中英文字幕：成人获得性平足（Adult Acquired Flatfoot）

　　成人获得性扁平足（Adult Acquired Flatfoot ）是指有症状的成年人继发性扁平足。引起继发性扁平足的原因有很多，如关节退变、创伤、糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎、神经性病变、肿瘤、胫后肌腱功能不全（Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction ，PTTD）等。PTTD被认为是引起成人获得性平足症最常见的原因，但也可以是各种平足症的结果。

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Adult Acquired Flatfoot

成人获得性平足

Overview（概述）

This condition is a progressive collapse of the tendons and ligaments that hold up the foot's arch. This condition most commonly affects women. It typically occurs in only one foot, but in some cases, both feet are afflicted.

　　成人获得性扁平足是由于支撑足弓的肌腱和韧带逐渐失效造成的。本病女性多发。一般只发生在一个脚，但有些时候双脚可同时发生。

Causes（原因）

Adult flatfoot typically occurs very gradually. It often develops in an obese person who already has somewhat flat feet. As the person ages, the tendons and ligaments that support the foot begin to lose their strength and elasticity.

　　成人平足症一般发生非常缓慢。往往出现在原已有点平足的胖人身上。随着年龄的增长，支持脚部的肌腱和韧带开始慢慢失去强度和弹性。

Arch Collapses（足弓塌陷）

The posterior tibial tendon, which travels along the inner side of the ankle and into the arch, may begin to gradually stretch and tear. The ligaments of the arch fail, allowing the bones of the foot to slip out of position and the foot to roll inward. Eventually, the arch collapses completely.

　　胫后肌腱（沿着脚踝内侧走行并进入足弓）可能开始慢慢拉伸直至撕裂。足弓韧带失效，使足部的骨头滑出正常的位置，造成足内旋。最终，足弓完全塌陷。

Symptoms（症状）

In many cases, adult flatfoot causes no pain or problems. In others, pain may be severe. Many people experience aching pain in the heel and arch and swelling along the inner side of the foot.

　　大多数成人扁平足没有疼痛或者不舒服。但有时候痛得很严重。好多人有过足跟痛和足弓痛，甚至沿着足内侧肿胀疼痛。

Condition Progresses（病情进展）

Prolonged standing can aggravate the symptoms and cause the feet to tire easily. As the condition progresses, pain may shift to the outer side of the foot, and arthritis may develop in the foot and ankle. 

　　长时间的站立可加重症状，并且造成双脚容易疲劳。随着病情加重，疼痛可能转到外侧，甚至造成足和踝关节炎。

Treatment（治疗）

Flatfoot can be treated with a variety of methods, including modified shoes, orthotic devices, a brace or cast, anti-inflammatory medications or limited steroid injections, rest, ice, and physical therapy. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary.

　　扁平足可以采取多种方法进行治疗，包括矫形鞋、矫正器、支具或石膏固定，消炎止痛药或者有限的类固醇注射、休息、冰敷和理疗。严重者可能需要手术。

（韩健勇    译）

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