ASLA综合设计奖 | 解读遂宁南滨江公园

ASLA 2021获奖项目揭晓

2021年10月，美国景观设计师协会（ASLA）官方公布获奖名单。由陈跃中带领易兰团队设计的遂宁南滨江公园，荣获2021年ASLA专业奖·综合设计类荣誉奖（Honor Award，General Design Winner，ASLA Professional Awards 2021）。正式的颁奖典礼将于2021年11月20日星期六在纳什维尔举行。本项目也于今年5月喜获2021年ULI（城市土地学会）亚太卓越奖殊荣。

美国景观设计师协会（ASLA）成立于1899年，是全球景观行业公认最权威的景观设计大奖。可持续发展一直是ASLA成立以来的重要使命之一。多年来，国内仅有极少数的设计机构获得此项荣誉。ASLA致力于组建代表各个领域专业范围的陪审团，每年的专业评审团对项目的高水准评审，也决定了ASLA极高的业界声望。

遂宁南滨江公园

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Suining South Riverfront Park

"ASLA 推荐语"

"In the burgeoning Suining City in China’s Sichuan Province, infrastructural preparation for urban growth along the Fujian River had left behind an unwelcoming concrete bulkhead and degraded local ecology, conditions which this new riverfront park attempts to correct by converting the bleak existing levee into a verdant platform that fosters engagement with the river edge through terraced connections to the city beyond. Within the potential flood zone, a resilient wetland pond system filters river water and reintroduces native riparian plants along a landscaped edge designed to withstand full submersion. An elevated canopy walk provides visitors with views over the stormwater filtration ponds, facilitating connection with nature at the urban edge."

——2021 Awards Jury

项目信息Project Information项目地点：四川省遂宁市项目面积：130万平方米规划设计：易兰规划设计院ECOLAND景观设计：易兰规划设计院ECOLAND & 四川省建筑设计研究院有限公司建筑设计：易兰规划设计院ECOLAND委托单位：遂宁经济技术开发区管理委员会建设单位：遂宁开鸿建设开发有限公司施工单位：中冶交通建设集团有限公司

项目概述

△城市段鸟瞰©Arch-Exist Photography遂宁是一座生态花园城市，拥有优越的自然禀赋，市域范围内坐落着湿地生态公园、国家地质公园、文化古镇。遂宁地处成渝经济圈的腹心，人口、经济和产业不断发展，对四川发展起到引领和带动作用。市政府希望通过滨江南路景观带的打造，为遂宁增加一个美丽的城市名片，为市民增加一处喜闻乐见的滨水休闲场所。公园的打造是基于其中城市活力段的规划进行设计的。易兰的方案根据不同人群的活动需求，为市民提供了一个高参与性的滨江绿带公园。
This project transformed a 2-mile long ecologically and socially lifeless shorelinebelt into a verdant, sustainable riverfront park by integrating ecological infrastructure, phytoremediation, urban-weaving and resilient strategies. Amuch closer water to human relationship is introduced by concealing an existing bulkhead structure beneath stylized terraces of landscape inspired by Asian culture,drawing city dwellers and urban visitors towards the forgotten natural beauty of the Fujiang River. The gray hydraulic dam in the outer edge of the city is transformed into a desirable riverfront destination.

△城市口袋公园 

△湿地段鸟瞰 ©Moooy Photography

△城市段 - 滨江挑台 ©Moooy Photography 

项目重建了城市与河流之间联系，同时创造了一个充满活力和生命力的公共服务空间。完成后的滨江公园已成为联系城市的纽带，对接整个城市的绿色廊道和活动空间。

设计理念

1.弹性策略与生态工程战略

1.Resilient Strategy & Ecological Engineering Strategy

该项目最初是被一条宽阔的滨江道路与相邻社区隔离开来的场地，而该场地几乎不被该城市的人们所用，只是城市防洪建设。设计团队说服水利工程团队采用不同的方法来重新组织河流与人的关系，与普通的将河流与绿地，人与城市分隔开来的工程防洪方法形成鲜明对比。

Before the landscape architects were commissioned to design the 117-acre park in mid-2017, the local government had been installing riverfront hydraulic engineering structures covering two-thirds of the length of the riverbank in an unappealing concrete bulkhead that was an eye-sore to the community. Being that the structure was required to remain in the park to prevent flooding, it was imperative for the design team to find creative solutions for dealing with this major obstacle between the city and the river. Repairing the ecological degradation to the river caused by the construction of the bulkhead was also paramount.

场地原有大堤紧贴滨水岸线，生硬呆板、类型单一；城市界面缺乏休憩停留空间，缺少与滨水空间联系。为了恢复河滨活力并创建可行的休闲绿地，而不是在不与城市进行任何对话的情况下创建独立的绿化带，设计团队制定了复杂的城市组织策略以整合城市公共空间。

The combined design team consultants successfully persuaded the local government to integrate the ongoing hydraulic engineering construction with the forthcoming park design project. Through a concept of concealing the bulkhead beneath landscape terraces, the design objective is set up to combine multiple functions, including riparian ecological systems, urban storm-water management, green infrastructure, public recreation, and environmental education in the same riverfront area. The ultimate solution became the "Floating Greenway" infrastructure belt. The "Floating Greenway" infrastructure artfully integrates all the desired functions by weaving together a series of design strategies.

©Arch-Exist Photography

在生态湿地段设置了一个复杂的河岸湿地泻湖系统，采取了一种生物工程技术来掩盖现有的液压基础设施。单一的硬混凝土河岸由再生生态系统和综合娱乐系统覆盖，将安全、生态、美丽和城市娱乐无缝地结合在一起。

△全新滨河景观 ©Arch-Exist Photography

 ©Moooy Photography

A network of walkways softly integrates into the pond system, allowing visitors to immerse themselves amidst the wetland to observe and appreciate nature. Viewing towers and platforms lend panoramic views of the surroundings within the regenerated riparian ecosystem.

The recreation walkway belt, above the stormwater filtrating wetland, links the scattered barrier islands bringing people closer to the refreshing natural scenery. The Elevated Canopy Walks allow visitors to have an above-the-wetland and in-the-canopy experience, enveloping them in picturesque nature.

Cut from the excavated ponds is used as fill to create a barrier of islands acting as a landscape buffer, transition zone, and a vibrant storm water filtrating system connecting the river and the city.

2.生态湿地水体净化

2.Ecological wetland water purification

该段湿地现状有1100米栈道，且因防洪需求不能放置过多构筑物。方案重新梳理现状，在保留原有湿地浮岛结构、原有650米栈道基础的前提下，增加栈道平台、眺望亭综合整治激活场地。

植物修复

Phytoremediation

通过将本土湿地植物引入到河流上游较宽流域的河滨湿地泻湖中，形成了水生植物修复系统，一方面通过河岸种植创造出一个绿色缓冲带，减轻河流对河岸的侵蚀，另一方面将已经处理过的城市径流再次净化，排入涪江。在湿地、池塘、岛屿的错综复杂的生态系统中重建了本土物种，并为野生动物提供良好的栖息地。

By introducing native wetland plants into aseries of riverside wetland lagoons at the wider, upper flow area of the river, a water phytoremediation system was formed. It is entirely constructed ofnature, created to clean the already treated urban run-off before it is discharged into the Fujiang River. A minimal cut-and-fill approach was used tocreate an outer ring of islands and ponds. Cut from theexcavated ponds is used as fill to create a barrier of islands acting as alandscape buffer, transition zone, and a vibrant storm water filtrating system connecting the river and the city. Waterflows through the wetland lagoons to be filtered by the plants before beingused to encompass various park destinations with ecologically sound waterfeatures for people to enjoy. 

 ©Arch-Exist Photography

利用了原有的低洼坑塘，调蓄水位，保留原生湿地结构，以最少的人为干预，实现低成本的修复模式。疏通坑塘水系，增强河流景观的蓄洪调水功能。形成水生植物茂密，鱼鸟尽欢的湿地公园。

The re-establishment of native species within an intricate system of wetlands, ponds, islands and riparian habitats in a previously barren terrain contributed to an overall reacclimatizing of the riverfront that welcomes the return of native wildlife, cementing this project as a pilot for resilient green shores infrastructure initiatives.

△湿地水杉林鸟瞰实景 ©Arch-Exist Photography

△景观亭 ©Arch-Exist Photography

△掩映在丛林中的眺望亭 ©Arch-Exist Photography

休闲设施根据不同水位的涨落情况进行合理布局。利用架空栈道及廊架休闲设施，为人们提供丰富有趣的自然体验，成为人们放飞自我、接触自然的好去处。

A “floating pavilion”, with cypress trees buffering the northwest wind, creates a pleasant destination space for meditation or river overlook view points, allowing people to experience the feeling of being immersed in nature. 

△弹性河岸湿地泻湖系统 ©Arch-Exist Photography

 ©Arch-Exist Photography

 ©Moooy Photography

 ©Moooy Photography

方案保留和利用坑塘中原有廊道及拆迁构筑物的基础，修建湿地游憩栈道和观景廊架，为市民提供怡人的亲水休闲体验。此外，方案十分关注栈道系统与周边地块的联系，将周边商务区与居民区的步行道延伸到湿地栈道系统中，形成该片区的环状慢行网络，并与公交站点以及水上交通节点轮渡口接驳。

3.城市组织

3.Urban Weaving

△绿色慢行网络 ©Arch-Exist Photography

△树池座椅 ©Arch-Exist Photography

方案对原有的大树予以保留并围绕它们进行设计，或利用座椅环绕大树形成别具风情的林下休闲点，或将时尚新颖的廊架穿插掩映于树冠之间，相得益彰。方案在尊重原有河岸及河堤路的基础上，增加了贯穿整个河岸线的慢行系统、健身步道及配套休闲设施。着重打造了滨水休闲界面和滨江路城市景观界面。在与涪江相接的滨水界面上设置了码头、滨水广场，挑出水面的观景台、休闲廊架以及适合各个年龄段的市民休闲活动设施。与城市相连接的城市界面，则通过小型开放广场、台地地形塑造、汽车停靠站以及沿街绿化等的重新梳理，打造清新怡人的街景空间将城市环境与滨水公园无缝连接，把市民自然地引入公园环境中，为市民提供了一个高参与性的滨江绿带公园。

Originally cut off from the adjacent community by a broad riverside city road, the project's site was almost abandoned by the city’s inhabitants. To restore the riverfront and create a viable recreational green space, a complicated urban weaving strategy was established to integrate the urban public space rather than create an independent green belt without any dialogue with the city. 

△景观挑台 ©Moooy Photography

△健身步道 ©Arch-Exist Photography

△改造后的堤岸 ©Arch-Exist PhotographyThe generous pedestrian walk, integrated with a series of open spaces, creates an elegant grand terrace embracing the expansive view of Fujiang River, Shengping Island, and the East Mountain, making it one of the most-visited destinations in the park.

 ©Moooy Photography

△林下休憩空间 ©Arch-Exist Photography△灯光设计与夜生活 ©Arch-Exist Photography

A “floating reflection river” is created along the urban portion of the riverfront park, brings the river back to the people. Integrated lighting design illuminates the riverfront park, rendering a warm atmosphere, filling the nightlife with vigor and romance.

 ©Moooy Photography

©Arch-Exist Photography

方案关注项目在整个城市片区中的定位及其功能联系，将滨江公园打造成整个城市慢行网络的核心区域，重点处理其与周边路口的街道接驳点，使其成为多个慢行圈的交叉点。

The key objective to the urban weaving strategy was to collect and distribute people seamlessly through the park to enjoy the verdant river views and pleasing riparian open spaces, connecting the riverfront back to the city.  

4.雨水管理

4.Stormwater Management

这个设计把整个步行街组织成为一个雨水管理的展示花园，收集和利用降水径流，把自然生态的理念与精致的设计细节有机结合为一体。方案尽量保留场地上原有的树木和可利用的铺装，减少浪费，摒弃高投入的建造模式。秉持低影响开发的理念，在沿城市界面的河堤反坡上，因势利导地利用原有地形塑造富于观赏性的台地花园。梯台景观与路径上的台阶精致地组合一体令人耳目一新。

雨水收集与利用Rainwater collection and utilization

 ©Arch-Exist Photography

△城市段 - 雨水台地系统 ©Moooy Photography

 ©Moooy Photography

在防洪堤上建立的公园部分比街道高出2米。为了在防洪堤的两侧收集、过滤和保留地表径流，设计了一系列精巧的雨水管理系统。创建的梯田绿色景观，用以捕获和过滤从公园顶部的人行道收集的径流，过滤后的水由梯田引导至较低的滞留系统，释放到灌溉系统和景观用水设施中，沿途利用叠落水口造景并通过在人行道铺装上设计精巧的细沟，把过剩的雨水导流进街边绿化带中。

A series of richly planted bio-swales was created for the purposes of catching, filtering, and retaining urban runoff water on each side of the bulkhead to release cleaned water to the irrigation system and landscape water amenities. A terraced green landscape creates a resilient feature to catch and filter the run-off collected from the pedestrian pathways at the top of the park's topography. The filtered water is conducted by the terraces to a lower detaining, and retaining system. 

结语

项目一期落地，展现出设计团队用现代手法演绎自然环境与人文传统的理念追求，实现了政府和市民所期望的“城市客厅、游憩中心、生态腹地”的环境目标，为遂宁的市民提供了一处理想的休闲去处。

Facing the challenge of ecological degradation and loss of urban vitality due to nationwide government-led flood-control-oriented hydraulic engineering riverfront dam construction, this park establishes a model for integrating civic park design into urban flood protection. Along the edge of Fujiang River in southern Suining City of China, where once an unsightly concrete bulkhead met the water, emerges a carefully regenerated biodiversity park within a living shoreline. 

©Arch-Exist Photography

©Moooy Photography 

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