Legislatve Updates | 双语新闻

【来源】北大法宝英文译本库

【责任编辑】郝文文

【声明】本文由北大法宝编写，转载请注明来源

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1.最高法发布意见推进以审判为中心的刑诉制度改革

近日，最高人民法院发布《关于全面推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革的实施意见》。

《实施意见》以“确保有罪的人受到公正惩罚、无罪的人不受刑事追究”为宗旨，特别强调了坚持严格司法原则，树立依法裁判理念。《意见》还规范证据认定规则，切实防范冤假错案，要求人民法院严格实行非法证据排除规则，完善非法证据排除程序，细化有关证据采信规则，严格落实法律规定的证明标准。

1.SPC Issues Opinions to Advance the Trial-Centered Reform of the Criminal Justice System 

Recently, the Supreme People's Court issued the Implementation Opinions on Comprehensively Advancing the Trial-Centered Reform of the Criminal Justice System.

Upholding the fundamental principle of "ensuring that the guilty are duly punished and the innocent are not subjected to criminal proceedings," the Implementation Opinions particularly emphasizes adherence to the strict administration of law and the concept of adjudication by the law. The Opinions also regulate the admission of evidence to effectively prevent unjust, false, and wrongful cases, require the courts to strictly implement the rules for excluding illegally obtained evidence, improve the procedures for excluding illegally obtained evidence, detail the relevant rules for admitting evidence, and strictly implement the statutory standards of evidence.

2.最高法原则通过关于审理矿业权案件的法律适用问题解释

近日，最高人民法院审判委员会全体会议审议并原则通过了《最高人民法院关于审理矿业权纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的解释》。

《解释》共二十四条，主要规定了矿业权出让、转让、出租、承包、合作、抵押等合同的效力认定、法律后果；无证、越界勘查开采的处理；特殊区域涉矿合同效力的司法审查；涉矿环境公益诉讼等内容。

2.SPC Adopts in Principle Interpretation on Application of Law in the Trial of Mining Right Cases

Recently, the Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Mining Right Dispute Cases was deliberated and adopted in principle at the plenary session of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court.

With a total of 24 articles, the Interpretation mainly involves the identification of the validity and legal consequences of contracts for the transfer by the government, assignment, lease, authorized mining, mining cooperation, and mortgage of mining rights; the handling of unlicensed mining and mining beyond boundary; the judicial review of the validity of contracts for mining in special areas; and environmental public interest cases involving mining.

3.最高法修订发布庭审录音录像有关规定

最高人民法院近日公布修订后的《最高人民法院关于庭审活动录音录像的若干规定》，将自2017年3月1日起施行。

《规定》指出，人民法院开庭审判案件，应当对庭审活动进行全程录音录像。人民法院应当在法庭内配备固定或者移动的录音录像设备。法院将把智能语音识别技术引入庭审记录。通过使用智能语音识别系统同步转换生成的庭审文字记录，经审判人员、书记员、诉讼参与人核对签字后，作为法庭笔录管理和使用。此外，适用简易程序审理民事案件的庭审录音录像，经当事人同意的，可以替代法庭笔录。

3.SPC Issues Revised Provisions on Audio-Visual Recording of Court Trials

Recently, the Supreme People's Court issued the revised Several Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on the Audio-Visual Recording of Court Trials, effective from March 1, 2017.

According to the Provisions, a court should make an audio-visual recording of the whole trial when hearing a case. Fixed or mobile audio-visual recording equipment is required in courtrooms. Intelligent voice recognition technology is introduced for the recording of trials. Real-time trial transcripts generated using intelligent voice recognition technology are managed and used as court transcripts after being checked and signed by judges, clerks, and litigation participants. If the parties agree, audio-visual recordings of civil trials in summary procedure may replace court transcripts.

4.医保支付标准将出台

人社部日前联合卫计委就《关于基本医疗保险药品支付标准制定规则的指导意见（征求意见稿）》，再次向各省厅征求意见。

预计医保支付标准正式稿最迟于3月出台，新版医保药品目录有望同时发布。与此前按比例报销方式不同，其最大亮点在于医保支付标准与医院的药品销售价之间存在的价差允许医院留存。因此，医院有动力压制药品价格。

4.Payment Criteria of Basic Medical Insurance to Be Issued

The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the National Health and Family Planning Commission are jointly requesting comments from provincial departments on the Guiding Opinions on the Rules of Formulating Payment Criteria for Drugs Covered by Basic Medical Insurance (Consultation Paper).

Official payment criteria for basic medical insurance are expected to be issued no later than this March, when the new catalogue of drugs for the basic medical insurance will be released. Unlike previous proportional reimbursement, the most important highlight is that hospitals are permitted to keep the spread between basic medical insurance payments and selling prices of drugs. Hospitals will be motivated to maintain lower drug prices.

5.最高法发布“婚姻法司法解释（二）”第二十四条补充规定

最高人民法院近日发布了《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国婚姻法〉若干问题的解释（二）的补充规定》。

根据这份补充规定，《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国婚姻法〉若干问题的解释（二）》第二十四条新增两款，分别规定：夫妻一方与第三人串通，虚构债务，第三人主张权利的，人民法院不予支持；夫妻一方在从事赌博、吸毒等违法犯罪活动中所负债务，第三人主张权利的，人民法院不予支持。

5.SPC Issues Supplemental Provisions to Article 24 of the Marriage Law Interpretation (II) 

Recently, the Supreme People's Court issued the Supplemental Provisions to the Interpretation (II) of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues concerning the Application of the Marriage Law of the People's Republic of China.

According to the Supplemental Provisions, two paragraphs are added to Article 24 of the Interpretation (II), providing that: if a spouse colludes with a third person to fabricate any debt and the third person files a claim based on such debt, a people’s court should not support the claim; and if a third person files a claim based on a spouse’s debt incurred in illegal or criminal activities such as gambling and drug use, a people’s court should not support the claim.

6.《最高法关于民事执行中财产调查若干问题的规定》发布

最高人民法院近日发布了《最高人民法院关于民事执行中财产调查若干问题的规定》。

为解决当事人敷衍申报，法院处罚不力的问题，《规定》专门规范了对财产报告的调查核实程序；细化了被执行人不履行报告义务的处罚措施，尤其强调法院对不履行报告义务的被执行人应依法实施信用惩戒。

6.SPC Issued Provisions to Regulate Property Investigation during Enforcement in Civil Procedures

Recently, the Supreme People's Court issued the Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Issues concerning Property Investigation during Enforcement in Civil Procedures.

Aimed at resolving issues such as inadequate reporting of property by the parties and ineffective punishment, the Provisions regulate the investigating and verifying procedures for property reporting, detail the measures to punish judgment debtors who fail reporting obligations, and particularly stress the credit discipline of judgment debtors who fail reporting obligations.

7.国务院发布《“十三五”推进基本公共服务均等化规划》

国务院近日公布了《“十三五”推进基本公共服务均等化规划》。

《规划》列出了涵盖公共教育、劳动就业创业、社会保险、医疗卫生、社会服务、住房保障、公共文化体育、残疾人服务等领域的基本公共服务清单，为保障全民基本生存发展需求做出了重要的制度性安排。其中八大亮点尤为引人关注：加大对中西部和民族边远贫困地区的倾斜力度；有就业能力的家庭至少一人就业；实施全民参保计划；推进健康中国建设；“兜底”困难群体；扩大公租房保障范围；基本公共文化服务设施“提档升级”；加快建立残疾人基本福利制度。

7.State Council Releases 13th Five-Year Plan for Promoting Equal Basic Public Services 

Recently, the State Council issued the 13th Five-Year Plan for Promoting Equal Basic Public Services.

The plan lists basic public services covering public education, employment and entrepreneurship, social insurance, medical and health services, social services, housing security, public culture and sports, and special care for persons with disabilities, and makes important institutional arrangements for securing the basic subsistence and development demands of the public. Eight highlights especially draw wide public attention: to provide more support for central and western China and minority, outlying, and poverty-stricken regions; to ensure employment of at least one member of a family with employable members; to implement the universal social security coverage plan; to promote the building of a Healthy China; to “cushion” disadvantaged groups; to expand the coverage of public rental housing; to "upgrade" facilities for basic public cultural services; and to accelerate the establishment of basic welfare system for the disabled.

8.最高检下发《未成年人刑事检察工作指引(试行)》

最高人民检察院近日下发《未成年人刑事检察工作指引（试行）》。

《指引》包括总则、特殊制度落实、讯问未成年犯罪嫌疑人、询问未成年被害人（证人）、审查逮捕、审查起诉六部分内容。《指引》规定，人民检察院未检部门实行捕、诉、监、防一体化工作模式，同一名检察官或者同一个检察官办案组负责同一刑事案件的审查逮捕、审查起诉、诉讼监督和犯罪预防等工作。此外，《指引》就未检工作中的特殊检察制度作出了具体规定，主要包括法律援助、社会调查、法定代理人或合适成年人到场、亲情会见、心理测评与心理疏导、当事人和解、被害人救助以及犯罪记录封存等。

8.SPP Issues Guidelines for Criminal Prosecution Involving Minors 

Recently, the Supreme People's Procuratorate issued the Guidelines for Criminal Prosecution Involving Minors (for Trial Implementation).

The Guidelines include six parts: general provisions, implementation of special rules, questioning of minor suspects who are minors, interview with victims (witnesses) who are minors, examination for arrest, and examination for prosecution. According to the Guidelines, the Criminal Prosecution Office for Minors of a people's procuratorate should adopt an integrated working mode of arrest, prosecution, oversight, and prevention. The examination for arrest, examination for prosecution, litigation oversight, crime prevention, and other work on the same criminal case should be under the charge of the same prosecutor or the same task force of prosecutors. The Guidelines also contain special prosecutorial rules for minors, including legal aid, social investigation, presence of the legal representative or an appropriate adult, meeting with family members, psychological evaluation and guidance, reconciliation of the parties, assistance of victims, and inaccessibility of criminal records.

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