我在海外说：中国的外交策略真的改变了吗？

最近十来年来，由于互联网社交媒体平台的发展，以前被认为低调的中国外交官们，似乎开始展示了一种强硬姿态。

国内和海外的一些开始发出疑问，中国的外交策略真的改变的吗？

我的回答是，基本策略原则没有任何变化，技术层面有一定调整

这是一个海外的问题：What is the core of China’s foreign policy, and what do you think about it?

翻译成中文意思是：中国外交政策的核心是什么，你怎么看？

实际上原提问者是在问变化问题。

我的回答如下：

The core of China's foreign policy, which has not changed since 1949, is to serve around the need for China to be strong. I have seen answers to the claim that China's foreign policy is divided into several stages, and I am sorry to say that I have asked Chinese scholars of international issues and they have all said that they have never heard of such a claim.

The core of China's diplomacy has remained the same for 70 years, with a few adjustments in some executive level policies.

1. Stabilising China's neighbourhood and creating a good opportunity for China's development

2、Strengthening communication and making the world understand China's development

3. Through foreign aid, to win the support of other small and medium-sized countries in the world for China in terms of policy.

Some people say that China is now very tough with the West and that this is a so-called "strategic counter-attack", so I am curious to ask, is the Korean War in the 1950s considered tough?

China's relationship with the US has not yet reached a state of military war, has it?

For 70 years, China has put forward a diplomatic principle, the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.

The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence were first formally put forward to the international community in 1953 by Zhou Enlai, then Premier of the Central People's Government's Council of Government, when he met with a delegation from the Indian government, with which China had a territorial dispute. The specific contents are

mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity

non-aggression towards each other

non-interference in each other's internal affairs

equality and mutual benefit

peaceful coexistence

The Five Principles were later amended by replacing "equality and reciprocity" with "equality and mutual benefit" and "mutual respect for territorial sovereignty" with "mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity", i.e. "mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, non-aggression, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence".

In April 1955, Indonesia held the Bandung Conference in Bandung, which was attended by 29 countries and regions, and issued the Declaration on the Promotion of World Peace and Cooperation, which included all of these five principles.

In 1957, Mao Zedong, then Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and President of China, declared in Moscow that "China firmly advocates the implementation of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence by all countries".

In 1974, Chinese Vice-Premier Deng Xiaoping again stressed at the UNGASS that political and economic relations between countries "should be based on the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence".

In 1988, Deng Xiaoping, Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China (CPC), put forward the idea of establishing a new international political and economic order based on the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.

The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence have also been affirmed in many international multilateral treaties and documents, including the Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, adopted by the 25th session of the United Nations General Assembly in 1970, and the Declaration on the Establishment of a New International Economic Order, adopted by the 6th Special Session of the General Assembly in 1974, which explicitly included the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.

China claims that in its relations with all countries, including socialist countries, it has "consistently adhered to the five principles of peaceful coexistence and, on the basis of these principles, has established and developed friendly and cooperative relations with many countries" and that "over the decades, the five principles of peaceful coexistence have withstood the test of international Over the decades, the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence have withstood the test of international changes and have shown great vitality and played a great role in promoting world peace and international friendship and cooperation. China is not only an advocate of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, but also a faithful adherent to them. On the basis of these five principles, China has resolved historical border issues with the vast majority of its neighbours and has established diplomatic relations with most countries in the world".

Although a few countries, such as India and Vietnam, have different views on China's "peace policy".

But I think we all acknowledge the fact that China does not send troops around the world and bomb other countries as often as the US and Europe do, right?

As for the recent talks in Alaska, the world was surprised by the toughness shown by Chinese diplomats.

In fact, if you look back at Chinese history, you will see that Chinese diplomats have been like this for 70 years. It's just that it's not reported in the media.

And this time in Alaska, because of a miscalculation by the United States, the tough side of Chinese diplomats was shown to the world. The previous toughness was just not captured by the media and then scandalously reported by the Western media after the meeting.

The West says that China used to bide its time and now it is a war wolf diplomacy, so what is the situation from the Korean War, to the Sino-Indian conflict, the Sino-Soviet conflict on Jumbo Island and the Sino-Vietnamese war. Were these all bushwhacking?

On the contrary, China has not had any foreign war conflicts in the last 40 years. Has it actually turned into war-wolf diplomacy?

This is a joke.

We engage in war, you say we are biding our time.

We avoid war, and you say we are war-wolf diplomacy?

Is this just like Europe and America?

The US and Europe bomb around the world and are said to be keeping the peace.

China doesn't run around the world killing people and is said to be a threat to peace.

So those who think that China's foreign policy principles have been adjusted are those who lack understanding of Chinese diplomacy.

Have you not noticed the sequence of events?

Because the West, and the US in particular, kept putting pressure on China before China made a counter-attack, and so it appeared to be more assertive?

If the US had not constantly sent aircraft carriers into Chinese territorial waters, China would not have been so eager to develop its navy. Of course the western media narrative is that China keeps developing its military power so the US has to come and maintain the balance. And China is trying to break that balance again.

Of course Chinese diplomacy has made some adjustments, on a technical level. For example, the previous diplomatic centre of political focus and economic support has become a diplomatic model of economic construction and political support.

China has abandoned its previous practice of foreign aid that was divorced from its own economic strength. But as China's economy develops, the total amount of Chinese foreign economic aid is still increasing.

To sum up, in layman's terms, the core principles of China's diplomacy are.

I try to do our own thing

Let other people's affairs be settled by their own families.

Peaceful engagement is a prerequisite.

So you should understand why China has adopted its present attitude towards the situation in Burma. China's diplomatic principles are clear.

How the Burmese military and the NLD make trouble is your own business, the Burmese.

We are opposed to the use of force by both of you, but even if there is a civil war that is a matter for your own family. (In fact, in recent decades, there has been no end to civil war between the Tatmadaw and the NLD within Burma)

China is opposed to any intervention from outside forces, especially military intervention.

中国外交政策的核心，从1949年以来就没有改变过，就是围绕中国强大的需要来服务。对于中国外交政策分为几个阶段的说法，我看到过答案，很遗憾，我问过中国的国际问题学者，他们都说没有听说过这样的说法。

70年来，中国外交的核心没有变，只是在一些技术层面的政策上做了一些调整。

1. 稳定中国周边局势，为中国发展创造良机

2、加强沟通，让世界了解中国的发展。

3. 通过对外援助，在政策上为中国赢得世界其他中小国家的支持。

有人说中国现在对西方很强硬，这就是所谓的 "战略反击"，我很想问，50年代的朝鲜战争算不算强硬？

中国与美国的关系还没有达到军事战争的状态吧？

70年来，中国提出了一个外交原则，即和平共处五项原则。

1953年，时任中央人民政府政务院总理的周恩来在会见与中国有领土争端的印度政府代表团时，首次向国际社会正式提出了和平共处五项原则。具体内容是

相互尊重主权和领土完整；

互不侵犯

互不干涉内政

平等互利

和平共处

后来对 "五项原则 "进行了修改，将 "平等互惠 "改为 "平等互利"，将 "相互尊重领土主权 "改为 "相互尊重主权和领土完整"，即 "相互尊重主权和领土完整，互不侵犯，互不干涉内政，平等互利，和平共处"。

1955年4月，印度尼西亚在万隆召开了有29个国家和地区参加的万隆会议，发表了《关于促进世界和平与合作的宣言》，上述五项原则全部包括在内。

1957年，时任中共中央主席、中国国家主席的毛泽东在莫斯科宣布："中国坚决主张各国实行和平共处五项原则"。

1974年，中国国务院副总理邓小平在联大特别会议上再次强调，国家间的政治、经济关系 "要以和平共处五项原则为基础"。

1988年，中共中央军委主席邓小平提出了建立以和平共处五项原则为基础的国际政治经济新秩序的主张。

和平共处五项原则也在许多国际多边条约和文件中得到确认，包括1970年联合国大会第二十五届会议通过的《关于各国依联合国宪章建立友好关系和合作的国际法原则宣言》和1974年联合国大会第六届特别会议通过的《建立国际经济新秩序宣言》，都明确将和平共处五项原则写入其中。

中国声称，在与包括社会主义国家在内的所有国家的关系中，中国 "始终坚持和平共处五项原则，并在此基础上与许多国家建立和发展了友好合作关系"，"几十年来，和平共处五项原则经受住了国际形势变化的考验"。中国不仅是和平共处五项原则的倡导者，也是和平共处五项原则的忠实拥护者。在这五项原则的基础上，中国与绝大多数邻国解决了历史上的边界问题，并与世界上大多数国家建立了外交关系"。

虽然印度、越南等少数国家对中国的 "和平政策 "有不同看法。

但我想大家都承认一个事实，那就是中国并没有像美欧那样经常派兵到世界各地轰炸其他国家，对吧？

至于最近的阿拉斯加会谈，中国外交官所表现出的强硬态度让世界惊讶。

其实，如果你回顾一下中国的历史，就会发现，中国外交官70年来都是这样的。只是媒体没有报道而已。

而这次在阿拉斯加，因为美国的误判，中国外交官强硬的一面展现在世界面前。只是之前的强硬没有被媒体捕捉到，会后又被西方媒体丑化报道。

西方说中国以前是韬光养晦，现在是战狼外交，那么从朝鲜战争，到中印冲突，中苏珍宝岛冲突，中越战争是什么情况。这些都是韬光养晦的吗？

恰恰相反，中国近40年来没有发生过对外战争冲突。难道真的变成了战狼外交？

这是一个笑话。

我们参与战争，你说我们在等待时机。

我们避战，你说我们是战狼外交？

这跟欧美一样吗？

美国和欧洲在世界各地轰炸，据说是在维护和平。

中国不（像美国那样）满世界杀人，被说成是威胁和平。

所以那些认为中国外交政策原则调整的人，是对中国外交缺乏了解。

你没有注意到事件的顺序吗？

因为西方特别是美国不断向中国施压，中国才做出反击，所以显得比较强硬？

如果不是美国不断派航母进入中国领海，中国也不会如此急于发展海军。当然西方媒体的说法是，中国不断发展军力，所以美国必须来维持平衡。而中国又想打破这种平衡。

当然中国的外交也做了一些调整，在技术层面。比如说以前以政治为中心、以经济为支撑的外交中心，现在变成了以经济建设为中心、以政治为支撑的外交模式。

中国放弃了以往脱离自身经济实力的对外援助做法。但随着中国经济的发展，中国对外经济援助的总量还在不断增加。

总结起来，通俗地讲，中国外交的核心原则就是。

我努力做好我们自己的事情

别人的事情让自己家解决。

和平交往是前提。

所以你们应该理解中国为什么对缅甸局势采取现在的态度。中国的外交原则很明确。

缅甸军方和民盟怎么闹是你们缅甸人自己的事。

我们反对你们双方使用武力，但即使发生内战那也是你们自己家的事。(事实上，近几十年来，缅甸国内缅军和民盟的内战一直没有结束)

中国反对任何外部势力的干预，特别是军事干预。

徽剑评：

最近些年来，以美国为首的西方，加紧了对中国的挑衅和施压，试图将中国逼迫上他们希望的道路。于是中国外交官们在外交场合开始了还击。加上现在网络社交媒体高度发达，不像以前都是单向网络媒体，这样的情况下，中国外交官的强硬一面被不断曝光，于是很多人认为中国外交开始变得非常强硬。甚至国内某些亲美人士还在那里说，这是“战狼”外交。

其实，这完全是一种误解。

中国现在再怎么强硬，都有一个核心原则，就是大力发展经济，尽可能避免战争。一切围绕以经济建设为中心。

对比下上个世纪五六十年代，中国外交其实“软弱”了很多。

之前很长一段时间，有人以为中国外交多么软弱，其实那是因为当时的媒体都是有选择的宣传，特别是西方媒体又在不断丑化中国外交部门。于是大家看到的似乎是一个软弱的外交部门。

实际上，中国外交官们从来没有在中国的核心利益上让步过！从来没有在底线上退让过。

曾经一度被人误解的“大让步”的加入世界贸易组织协议，今天回头看看，中国占了大便宜。

那么为什么在今天又会给大家展现出来“强硬”呢？

其实这还是媒体宣传的问题，拿这次轰动世界的阿拉斯加会谈来说吧。按照正常会谈，中美两国外交人员面见记者，先发表礼节性会谈，然后关起门来协商。

关门后的会谈，大众是不知道的。

关门前的发言，原本是礼节性的。

结果是，没有对华经验的美国外交官，把原本礼节性的发言，变成了攻击中国的表演，再然后就遭到了中国外交官的打脸。

大家仔细去看看，所谓中国的“战狼”行为，都是面对西方造谣，中国外交官们忍无可忍地反驳而已。

之前中国实力没有发展起来，西方没有那么主要地针对中国，所以这种冲突就不明显，但是当现在西方主要针对中国后，这种冲突就日常化了。

看看美国前国务卿蓬佩奥，2020年一半的时间都在围绕中国而奔跑，我在海外给蓬佩奥取了个绰号“Commissioner for China at the US Department of State”（美国国务院中国事务专员）

有人问：你觉得现在和未来一段时间，中美关系会怎么样？我说，如果没有特殊事情发生，中美关系不会变好，但是也不会继续变坏。

1、美国想遏制中国，但是不敢完全断链，因为那样对于美国的打击也会非常大。特朗普都没敢干的事情，拜登更不会。

2、拜登是技术官僚出身，不像特朗普那样把国际政治当企业贸易来打牌。这就决定了拜登不会像特朗普那样采取大范围的极端措施。

3、因为拜登是技术官僚，那么他会把所谓民意看的非常重，政治表演就会是他的家常便饭，阿拉斯加就是个例子。

所以中国未来会面对一个“不断向美国国民表演对华强硬的戏剧班子”。

我们中国的的原则应该是“广积粮，高筑墙，不称王”。

继续大力发展经济（有钱才是王道），同步强化军事力量（防止美国的冒险），国际问题上不要当头（不结盟原则）。

任尔东西南北风,我自岿然不动。

往期推荐

我自己这边在海外的多个平台、多个外语自媒体（目前使用英语、日语、法语、西班牙语）等每月阅读已经超过1000万次，向2000万迈进。最近要推出一个中国文化系列视频系列，介绍汉服、茶叶、功夫、戏曲、餐饮等等。美女模特已经找好，即将正式在海外和国内同时推出，也欢迎有视频素材资源的朋友们合作。本公众号合作请联系[e-mail]

目前我们正在建设一个面向中国，让中国人看世界的小平台，感兴趣的可以看今天推送的另外一篇文章。

我们这边的资源

1、跟海外多个互联网舆情平台、广告平台、一些新闻媒体等有合作关系，可以帮助企业预警、推广等。

2、在海外有一定的人脉资源，少数国家可以可以找到高层。可以启动一些落地合作。包括一些项目合作。

3、我们对部分国家有较深入了解，比如东南亚、南亚、欧美，可以提供咨询等。

4、我们团队有近20种语言的互译等使用能力（英语、德语、法语、西班牙语、葡萄牙语、意大利语、荷兰语、波兰语、俄语、日语。还有东南亚的语言如越语、高棉语、老挝语、泰语、缅甸语、马来语、印尼语等）

具体能做啥，你们自己想吧，合适的都可以！