新外研版高中英语必修二Unit 4-6 全部课文文本+翻译+录音，收藏备用

 Unit 4 

When HAMLET meets PEKING OPERA

当《哈姆雷特》遇上京剧

1 I thought I knew a lot about Hamlet. As a high school student with English literature as one of my main subjects, I have to! Shakespeare’s Hamlet is probably the most important play by the most important writer in English. Almost everybody knows “To be, or not to be”, right? Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times, I was full of confidence—until the Peking Opera came to town!

我本以为自己对《哈姆雷特》很了解。作为一名以英语文学为主课的高中生，《哈姆雷特》是我必学的内容！莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》应该是最重要的英语作家创作的最重要的戏剧了。几乎所有人都知道“生存，还是毁灭”，对吧？我看过好几部《哈姆雷特》的影视作品，这部戏剧我也看了好几遍，因此我充满了信心——直到城里来了京剧表演！

2 Dating back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. Does this mean it’s easier than a Shakespeare play to understand? To find out the answer, I just had to go and see The Revenge of Prince Zidan—the Peking Opera version of Hamlet.

京剧的起源可以追溯到18世纪，距今已有两百多年历史。这是否意味着京剧比莎士比亚的戏剧更容易理解？为了找到答案，我必须去看看《王子复仇记》——京剧版的《哈姆雷特》。

3 Starting with an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments, the opera brought a completely new sound to my Western ears. At first, I thought what I heard was a violin, but later I learnt that it was an instrument with two strings called jinghu. Then, seeing the main characters come on stage, I was surprised! The costumes and masks were amazing. The performers of course sang in Chinese, but the music, exaggerated movements and mime helped get the meanings across to the audience. The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass! And the stage was really simple:a decorated whip represented a horse, and a screen with Chinese characters, a study. Using such techniques, the opera had transformed a small stage into the whole universe.

戏一开场，是乐队弹奏中国传统乐器，我这个西方人的耳朵听到了一种全新的声音。起初，我以为我听到的是小提琴的声音，不过后来我才知道那是一种有两根弦的乐器，叫做京胡。然后，看到主角登场时，我感到十分惊讶！那些服装和脸谱都很棒。当然，演员们的唱词是中文的，但观众可以借助伴奏、夸张的动作和形体模仿来理解表演内容。那些唱腔听起来非常独特——有的女声声调如此之高，以至于我觉得可以震碎玻璃！舞台的布置非常简单：有装饰的马鞭就代表马，写有汉字的屏风就代表书房。通过这些方法，京剧把一个小小的舞台变成了浩瀚的宇宙。

4 Easily my favourite part of the show was how the characters moved on stage. I had never seen Prince Hamlet do a backflip before! That was simply incredible. It was so dazzling and energetic that I wasn’t sure if the characters were performers or athletes! Everyone was clapping.

毫无疑问，演出中我最喜欢的部分是人物在舞台上的动作。我从没见过哈姆雷特王子表演后空翻！简直太不可思议了！那眼花缭乱的动作充满力量，我都不确定这些表演者到底是演员还是运动员！大家都使劲儿鼓掌。

5 Before experiencing The Revenge of Prince Zidan, I wasn’t sure if I would enjoy it. But, in fact, I was on the edge of my seat! Feeling the strong emotions of love, anger, fear and grief in the performance, I could easily recognise the theme of Hamlet. So, if you want to see a show that combines music, singing, drama, poetry and costume design with explosive effect, The Revenge of Prince Zidan ticks all the right boxes!

在亲身体验《王子复仇记》之前，我不知道自己是否会喜欢(京剧)。可事实上，我看得超级投入！通过从表演中感受到的爱、怒、惧、哀等强烈情感，我很容易就能看出《哈姆雷特》的主题。所以，如果你想看一场融合了音乐、演唱、戏剧、诗歌以及惊艳服饰的表演，那么《王子复仇记》再合适不过了！

Good Book, Bad Movie?

好书坏电影？

1 They say that “a picture is worth a thousand words”, but the briefest look at books and the movies based on them would have anyone questioning this common saying. All too often, great words end up being turned into cinematic “turkeys”.

人们常说“一图胜千词”，但是简单对照一下书籍和由之而改编的电影，就会让人们开始质疑这一说法。很多时候，优秀的文字作品最终却变成电影中的失败之作。

2 Good movies need good stories. If so, why has one of the earliest and greatest works in Western storytelling, Homer’s The Odyssey, never had an equally great movie based on it? Movies need strong characters. So why have the movies based on The Great Gatsby never been praised as “great”? Movies of course need impressive images, so why has Alice in Wonderland only resulted in movies best described as “interesting”?

好的电影需要好的故事。若是如此，那为什么西方叙事文本中最早且最优秀的作品之一——荷马的《奥德赛》——从未产生过同样优秀的改编电影呢？电影中需要个性鲜明的人物。那为什么基于《了不起的盖茨比》改编的电影从未被称赞为“优秀”呢？电影当然需要令人印象深刻的画面，那为什么由《爱丽丝梦游仙境》改编的电影顶多被称为“有点意思”呢？

3 One of the key reasons behind this is that while a book usually takes a few days to read, a movie typically lasts under two hours, This means that great books can lose plot details and characters when they move to the big screen. This is something that even the highly successful Harry Potter movies can’t escape from, with fans of the books disappointed not to see some of their favourite characters in the movie versions.

这背后的一个重要原因是，一本书通常需要花几天的时间来阅读，而一部电影通常不会超过两小时。这就意味着优秀的书籍被搬上大银幕之后，会删减一些情节和人物。这是连大获成功的“哈利·波特”系列电影也无法避免的事情，有些书迷因为在电影中没看到自己最喜欢的一些角色而感到失望。

4 Movies also disappoint us when things don’t look the way we imagined them in the books. Take, for example, the epic movie Troy, which is in part based on Homer’s The Iliad and was met with mixed reviews from the audience. The most questionable issue was the actress chosen to play the part of Helen. Many people thought she didn’t live up to Helen’s title of “the most beautiful woman in the world”, influencing opinions of the movie to some extent.

电影呈现出的事物与我们读书时的想象的有落差时，我们也会备感失望。以史诗电影《特洛伊》为例，该电影部分改编自荷马的《伊利亚特》，观众对它的评论褒贬不一。其中最有争议的问题在于扮演海伦的女演员。许多人认为她配不上海伦“世界上最美丽的女人”这一称号，这在一定程度上影响了人们对这部电影的看法。

5 There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people’s eyes. Furthermore, books and movies are two different forms of media and therefore have different rules. With this in mind, perhaps we should judge a movie in its own right, and not against its original source. Interestingly, audiences have in recent years turned to television series such as Sherlock or Mad Men, which can have many characters and gradual plot development. Perhaps, one day, readers of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s most admired work will find themselves glued to their screens by episodes of The Great Gatsby.

一千个读者就有一千个哈姆雷特。而且书籍和电影是两种不同的媒体形式，因此也遵循不同的原则。考虑到这一点，也许我们应该基于电影本身而不是将其与原始版本进行对比来评价电影。值得注意的是，观众已经逐渐将兴趣转向了《神探夏洛克》或《广告狂人》这样的电视连续剧，因为电视剧能展现更多人物，情节也得以逐步展开。也许有一天，F. 斯科特·菲茨杰拉德最杰出作品的读者们，会发现自己已被《了不起的盖茨比》的剧集深深吸引。

 Unit 5 

Blogging Australia

用博客记录澳大利亚

1 Who are you and what do you do?

请介绍一下你自己和你从事的工作吧。

My name is Lauren Elizabeth Pirie Bath, Until a few years ago I was a chef, and a happy one at that, but I wanted more out of life. I wanted to TRAVEL. At that time I discovered blogging and found that I took pretty good pictures. So I decided to post pictures on my blog. In less than 18 months, there were over 200,000 people reading my blog! At first, I only regarded it as a hobby, but companies started paying me to take photos and publish them. In 2013, I was determined to make my dream come true: I would become Australia’s first professional photo blogger. It was a challenging job, but I did it. Now I spend three weeks out of every month travelling and have over 464,000 fans following me online. I’ve got to know more about this country and its people.

我叫劳伦·伊丽莎白·皮里·巴思。几年前我还是一名厨师，我也很喜欢那份工作，但我希望能够获得更多的生活体验：我想去旅行。就在那时我接触到了博客，并且我发现自己拍的照片很不错。所以我决定把照片发布在我的博客上。在不到18个月的时间里就有超过20万人看了我的博客！起初，我只是把这件事当作爱好，但逐渐开始有公司愿意付费请我拍照并出版我拍的照片。2013年，我决定实现自己的梦想：成为澳大利亚第一位职业摄影博主。这是一份具有挑战性的工作，但我做到了。现在我每个月花三周时间旅行，在线关注我的粉丝超过46.4万人，而我对这个国家的风土人情也有了更多了解。

2 What is your connection to Western Australia?

你与西澳大利亚州的渊源是怎样的？

I first visited Western Australia for work in 2013. I fell in love with northern WA and have been back six times. Some of my favourite photographs were taken there. I have made over 140 work trips, but my best work trip ever was to Broome in the Kimberley region.

因工作原因，我于2013年第一次来到西澳大利亚州。我对西澳北部一见钟情，之后又去了那里六次。我最喜欢的一些照片就是在那儿拍的。我的工作旅行超过140次，但那些最棒的经历都是来自金伯利地区的布鲁姆镇。

3 What do you love most about Western Australia?

西澳最吸引你的是什么？

It is extremely beautiful and you can experience the indigenous Australia there more than anywhere else. The Kimberley region, in particular, is unique and untouched. As a photographer, I love the bright light and amazing colours: red rocks, green plants, blue-green waters and blue skies.

那里风景极其优美，在那里你可以体验最本土的澳大利亚风情。尤其是金伯利地区有着独一无二的原生态景观。作为一名摄影师，我钟爱那里明亮的光线和绚丽的色彩：红岩绿树，碧水蓝天。

4 How does your love of nature influence your photography?

你对大自然的热爱如何体现在摄影中？

To work full time in travel, you have to love nature. I try to take every opportunity to get outside and admire the natural world. I love to photograph the rising sun, so I force myself into the natural world by waking early each day. I also enjoy photographing animals, such as dolphins and kangaroos.

要把旅行当做全职工作，你必须热爱自然。我尽量把握每一个机会到户外感受大自然。我喜欢拍摄日出，所以我每天早起，让自己融入自然。我也喜欢拍摄动物，比如海豚和袋鼠。

5 Does your photography support environmental protection?

你的摄影对环保有帮助吗？

I hope so. I use my photography to make an impact on people, especially when it comes to environmental issues. Today I’ve been photographing a crocodile swimming close to our boat, the Kimberley Quest, all day. When I post the picture online, I will make a comment about how bad it is to feed wild crocodiles. This crocodile is used to passengers throwing food from boats and now she is becoming familiar with humans. Over time, this could make her a danger to people living in the area. If I can do something to make others aware of the problem, then that’s part of the solution.

我希望能够有所帮助。我通过拍照影响他人，尤其是涉及环境问题的时候。今天我一直在拍摄一条鳄鱼，它一整天都在我们乘坐的“金伯利探秘号”附近徘徊。我在网上发布图片时会附上评论，告诉人们投喂野生鳄鱼是多么糟糕的行为。这条鳄鱼已经习惯了船上游人们的投食，并且正在不断熟悉人类。时间长了，它就会成为附近居民的威胁。如果我能做点事情让别人意识到这个问题，那就能在一定程度上促进问题的解决。

Coast to Coast

穿越北美之旅

Hi Amy,

嗨，艾米，

1 We made it! My family and I have managed to cross the North American continent, from western to eastern Canada, in two weeks! I can’t wait to share the stories with you.

我们成功了！我和我的家人用了两周的时间，从加拿大西海岸到加拿大东海岸，成功横穿了北美大陆！我已经迫不及待想和你分享这次旅行的故事了。

2 We started from Vancouver, where we picked up our vehicle for the trip—a home on wheels. It took us where we wanted, when we wanted. Dad did the driving but he has a poor sense of direction. We got lost a few times even with the help of GPS, but eventually we managed to cross the Rocky Mountains. I was hoping to see a bear or even an eagle, but all I saw was a small group of deer. The views were fantastic, though. There were forests, mountains with snowy tops and masses of ice. It’s like another world.

我们从温哥华出发，在那儿我们拿到了这次旅行的交通工具——一辆房车。它可以随时带我们去想去的任何地方。爸爸负责开车，但他的方向感很差。有好几次即使用了GPS，我们还是迷路了，但最终我们成功穿越了落基山脉。我本来希望能看到一只熊甚至是一只老鹰，结果却只看到了一小群鹿。不过沿途的景色还是挺美的。我们看到了森林，看到了白雪皑皑的山脉以及大片的冰原。仿佛是到了另一个世界。

3 We reached Quebec on the eighth day, where most people speak French. Well, actually, they speak Quebecois, which is a type of Canadian French. The funniest thing happened on that day. I’d fallen asleep, when I heard Dad’s phone ringing. He was driving, so I answered it. Guess who it was? Mum! It was then that I realised her seat was empty! How did that happen? Well, while I was sleeping, Dad stopped for some petrol and Mum also got out to take photos, and you can guess the rest... She was so mad! To cheer her up, we went to a typical Quebec restaurant for lunch. We had the famous “poutine”, which is a dish of French fries, fresh cheese and a hot brown sauce called “gravy”. It’s usually followed by pancakes with maple syrup—delicious!

我们在第八天到达乐魁北克，那里的人大多说法语。不过确切地说，他们说的是魁北克语，这是加拿大法语的一种。那天发生了这一路上最有趣的事。当时我正在睡觉，忽然听到爸爸的手机响了。他在开车，所以我接了电话。猜猜是谁打过来的？是妈妈！那时我才意识到她的座位是空的！这是怎么回事？原来，在我睡着那会儿，爸爸停车加油，妈妈也下车去拍照，后来的事你应该可以猜到了……妈妈太生气了！为了哄她开心，我们去了一家地道的魁北克餐馆吃午饭。我们点了有名的“肉汁奶酪薯条”，这是一道由法式炸薯条、新鲜奶酪和一种叫做“肉汁”的褐色热酱汁做成的菜。吃完这道菜，通常要吃配枫糖浆的煎饼——味道好极了！

4 So, we’re now in Newfoundland, the very eastern part of Canada and the end of our journey. To celebrate, we went on a boat trip yesterday. Mum was using Dad’s phone to take photos of the colourful little houses along the coast when we saw something amazing—a killer whale! Mum was so excited that she dropped the phone into the sea. This time it was Dad’s turn to get mad! Anyway, another family from Quebec was also on the boat and they got some great photos of the whale. They’re going to send them to us when they get back home. What’s more, their son’s the same age as me. He’s so cool! We’re going to keep in touch, so I now have someone to practise French with!

我们现在在本次旅行的终点站——加拿大最东部的纽芬兰。为了庆祝，我们昨天乘船出海。正当妈妈用爸爸的手机拍摄海岸五颜六色的小房子时，我们看到惊人的一幕——一只虎鲸！妈妈太激动，结果把手机丢进了海里。这次轮到爸爸生气了！不过，来自魁北克的另外一个家庭当时也在船上，他们拍到了一些很棒的虎鲸的照片。他们回家后会把照片寄给我们。而且，他们的儿子和我一样大。他好酷！我们会保持联系的。所以，现在有人陪我练习法语了！

With love,

爱你的

Eva

伊娃

 Unit 6 

SHARKS: DANGEROUS OR ENDANGERED?

鲨鱼：危险动物还是濒危动物？

1 We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. Suddenly, she is pulled underwater. She surfaces, cries in fear, then disappears forever. This is the opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws, showing a shark attack. It tells the story of a great white shark that attacks and kills swimmers. Jaws was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards. It strengthened people’s long-held idea of the great white shark as a dangerous animal.

我们看到一个女人夜晚在漆黑的海水里游泳。突然，她被什么东西拖到水下。她挣扎着浮出水面，发出惊恐的尖叫，然后就彻底消失了。这是1975年上映的电影《大白鲨》的开场画面，呈现了鲨鱼攻击人类的画面。电影讲述了一条大白鲨袭击并杀死游泳者的故事。电影大获成功，吸引了大量观众并赢得了众多奖项。这部电影也加深了人们对大白鲨的固有印象：这是一种危险的动物。

2 People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse. It made people frightened of sharks, especially of the great white shark. Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans. Some people stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the film. Other people started fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could. At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many were killed. People just wanted them killed.

人类本就害怕鲨鱼，而电影《大白鲨》使这种情况变得更糟。让人们对鲨鱼，特别是大白鲨，心生恐惧。许多看过这部电影的人开始相信，鲨鱼是吃人的有害动物。有些人因为害怕遇到电影里描述的这种可怕生物再也不去海里游泳了。而另外一些人则开始无所顾忌地捕杀鲨鱼。当时，没人在意鲨鱼是否杀死，也没人在意杀了多少。人们认为鲨鱼死有余辜。

3 After 1975, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly, and soon fell around the world. This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off. The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and painfully. The fins are used in shark fin soup. Finning kills millions of sharks a year.

1975年之后，在美国附近海域里，大型鲨鱼的数量迅速下降，这一趋势很快蔓延到全球。这不仅仅是因为人类对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为采割鱼鳍。采割鱼鳍是一种捕猎活动，人们捞到鲨鱼后将其鱼鳍割下，鲨鱼被扔回海里中缓慢而痛苦地死去，割下的鱼鳍用来做鱼翅汤。每年有数百万的鲨鱼因此丧命。

4 Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on. In 1980, Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight. It was an area where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behaviour. “Sharks don’t target humans,” he said. Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by mistake. Only around six people are killed by sharks every year.

鱼鳍采割活动对《大白鲨》电影的原著作者——彼得·本奇利产生了意想不到的影响。1980年，本奇利在潜水时看到了可怕的一幕：渔民们正在这片海域采割鲨鱼的鱼鳍，海底遍布了死去的鲨鱼。本奇利亲眼目睹鲨鱼被杀，这引起了他内心的深刻转变。他意识到人类才是鲨鱼的威胁，而鲨鱼并非人类的敌人。从那天起，他开始为保护鲨鱼而努力。他承认自己书中关于鲨鱼行为的描述是不正确的。“鲨鱼并不以人类为攻击目标。”他说。专家们也已经证明了鲨鱼不会将人类视为食物，它们对人类的攻击都是无意的。每年因鲨鱼攻击致死的人数在六人左右。

5 Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.

幸运的是，并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼——有些人变得更有兴趣去了解它们。如今，随着我们对鲨鱼了解的加深，越来越多的人愿意去保护它们免遭灭绝。

What’s really green?

哪些才是真正的环保做法？

Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment, and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution. But recently, some “green truths” have been shown to be only half true, or even completely false. Here are some common ones. Which are really green?

我们大多数人都意识到要保护环境，也采取了各种行动节约能源，减少浪费和污染。但是近来，一些“绿色环保真相”被证实并非完全是正确的，甚至是无稽之谈。下面列举了一些常见的环保观念，其中哪些是真正的环保做法？

? Paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones.

纸质购物袋比塑料袋好？

Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals, which mistake them for food. It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time for paper. Because of this, people think paper bags are the better environmental choice.

塑料袋会变成垃圾，被野生动物误食后会对其造成伤害。塑料的分解需要数百年的时间，而纸的降解时间要短得多。因此人们认为纸袋是更为环保的选择。

However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. The process also produces more greenhouse gases.

然而，生产纸袋所消耗的能源是塑料袋的四倍，而耗水则多达三倍。其生产过程也会产生更多的温室气体。

In fact, both kinds of bags are bad for the environment. So, take a reusable bag with you when you go shopping.

事实上这两种袋子都不够环保，所以出门购物时请带上一个可重复使用的袋子。

? When you turn off a device, it stops using power.

关掉的电器不耗电？

When we turn off a device, such as television, it goes into stand-by mode. Devices in this mode still use power, and older devices in stand-by mode can use even more. This happens because electricity continues to leak from the device, even when it is turned “off”. To make sure your appliance is in fact off, remove the plug from its power supply.

当我们关掉电视等电器时，它会进入待机状态。这种状态下的电器仍然耗电，而且越旧的电器耗电越多。这是因为电器即使已经被“关掉”了，却依然有电流从电器中流失。为确保电器设备彻底关闭，请从电源上拔下电器插头。

? Eating local food is good for the environment.

吃本地食物更有利于环保？

It seems like common sense: eating local food should be better for the environment, because it does not need to be transported long distances and kept cold during transport. Unfortunately, it is not that simple. It is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases. In some cases, local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away—even taking into account its transport.

这似乎是常识：吃本地产的食物更环保，因为不需要长途低温运输。然而事实没有那么简单。相比于运输，食物的生产过程才是消耗大部分能源及生产大部分温室气体的原因。在有些情况下，即使将运输因素考虑在内，本地的农产品也可能比距离遥远的外地种植的农产品耗能更多，产生的温室气体也更多。

It’s better to take a shower than a bath.

淋浴比泡澡更好？

It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is. If you spend more than eight minutes in a shower, you’ll use as much water as in a bath—about 50 litres of water. Therefore, the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible.

这取决于你淋浴的时间和你浴缸的大小。如果淋浴超过八分钟，那么耗水量就和泡澡一样多——大约为五十升水。所以，节水的关键在于尽量缩短淋浴的时间。

Environmental awareness is now part of daily life. But it’s worth checking common ideas and opinions to see what’s really green.

环保意识已经融入了人们的日常生活，但我们仍需仔细辨别我们已经习以为常的理念和观点中哪些才是真正“绿色环保”的。

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