗

Unit 2  Travelling around

Reading and Thinking

PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flatland running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.

秘鲁是位于南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，由三个主要地区构成：狭窄的、干燥的、平坦的沿海地区，安第斯山脉和亚马孙热带雨林。

In the 1400s and 1500s,Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire. The Inca emperor lived in the now-famous site Machu Picchu. Spain took control of Peru in the 16thcentury and ruled until 1821. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.

在15至16世纪期间，秘鲁曾是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加帝王就住在现闻名于世的马丘比丘。西班牙在16世纪开始掌控秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。正因为如此，西班牙语才是秘鲁的主要官方语言。

TRAVEL PERU

畅游秘鲁

Amazon Rainforest Tour

亚马孙热带雨林之旅

A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.

从库斯科出发的短途航班会带您从安第斯山脉飞抵亚马孙雨林。从那儿，您将乘一天的船前往位于森林深处的住宿地。在接下来的三天里，您可以在当地导游的陪同下，深入雨林进行探索，欣赏雨林独有的动植物。

Machu Picchu Tour

马丘比丘之旅

This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the In cas’dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.

为期四天的徒步旅行将带您在通往马丘比丘的途中，踏上穿越安第斯山脉的神奇之路。到达目的地后，您将有一天时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。尤其令人惊奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美贴合，即可稳固墙体。

Cusco Tour

库斯科之旅

Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.

在安第斯山脉上的库斯科畅玩四天，尽情享受独特的西班牙和当地印第安文化。库斯科是13世纪至16世纪印加帝国的首都。您将入住当地酒店、参观博物馆、欣赏建筑物，品尝当地美食，并在当地市场购物。

Lake Titicaca Tour

的的喀喀湖之旅

Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cuscoto Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made ofwater plants from the lake.

沿着连接库斯科到的的喀喀湖的新建公路，您可以欣赏到乡村美景。在那里，一艘小船将把您送至岛上的当地乌鲁斯家庭共度三天。岛屿和乌鲁斯人的住房都是由湖中的水生植物建造而成的。

So come and experience what Peru has to offer: everything from the ancient Inca culture andcenturies-old Spanish villages to deep rainforests, high mountains, and a beautiful coastline.

所以，欢迎来体验秘鲁的万种风情：这里有古印加文化和数百年历史的西班牙村庄，还有茂密的雨林、雄伟的山脉和美丽的海岸线。

For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, contact us at tourinfo@travelperu. org.

如需获得更多有关秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请与我们联系：tourinfo@travelperu. org。

Reading for Writing

To: [e-mail]

收信人：[e-mail]

Cc:

抄送:

Subject: A travel plan to Xi’an

主题：西安旅行计划

Dear Xiao Li,

亲爱的小李，

My time here in China is going well. I love my new school and classmates. Over the October holiday,my parents and I are planning to go to Xi’an to see the Terracotta Army. I’ve heard that it is an amazing sight, and I can’t wait to go. To me, the story of the Terracotta Army is almost unbelievable. It’s amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.

我在中国一切都好。我喜欢我的新学校和新同学。十一放假期间，我和父母打算去西安参观兵马俑。我听说兵马俑是一个令人惊叹的景点，我已经迫不及待了。对我来说，兵马俑的故事简直令人难以置信。那里有8000多座俑像，直到20世纪70年代才为人所知，想想这一切，真是非常神奇。

We’re also planning to visit several other places in Xi’an. My dad and I are both looking forward to going to the Shaanxi History Museum, because my dad loves history and I have heard that this museum is known as a “Chinese treasure house”! We’re also going to the Xi’an City Wall and a few other famous sights.

我们还计划去游览西安的其他景点。爸爸和我都期待着参观陕西历史博物馆，因为我爸爸热爱历史，而我听说这家博物馆被誉为“中国宝库”！我们还打算游览西安古城墙和其他一些著名的景点。

We’re taking the train,leaving the day before the October holiday begins. We’re arriving at 9: 30 a.m.and will start sightseeing right away, so I hope we sleep well on the train!

我们打算坐火车，在十一假期开始的前一天出发。上午9：30到达到西安之后，我们马上开始观光，但愿我们能在火车上睡个好觉！

I guess that’s all for now! I’ll write again soon and send photos! Do you have any plans for the coming holiday? Hope to hear from you soon.

我想今天就写到这里吧！我很快会再给你写信和发照片的！你对即将到来的假期有什么安排吗？希望收到你的来信。

Your friend,

你的朋友，

Richard

理查德

TERRACOTTA ARMY

兵马俑

Come and see the Terracotta Army：more than 8,000 statues were made in the third century BCE to guard the tomb of the Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang! Each statue has a different face,leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still has not been completely unearthed. More than 700,000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well!

来参观兵马俑吧：公元前三世纪制作的8000多座俑像，守护着中国秦始皇的陵墓！每个俑像的相貌都不相同，这让研究人员认为每座俑像都是一名真实士兵的形象。这些俑像只是秦始皇巨大陵墓的一部分，而整座陵墓尚未完全发掘。当时，70多万人花了近40年时间才建成这座陵墓。然而，直到1974年几位农民打时(无意)发现了这座陵墓，现代人才知道这座皇墓！

Unit 3 Sports and fitness

Reading and Thinking

LIVING LEGENDS

活着的传奇

Help us choose some“Living Legends of Sports”. They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. Here are our first two choices.

来帮助我们选出“体育界的活传奇”吧。他们必须所在运动项目上的大师，并且是他人学习的楷模。以下是我们首批筛选出来的两位传奇人物。

Lang Ping 郎平

As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volley ball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. As a person,Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks later, they were world champions! Then in2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil.

作为一名运动员，郎平为她的国家带来了诸多荣誉。作为一名教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上屡获殊荣。作为个人，郎平深受国内外深受球迷的喜爱。当中国队在准备2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。郎平组建的团队处于崩溃的边缘。最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题而离队。失去两大主力队员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平并没有灰心。她以前也遇到过各种困难，她知道只要她这些年轻的运动员们拧成一股绳通力合作，就能获胜。两周后，她们真成了世界冠军！随后在2016年，郎平又带领她的排球队在巴西勇夺奥运会金牌。

Michael Jordan 迈克尔·乔丹

When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground, time seemed to stand still. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique.In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win.Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. “I can accept failure; everyone fails at something. But I can’t accept not trying.” Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up. In life,Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.

迈克尔·乔丹双脚离地的那一瞬间时，时间似乎都凝固了。这位被称为“飞人乔丹”的运动员用他那优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球运动。乔丹的球技令人赞叹，然而他所展示出来的精神力量使他脱颖而出。在比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总能找到办法获胜。乔丹说，他成功的秘诀在于从失败中学习。“我可以接受失败，每个人都会遭遇失败；但我决不能接受不去尝试。” 赛场上失利教会他更努力地训练和永不放弃。在生活中，乔丹学会了与他人分享自己的成功。他在芝加哥创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。

Send your suggestions for ““Living Legends of Sports” to [e-mail].

请将你推荐的“体育界的活传奇”发送至[e-mail]。

Reading for Writing

GOING POSITIVE

积极向上

I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible. I worried about my weight and tried every new diet I read about online. I tried no-fat,low-fat, 5: 2, only bananas, no bananas—I almost went bananas, too.

我总是想让自己看起来像电视上的那些苗条女孩，尽管我知道明知这不可能。我非常担心我的体重，也尝试了我网上看到的每一种新的减肥饮食方案。我试过无脂肪、低脂肪、5：2饮食法、只吃香蕉、不吃香蕉——(最后)我几近疯狂。

Then I read an article that said instead of asking “Am I fat?” I should be asking “Am I fit?” I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos”, I would say “I want to run two kilometres in eight minutes” or “I want to be able to do 30 push-ups”. Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. I could still have a burger now and then, but I would add a salad or an apple.

后来，我看到一篇文章，说不要问自己“我胖吗？”而应该问“我健康吗？” 我没料到一词之差，能有如此大的区别！一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，情况就有了变化。我不会说“我想减掉三公斤”，我会说“我要在八分钟内跑完两公里”或者“我希望能做30个俯卧撑”。我不再抗拒我喜爱的食物，而是在自己的三餐中添加健康食品。我仍然偶尔可以吃一个汉堡，但我会加上一份沙拉或一个苹果。

Finally, I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body. Instead, I made a list of the things I liked about myself. By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier.

最后，我不再拿自己与女演员和模特比较，不再寻找我的脸蛋或身材的缺陷。相反，我把对自己满意的地方列了一张清单。通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了。

Unit 4 Natural disasters

Reading and Thinking

THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP

地球的一个不眠之夜

Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3：00 a.m., on28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.

河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连：一连几天，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏，井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。至少有一口水井的裂缝冒出臭气。鸡甚至猪都焦虑不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所，鱼儿也跳出水面。1976年7月28日凌晨3: 00左右，唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼亮光，接着又传来巨大的声响。然而，那天晚上城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡在梦乡。

At 3:42 a.m.,everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads,and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than400,000.

凌晨3: 42，万物开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日即将来临！在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪伤害最严重之一的地震爆发了，远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏，全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路。坚硬的石山变成了泥沙流。在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤，数以千计的孩子失去了父母。在此次地震中丧亡或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。

Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings，90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows，hundreds of thousands of pigs，and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water，food，and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.

幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，万物尽毁。市内大约75%的工厂和大楼、90%的住房和所有的医院都倒塌了。砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁不是坍塌了就是无法安全通行了。铁轨变成了废金属块；数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。沙子灌满水井，井水消失殆尽。人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了。没有水、食物，电也停了。人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。

But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train，truck，and plane.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.

然而，希望尚存。地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。上万名医疗工作者赶到现场，救死扶伤。工人为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所，数十万的群众获到了帮助，火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。

Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people，with great improvements in transportation，industry，and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.

唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。这座新的城市已经成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大的改善。唐山向中国、向世界证明，在自然灾难中，人民必须勠力同心，保持乐观的心态和重建家园的决心。

Reading for Writing

TSUNAMI HITS ASIA: OVER 6, 500 DEAD

海啸袭击亚洲：6500余人丧生

By Robert Wood house  Monday, 27 December 2004

罗伯特·伍德侯斯  2004年12月27日，星期一

The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India,Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists,hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. The undersea quake struck around7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed.

昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发了冲击亚洲沿海地带的海啸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家6500多人死亡。渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被高达9.0级的强震所引发的巨浪卷走。海啸巨浪由周日上午7点许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。仅该地区就有至少1870人遇难。

In Sri Lanka, some1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of deaths stood at 2,498,and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said.Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast.Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing, local officials said. “I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety,” said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman.

政府官员称，在震中以西约1600千米处的斯里兰卡，死亡人数高达2498人，另有100多万人受到海啸的影响。印度官员称，南部沿海地区有多达1900人丧生。泰国另有254人死亡，其他三个国家则有54人丧生。当地官员表示，泰国南部有1900人受伤，失踪人数则更多。泰国当地一位女子钱德拉·特拉维说：“当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。我们只好放弃一切，逃到安全的地方。”

Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.

目前仍有数千人失踪，预计在未来几天死亡人数还将增加。目前(人们)正在为这些受海啸袭击的国家组织外援。然而，由于条件险恶和道路受阻，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。

Unit 5 Languages around the world

Reading and Thinking

THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM:

CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT

汉语书写体系：连接古今

China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.

尽管历史跌宕起伏，中国因其古老文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。其存续的原因有很多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。

At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi.

起初，汉语是一种基于图形的语言。它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画简单的符号。这些符号在今天的汉字中仍然可以看到。

By the Shang Dynasty(around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang ofthe Qin Dynasty (221-207BCE).

到商朝（约公元前1600年~前1046年右）时，这些符号已经演变成一套完善的书写体系。在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成了不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。然而，这在秦朝（公元前221-前207年）秦始皇统治时期发生了变化。

Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.

秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和中国文化具有重要意义。即使在今天，不管住在哪里，也不管说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。

Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past. People in modem times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.

汉语也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。现代中国人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典作品。中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式——书法。书法已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。

Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.

如今，汉字书写体系仍然是中国文化的重要组成部分。随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉字这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。

Reading for Writing

Learning English

学习英语

Wang Le:Hey, everybody,what are your biggest problems with learning English?

王乐：嘿，各位，请问你们在学习英语时遇到的最大问题是什么？

Liu Wen: Hi! I’ve been studying English since primary school. I used to get high marks in English, but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening. When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video, I can catch only a few words. Ican never quite get the main idea. Any advice?

刘文：你好！我从小学就开始一直学习英语。我以前英语成绩挺好的，但现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。我在视频中听以英语为母语的人说话时，只能听明白几个单词。我从来就没能完全搞懂过大意。有什么建议吗？

Jia Xin: Listening to English radio programmes helps me get used to how fast native speakers talk.I also repeat what I hear to help myself to experience the feeling of the language. Sometimes I even record my voice so I can listen to myself and compare my pronunciation with the radio host’s! My biggest headache is how to be polite in English. It’s so much easier to just say “Open the window!”, but in English that can sound really terrible. I have to think about who I’m talking to and then decide whether to say, “Open the window, please!” or “Could you open the window, please?” or even longer “Would you mind opening the window, please?”

佳欣：听英语广播节目有助于我习惯母语人士的说速。我还会复述我所听到的，以此来培养语感。有时我甚至还给自己录音，这样一来，我可以听自己的发音，并把我的发音与广播主持人进行比较！我最头疼的问题是如何得体地使用英语。说“打开窗户！”很容易，但在英语里，这样说听起来真的太糟糕了。我必须考虑到我在跟谁说话，然后再决定是说“请打开窗户！”还是“请你打开窗户，好吗？”或者说句更长的“请问，您介意打开窗户吗？”

Li Rui: Yeah,that’s really hard! I think it all depends on who you’re talking to. If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me, I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a demand, e.g.,“Could you open the window, please?” If I’m talking to someone senior to me,then I should say, “Would you mind opening the window, please?” For me,vocabulary is my biggest problem—there are just SO MANY new words!I can’t keep all the new vocabulary straight in my head, and I certainly can’t remember how to use them all properly. HELP!

李瑞：是的，这真的很难！我认为这完全取决于你在跟谁说话。如果我是跟一位好朋友说话，我可以用简短的请求，比如“打开窗户” ，这是因为我们的关系亲密，彼此平等，所以我只需要几个字就能让对方明白我的意思。但是，如果我是跟一个与我不太亲近的人说话，那么我得把我的请求说得长一些—— 我得把它变成一个疑问句，而不是一个要求，例如，“麻烦你打开窗户，好吗？”如果我跟一个比我年长的人说话，那么我得说：“请问，您是否介意打开窗户呢？”对我而言，词汇是最大的问题——生词实在太多了！我不无法在脑子里记住所有的生词，当然也就记不住如何恰当地使用这些词汇。帮帮我吧！

往期推荐

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