Legislative Updates | 法宝双语新闻

【来源】北大法宝英文译本库

【责任编辑】郝文文

【声明】本文由北大法宝编写，转载请注明来源

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1.关于修改《民诉法》和《行诉法》的决定发布

全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》和《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》的决定经授权发布，自2017年7月1日起施行。

对《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》作出修改。第五十五条增加一款，作为第二款：“人民检察院在履行职责中发现破坏生态环境和资源保护、食品药品安全领域侵害众多消费者合法权益等损害社会公共利益的行为，在没有前款规定的机关和组织或者前款规定的机关和组织不提起诉讼的情况下，可以向人民法院提起诉讼。前款规定的机关或者组织提起诉讼的，人民检察院可以支持起诉。”

对《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》作出修改。第二十五条增加一款，作为第四款：“人民检察院在履行职责中发现生态环境和资源保护、食品药品安全、国有财产保护、国有土地使用权出让等领域负有监督管理职责的行政机关违法行使职权或者不作为，致使国家利益或者社会公共利益受到侵害的，应当向行政机关提出检察建议，督促其依法履行职责。行政机关不依法履行职责的，人民检察院依法向人民法院提起诉讼。

1. Decision Issued to Amend the Civil Procedure Law and the Administrative Litigation Law

The Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress to Amend the Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China and the Administrative Litigation Law of the People's Republic of China was recently issued, effective from July 1, 2017.

The Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China is amended. One paragraph is added to Article 55 as paragraph 2: where the people's procuratorate finds in the performance of its functions any conduct that undermines the protection of environment and resources or infringes upon the vast consumers' lawful rights and interests in the field of food and drug safety or any other conduct that damages the public interest, it may file a lawsuit with the people's court if there is no authority or organization prescribed in the preceding paragraph or the authority or organization prescribed in the preceding paragraph fails to file the lawsuit. If the authority or organization prescribed in the preceding paragraph files the lawsuit, the people's procuratorate may act in support of the lawsuit.

The Administrative Litigation Law of the People's Republic of China is amended. One paragraph is added to Article 25 as paragraph 4: where the people's procuratorate finds in the performance of its functions that any administrative agency charged with the supervision and administration of a field such as the protection of environment and resources, food and drug safety, protection of state-owned property, and assignment of the right to use state-owned land has illegally exercised power or has committed nonfeasance, which infringes upon national or public interest, it shall offer procuratorial recommendations to the administrative agency and prompt it to perform its functions according to the law. If the administrative agency fails to perform its functions according to the law, the people's procuratorate shall file a lawsuit with the people's court according to the law.

2.《关于办理扰乱无线电通讯管理秩序等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》发布

最高法、最高检日前联合下发《关于办理扰乱无线电通讯管理秩序等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》。

《解释》明确了四种“擅自设置、使用无线电台（站），或者擅自使用无线电频率，干扰无线电通讯秩序”的情形。《解释》规定了扰乱无线电通讯管理秩序罪“情节严重”“情节特别严重”的定罪量刑标准。《解释》明确，非法生产、销售“黑广播”“伪基站”、无线电干扰器等无线电设备三套以上或非法经营数额五万元以上，应当认定为非法经营罪“情节严重”。

2. Interpretation Released on Application of Law to Crimes of Disturbing Radio Communications Management

Recently, the Supreme People's Court (SPC) and the Supreme People's Procuratorate (SPP) jointly issued the Interpretation on Several Issues concerning Application of Law in the Handling of Criminal Cases Involving Disruption of the Order of Radio Communications Management.

The Interpretation specifies four circumstances of "disrupting the order of radio communications by establishing or using radio stations without permission or using radio frequency without permission," and provides for the conviction and sentencing criteria for "serious circumstances" and "extraordinarily serious circumstances" of the crime of disturbing the order of radio communications management. According to the Interpretation, the illegal manufacturing or sale of three or more sets of radio equipment such as"illegal broadcasting devices," "pseudo base stations" and radio interference units or such illegal operation generating 50,000 yuan or more in revenue shall be determined as illegal operation with "serious circumstances." 

3.《汽车销售管理办法》发布

近日，商务部发布《汽车销售管理办法》，于7月1日起正式实施。

《办法》包括总则、销售行为规范、销售市场秩序、监督管理、法律责任、附则等6章共37条。其中最大的亮点是从根本上打破了汽车销售品牌授权单一体制，不再强制性要求品牌授权，实行授权和非授权两种模式并行。

《办法》规定：供应商不能要求经销商同时具备销售、售后服务等功能；不能规定整车、配件库存品种或数量，或者规定汽车销售数量；不能限制经营其他供应商商品；不能限制为其他供应商的汽车提供配件及售后服务；不能限定不合理经营面积、建筑结构等行为。

3. Measures for the Administration of Automobile Sales Issued

Recently, the Ministry of Commerce issued the Measures for the Administration of Automobile Sales, effectivefrom July 1.

The Measures include 37 articles in six chapters: General Provisions, Norms for Sales Conduct, Order of the Sales Market, Supervision and Administration, Legal Liability and Supplemental Provisions. Its most important highlight is a fundamental overturn of the unitarily licensed automobile dealership. Brand licensing is no longer mandatory, and both licensed and unlicensed dealers will be permitted.

According to the Measures, suppliers should not require dealers to be engaged in both sales and after-sales services; should not prescribe the types or quantities of automobiles and spare parts in stock, nor the sales volume of automobiles; should not restrict dealers from selling commodities of other suppliers; should not prevent dealers from providing spare parts and after-sales services for automobiles from other suppliers; and should not put unreasonable limitations on the area of premises and building structure.

4.《中华人民共和国国家情报法》发布

近日，《中华人民共和国国家情报法》发布，自2017年6月28日起施行。

《国家情报法》的主要内容为：（一）明确国家情报工作的任务和体制机制；（二）明确国家情报工作机构的职权；（三）明确国家情报工作保障；（四）明确对国家情报工作的规范和监督。

4. China's First National Intelligence Law Issued

Recently, the National Intelligence Law of the People's Republic of China was issued, effective from June 28, 2017. 

The National Intelligence Law is mainly to specify (1) the tasks, system and mechanisms of national intelligence work; (2) the functions of national intelligence agencies; (3) the safeguards for national intelligence work; and (4) the regulation and oversight of national intelligence work.

5.最高检印发司法责任制改革意见

近日，最高人民检察院印发《最高人民检察院机关司法责任制改革实施意见（试行）》，对最高检机关的司法办案和业务运行方式作出新的顶层设计，自2017年10月1日起试行。

《实施意见》共十五条，按照“谁办案谁负责、谁决定谁负责”要求，坚持突出检察官主体地位与检察长领导检察院工作相统一，完善了最高检机关司法办案组织，改革了各类业务运行方式，强化了检察官司法责任，使检察权运行机制更加体现司法属性。

5. SPP Issues Opinions on Reforming the Prosecutorial Accountability System

Recently, the Supreme People's Procuratorate (SPP) issued the Implementation Opinions on Reforming the Prosecutorial Accountability System of Organs of the Supreme People's Procuratorate (for Trial Implementation), rolling out a new top-level design for the modes of case handling and operation of organs of the SPP, effective from October 1, 2017.

In a total of 15 articles, as required by "whoever handles a case or makes a decision is accountable," the Implementation Opinions insist on the unity of the primary status of prosecutors and the leadership of procurator-generals, improve the case handling organization of organs of the SPP, reform the modes of various operations, and strengthen the prosecutorial liabilities of prosecutors, so that prosecutorial attributes are more embodied in the procuratorial power operation mechanisms.

6. 《关于办理刑事案件严格排除非法证据若干问题的规定》发布

最高法、最高检、公安部、国家安全部、司法部近日联合发布《关于办理刑事案件严格排除非法证据若干问题的规定》。

《规定》主要内容为：（一）进一步界定非法取证方式；（二）明确非法取证基础上形成的重复性供述可采性规则；（三）细化审前阶段非法证据排除的程序性规范；（四）规范审判阶段排除非法证据程序；（五）明晰辩方证明标准。 

6. Provisions on Strict Exclusion of Illegally Obtained Evidence in Criminal Cases Issued

Recently, the SupremePeople's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of State Security and the Ministry of Justice jointly issued the Provisions on Issues concerning Strictly Excluding Illegally Obtained Evidence in the Handling of Criminal Cases.

The Provisions require (1) further definition of manners of illegally obtaining evidence; (2) clear rules on admitting repetitive confession formed based on illegally obtained evidence; (3) detailing of procedures for excluding illegally obtained evidence at the pre-trial stage; (4) standardization of procedures for excluding illegally obtained evidence at the trial stage; and (5) specific standard of proof on the part of the defense.

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