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深入 Spring Boot : 快速集成 Dubbo + Hystrix

ImportNew 2019-10-02

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来源:hengyunabc ,

blog.csdn.net/hengyunabc/article/details/80693118


背景


Hystrix 旨在通过控制那些访问远程系统、服务和第三方库的节点,从而对延迟和故障提供更强大的容错能力。Hystrix具备拥有回退机制和断路器功能的线程和信号隔离,请求缓存和请求打包,以及监控和配置等功能。


Dubbo是Alibaba开源的,目前国内最流行的java rpc框架。


本文介绍在spring应用里,怎么把Dubbo和Hystrix结合起来使用。


  • https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix

  • https://github.com/apache/incubator-dubbo


Spring Boot应用


Demo地址:https://github.com/dubbo/dubbo-samples/tree/master/dubbo-samples-spring-boot-hystrix


生成dubbo集成spring boot的应用


对于不熟悉dubbo 集成spring boot应用的同学,可以在这里直接生成dubbo + spring boot的工程: http://start.dubbo.io/


配置spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix


spring boot官方提供了对hystrix的集成,直接在pom.xml里加入依赖:


<dependency>

    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>

    <version>1.4.4.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>


然后在Application类上增加@EnableHystrix来启用hystrix starter:


@SpringBootApplication

@EnableHystrix

public class ProviderApplication {


配置Provider端


在Dubbo的Provider上增加@HystrixCommand配置,这样子调用就会经过Hystrix代理。


@Service(version = "1.0.0")

public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {

    @HystrixCommand(commandProperties = {

                    @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold", value = "10"),

                    @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "2000") })

    @Override

    public String sayHello(String name) {

        // System.out.println("async provider received: " + name);

        // return "annotation: hello, " + name;

        throw new RuntimeException("Exception to show hystrix enabled.");

    }

}


配置Consumer端


对于Consumer端,则可以增加一层method调用,并在method上配置@HystrixCommand。当调用出错时,会走到fallbackMethod = "reliable"的调用里。


@Reference(version = "1.0.0")

private HelloService demoService;

 

@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "reliable")

public String doSayHello(String name) {

    return demoService.sayHello(name);

}

public String reliable(String name) {

    return "hystrix fallback value";

}


通过上面的配置,很简单地就完成了Spring Boot里Dubbo + Hystrix的集成。


传统Spring Annotation应用


Demo地址:https://github.com/dubbo/dubbo-samples/tree/master/dubbo-samples-spring-hystrix


传统spring annotation应用的配置其实也很简单,和spring boot应用不同的是:


  1. 显式配置Spring AOP支持:@EnableAspectJAutoProxy

  2. 显式通过@Configuration配置HystrixCommandAspect Bean。


@Configuration

@EnableDubbo(scanBasePackages = "com.alibaba.dubbo.samples.annotation.action")

@PropertySource("classpath:/spring/dubbo-consumer.properties")

@ComponentScan(value = {"com.alibaba.dubbo.samples.annotation.action"})

@EnableAspectJAutoProxy

static public class ConsumerConfiguration {

 

    @Bean

    public HystrixCommandAspect hystrixCommandAspect() {

        return new HystrixCommandAspect();

    }

}

 

Hystrix集成Spring AOP原理


在上面的例子里可以看到,Hystrix对Spring的集成是通过Spring AOP来实现的。下面简单分析下实现。


@Aspect

public class HystrixCommandAspect {

    @Pointcut("@annotation(com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand)")

    public void hystrixCommandAnnotationPointcut() {

    }

    @Pointcut("@annotation(com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCollapser)")

    public void hystrixCollapserAnnotationPointcut() {

    }

 

    @Around("hystrixCommandAnnotationPointcut() || hystrixCollapserAnnotationPointcut()")

    public Object methodsAnnotatedWithHystrixCommand(final ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {

        Method method = getMethodFromTarget(joinPoint);

        Validate.notNull(method, "failed to get method from joinPoint: %s", joinPoint);

        if (method.isAnnotationPresent(HystrixCommand.class) && method.isAnnotationPresent(HystrixCollapser.class)) {

            throw new IllegalStateException("method cannot be annotated with HystrixCommand and HystrixCollapser " +

                    "annotations at the same time");

        }

        MetaHolderFactory metaHolderFactory = META_HOLDER_FACTORY_MAP.get(HystrixPointcutType.of(method));

        MetaHolder metaHolder = metaHolderFactory.create(joinPoint);

        HystrixInvokable invokable = HystrixCommandFactory.getInstance().create(metaHolder);

        ExecutionType executionType = metaHolder.isCollapserAnnotationPresent() ?

                metaHolder.getCollapserExecutionType() : metaHolder.getExecutionType();

 

        Object result;

        try {

            if (!metaHolder.isObservable()) {

                result = CommandExecutor.execute(invokable, executionType, metaHolder);

            } else {

                result = executeObservable(invokable, executionType, metaHolder);

            }

        } catch (HystrixBadRequestException e) {

            throw e.getCause() != null ? e.getCause() : e;

        } catch (HystrixRuntimeException e) {

            throw hystrixRuntimeExceptionToThrowable(metaHolder, e);

        }

        return result;

    }


  1. HystrixCommandAspect里定义了两个注解的AspectJ Pointcut:@HystrixCommand, @HystrixCollapser。所有带这两个注解的spring bean都会经过AOP处理

  2. 在@Around AOP处理函数里,可以看到Hystrix会创建出HystrixInvokable,再通过CommandExecutor来执行


spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix的代码分析


1. @EnableHystrix 引入了@EnableCircuitBreaker,@EnableCircuitBreaker引入了EnableCircuitBreakerImportSelector


@EnableCircuitBreaker

public @interface EnableHystrix {

}

 

@Import(EnableCircuitBreakerImportSelector.class)

public @interface EnableCircuitBreaker {

}


2. EnableCircuitBreakerImportSelector继承了SpringFactoryImportSelector<EnableCircuitBreaker>,使spring加载META-INF/spring.factories里的EnableCircuitBreaker声明的配置在META-INF/spring.factories里可以找到下面的配置,也就是引入了HystrixCircuitBreakerConfiguration。


org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker=\

org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCircuitBreakerConfiguration


3. 在HystrixCircuitBreakerConfiguration里可以发现创建了HystrixCommandAspect


@Configuration

public class HystrixCircuitBreakerConfiguration {

 

    @Bean

    public HystrixCommandAspect hystrixCommandAspect() {

        return new HystrixCommandAspect();

    }


可见spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix实际上也是创建了HystrixCommandAspect来集成Hystrix。


另外spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix里还有metrics, health, dashboard等集成。


总结


  1. 对于dubbo provider的@Service是一个spring bean,直接在上面配置@HystrixCommand即可

  2. 对于dubbo consumer的@Reference,可以通过加一层简单的spring method包装,配置@HystrixCommand即可

  3. Hystrix本身提供HystrixCommandAspect来集成Spring AOP,配置了@HystrixCommand和@HystrixCollapser的spring method都会被Hystrix处理


链接


  • https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix

  • https://github.com/apache/incubator-dubbo

  • http://start.dubbo.io/

  • https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-netflix/single/spring-cloud-netflix.html#_circuit_breaker_hystrix_clients


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