转基因蚊可能增加其他疾病携带蚊数量
Joint PR: Court Documents Reveal Oxitec's Genetically Engineered Mosquitoes Could Cause Increased Numbers of Different Disease-Carrying Mosquitoes
联合公关:法庭文件揭示Oxitec转基因蚊可能增加其他疾病携带蚊数量
29th September 2016 by GeneWatch
2016年9月29日《基因观察》发布
Contact/联系人:Jaydee Hanson; ,
参考资料 信息来源: 50 U.S. Code § 1520a - Restrictions on use of human subjects for testing of chemical or biological agents 美国法规50 U.S. Code § 1520a -- 对人体上测试化学或生物制剂的限制 英中文对照版: |
WASHINGTON- Genetically engineered (GE) mosquito company Oxitec has admitted a major risk of its technology - reducing one mosquito species may increase the numbers of a second disease-carrying species.
【华盛顿消息】转基因蚊公司Oxitec承认了其技术的一个主要风险 -- 减少某种品种蚊子可能增加其他疾病携带蚊子品种的数量。
The information surfaced today when four environment and food safety groups including International Center for Technology Assessment, GeneWatch UK, Food and Water Watch and Friends of the Earth released court documents from the Cayman Islands.
今天,《技术评估国际中心》、《基因观察》、《食物与水观察》与《地球之友》四家环境与食品安全组织公布了来自开曼群岛的法庭文件揭示这种风险。
Oxitec, a subsidiary of Intrexon, applied for trial releases of its GE mosquito, which, according to the new information, would be .
Oxitec公司,Intrexon的子公司,申请释放其转基因蚊,它们,依据这些新的信息,存在不足与风险性。
Oxitec previously denied that releasing millions of GE Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, with the aim of suppressing wild mosquito numbers, would result in increased numbers of the Aedes albopictus species (known as the Asian Tiger mosquito).
Oxitec过去一直声称,为减少野生蚊数量而释放数百万转基因埃及伊蚊不会增加白纹伊蚊(又称“亚洲虎蚊”)的数量。
The Aedes albopictus also transmits viral tropical diseases such as dengue and zika, and recently has been shown to be a vector of chikungunya, a devastating and . The FDA recently approved trial releases of the GE mosquitoes in Florida.
白纹伊蚊还传播登革热与寨卡这样的病毒性热带疾病,还传播基孔肯雅病,一种灾难性。美国食品药品管理署(FDA)最近批准在佛罗里达州进行转基因蚊的试验箱释放。
"These court documents show that Oxitec's GE mosquito trials are not worth the risk. The State of Florida and its mosquito control boards have in the past effectively controlled disease from multiple mosquito species using much more benign approaches such as vaccines, screens, repellents, larvicides and removing breeding sites like abandoned tires," said Jaydee Hanson, policy director of the International Center for Technology Assessment.
“这些法庭文件表明Oxitec公司的转基因蚊试验存在着不值得冒的风险。佛罗里达州及其蚊子控制理事会过去曾经有效控制多种蚊子品种传播的疾病,使用更为温和的方式,例如疫苗、蚊帐、驱虫剂、杀幼虫剂、移除废弃轮胎这样的蚊子滋生条件“,《技术评估国际中心》政策主任Jaydee Hanson先生说。
This new evidence from the Cayman Islands highlights that Oxitec is aware of a major flaw in its single-species, technological approach to eradicating disease-carrying mosquitoes.
来自开曼群岛的这些新的证据突出表明Oxitec公司清楚了解他们灭除疾病携带蚊的单品种技术方法存在重大缺陷。
Oxitec makes clear that the release of the GE Asian Tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus might be needed if the release of the GE Aedes aegypti results in an increase of the numbers of Asian Tiger mosquitoes.
Oxitec公司清楚表明,可能需要进一步释放转基因亚洲虎蚊,如果释放转基因白纹伊蚊造成亚洲虎蚊数量增加。
Oxitec's 2014 application to the Cayman Islands Department of Environment states, "Should Aedes albopictus begin to occupy the Aedes aegypti niche upon reduction in their numbers, a concurrent operation will begin to reduce the numbers of Aedes albopictus".
Oxitec公司2014年向开曼群岛环境部的申请称,“如果白纹伊蚊(亚洲虎蚊)因白纹伊蚊数量减少开始占据埃及伊蚊的领地,需要同时展开减少白纹伊蚊的操作”。
"It might be a good business model for a company to sell a technology to reduce one mosquito species, so then they can also sell a technology to deal with the species that replaces it," said Wenonah Hauter, executive director of Food & Water Watch. "But it's not worth the effort, expense and potential risk for communities in the U.S. to start down this path."
“销售减少一种蚊子品种的技术,使他们能够进一步销售应对替代第一种蚊子品种的新的技术,可能是这样的公司的一个良好的商业模式”,《食物与水观察》执行主任Wenonah Hauter说。“但是这样做不值得美国的社区沿着这样的途径进行的努力、费用与潜在风险。”
Aedes albopictus is than Aedes aegypti and can be found in all east coast U.S. states from Maine to Florida, all southern states, most Midwestern states and in the states along the US-Mexico border from Texas west to California.
白纹伊蚊(亚洲虎蚊)是一种比埃及伊蚊,在美国所有东海岸缅因州到佛罗里达,所有南部州、大部分中西部州以及沿美国-墨西哥边境特克萨斯州到加利福尼亚州都能发现。
"Current permits for releases should now be revoked until regulators recognise the downsides of Oxitec's technology and the need to consider all the impacts on the ecosystem. The consequences of mass releases of GE mosquitoes could be harmful if other disease-carrying mosquito species move in as a result. Risk assessments in Brazil, the Cayman Islands and the USA need to be revised," said Dr. Helen Wallace, director of GeneWatch UK.
“监管机构承认Oxitec公司技术不利一面以及承认需要考虑对于生态系统所有影响前,释放转基因蚊现在的批准应当撤销。巨量释放转基因蚊的后果可能有害,如果结果是其他疾病携带蚊品种乘虚而入的话。在巴西、开曼群岛以及在美国做的风险评估需要修改”,英国《基因观察》主任Helen Wallace博士说。
The company has also previously hid information about the mosquito's potential to survive. Company data noted that 15 to 18 percent of its GE mosquitoes survive when fed on cat food containing industrially farmed chicken, which contains the antibiotic tetracycline. that this could lead to the survival and spread of large numbers of GE mosquitoes, when they encounter this common antibiotic in the environment e.g. in discarded takeaways or septic tanks.
Oxitec公司以前还隐瞒了有关转基因蚊生存潜在能力的信息。Oxitec公司的数据注明其转基因蚊吃了有抗生素四环素残留工业化养鸡成分猫粮后其生存率高达15-18%。,这导致转基因蚊的生存与大量传播,当它们接触环境中丢弃的猫粮与化粪池中这些普遍性的抗生素。
"Oxitec has misled the public about the risks. These GE mosquitoes may thrive in the wild or may lead to an increase in more aggressive mosquito populations," said Dana Perls, senior food and technology campaigner with Friends of the Earth, U.S. "We should be using the least toxic alternatives that don't have unintended consequences for our environment and health."
“Oxitec公司对于这些风险误导了公众。这些转基因蚊在野外可能茁壮成长或者可能导致更为侵略性的蚊子群”,美国《地球之友》高级食品与技术活动家说。“我们应当使用对我们环境与健康不会造成意外后果的最少毒性其他手段。”
Florida Keys residents will have a non-binding vote on whether they support the release of Oxitec's genetically engineered Aedes aegypti mosquitoes on November 8, 2016. A separate but related vote will occur in Key Haven, Florida, where Oxitec has received permission from the Food and Drug Administration to release its GE Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in the first U.S. trial. Residents of Key Haven have strongly opposed the release of these mosquitoes.
佛罗里达Keys的居民2016年11月8日即将对他们是否支持释放转基因埃及伊蚊进行民意投票。在佛罗里达Key Haven居民也将进行另外一项但是相关的投票,因为Oxitec公司已经获得美国FDA的批准在Key Haven进行在美国本土进行的头一次转基因埃及伊蚊释放试验。Key Haven的居民坚决反对释放这些转基因蚊。
参考资料:
上海东方卫视《转基因:祸?惑?》转基因蚊子谎言与真相(2013-01-03)
@陈一文微博:
【是“更正”,还是“掩盖”?】央视更正 有关“基因改造的蚊子将投放广州”的报道有误,专家称,即将投放广州的蚊子是携带天然共生菌的“益”蚊,并非基因改造的蚊子,该共生菌可降低蚊媒传播登革热的能力和减少蚊子的数量。《转基因蚊子谎言与真相》
2014-11-9 08:18 来自 人民网微博:
@人民网:【[吃惊]“基因被改造”蚊子 将投放广州防登革热】今年广东登革热爆发,为防止明年出现此情况,广州将试点投放"基因被改造的蚊子":益蚊。雄性益蚊和正常蚊子交配后,后代不能存活;雌性益蚊和正常蚊子交配后,后代将无法传播登革热。广州投放的是不叮人且能绝后的雄蚊。(央视)
美国政府对美国防部用转基因生物等生化剂做民众人体试验法规限制
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