罗马发布西班牙台阶“禁坐令” 违者或被罚250欧元
去罗马旅游，你是不是也想像《罗马假日》中的奥黛丽·赫本那样坐在西班牙台阶上吃冰激凌？对不起，今后你可能因此被罚款250欧元。如果你弄脏或者损坏了台阶，可能被罚款400欧元。这一新规也引起一些人的不满。
这是一张拼版照片，上图为游客们坐在意大利罗马的西班牙台阶上（2019年3月6日摄）；下图为游客们站在西班牙台阶上（2019年8月8日摄）。（新华社记者程婷婷摄）
罗马针对著名的西班牙台阶发布的游客“禁坐令”在当地产生了分歧，一些批评人士称其太过分，甚至称其为“法西斯主义”。
A ban on tourists sitting on Rome’s famous Spanish Steps has divided the capital, with critics describing it as excessive and even “Fascist”.
根据新规定，警方已开始告知游客，他们不能再坐在135级的西班牙台阶上了。西班牙台阶从宏伟的圣三一教堂一直延伸到市中心的西班牙广场。
Under new rules, police have started telling tourists they can no longer sit on the 135 steps, which sweep from the imposing church of Trinita de’ Monti down to Piazza di Spagna in the heart of the city.
警方于上周二（8月6日）开始在这座建于18世纪的大理石台阶上巡逻，向那些坐着的人吹哨发出警告。西班牙台阶是联合国教科文组织的世界遗产地，一直是疲惫游客的理想休息场所，在日落时分格外诱人。
Police began patrolling the 18th-century marble steps on Tuesday, blowing whistles at those sitting down. The monument, a Unesco world heritage site, has long been the ideal resting spot for tired visitors and holds a special allure at sunset.
allure [əˈlʊə(r)]：n.诱惑力；引诱力
2019年8月8日，在意大利罗马，警察在西班牙台阶上巡逻。（新华社记者程婷婷摄）
违反禁令的游客将被罚款250欧元（约合1977元人民币）。如果游客弄脏或损坏了石阶，罚款将增至400欧元。1953年，格里高利·派克和奥黛丽·赫本主演的浪漫喜剧《罗马假日》使石阶闻名于世。
Visitors who defy the ban can be fined €250, which increases to €400 if they have dirtied or damaged the stone staircase, which was made famous by the 1953 romantic comedy Roman Holiday, starring Gregory Peck and Audrey Hepburn.
新规是为了阻止游客在西班牙台阶上的饮食行为。
The new rules are an attempt to stop tourists eating and drinking on the Steps.
三年前，宝格丽珠宝公司出资150万欧元，对西班牙台阶进行了清理和修复。
The monument was cleaned and restored three years ago, with the €1.5 million project funded by Bulgari, the jewelers.
清洁工人清除掉了溅在台阶上的红酒和咖啡污渍，以及粘在上面的口香糖。
Cleaners removed stains left by spilt wine and coffee as well as wads of chewing gum.
wad [wɒd]：n.填料；块状软物
但是一些人谴责这项禁令过于严厉。知名艺术评论家和文化遗产专家维托里奥·斯加比说：“这一禁令太过分了，几乎是法西斯主义。当然，西班牙台阶应该受到保护，人们不应该在台阶上吃东西，但是禁止游客坐在那里实在是太过分了。我觉得这有点儿法西斯主义。”
But the ban has been condemned as too stringent. Vittorio Sgarbi, a high-profile art critic and cultural heritage expert, said: “The rule is excessive, almost Fascist. Of course the monument should be protected and people should not eat on the steps, but banning tourists from sitting down is really excessive. It seems a bit Fascist to me.”
stringent ['strɪn(d)ʒ(ə)nt]：adj.严格的；严厉的
意大利旅馆业协会也批评了这一禁令。协会会长朱塞佩·罗西奥里说：“禁止人们坐下似乎有点过分。应该允许游客在逛累了之后休息一下。”
A hoteliers’ association also criticised the ban. “Banning people from sitting down seems a bit much,” said Giuseppe Roscioli, the president of the Federalberghi association. “Tourists should be allowed to rest a bit after walking around the city.”
但这一新规受到了该地区企业主的欢迎，这里遍布古驰和普拉达等品牌店铺。
But it was welcomed by business owners in the area, which is crammed with brands such as Gucci and Prada.
某商会主席贾尼·巴提斯托尼说：“这是文明的小小回归。为了发现是谁在吃吃喝喝破坏西班牙台阶，需要警察注意每一位游客。”
“This is a small return to civility,” said Gianni Battistoni, the president of an association of businesses. “To try to check who is damaging the monument by eating and drinking, you would need a police officer for every tourist.”
他告诉《新闻报》说，最好全面实施“禁坐令”。
Better to have a blanket ban on tourists sitting down, he told La Stampa newspaper.
blanket ['blæŋkɪt]：adj.总括的，全体的；没有限制的
罗马历史中心区居民协会会长维维安娜•迪•卡普阿说：“罗马需要得到尊重，人们需要明白，不是什么事情都能做。”
Viviana Di Capua, the head of an association of residents of the historic centre of Rome, said: “Rome needs to be respected and people need to understand that not everything is allowed.”
该地区某企业主协会会长达维德·塞蒙内塔表示，许多游客行为不端，“他们不明白自己身处一座美丽的历史城市。”
Davide Sermoneta, the head of an association of business owners in the area, said many tourists were badly behaved. “They don’t understand that they are in a city of history and beauty.”
2016年西班牙台阶修复后，有人呼吁在台阶的顶部和底部安装围栏，每晚上锁。但是罗马市议会否决了这个想法。
After the restoration of the Spanish Steps in 2016, there were calls for fences to be installed at the top and bottom and for them to be locked every night. But the idea was rejected by Rome city council.
这些巨大的台阶是由建筑师弗朗西斯科·德·桑蒂斯在1723年至1726年间建造的。
The sweeping steps were built between 1723 and 1726 by the architect Francesco de Sanctis.
为了防止游客坐在历史悠久的教堂台阶上，佛罗伦萨曾尝试定期用水管冲洗台阶，使其潮湿，不适于落座。
Florence has tried to prevent tourists from sitting on the steps of historic churches by routinely hosing them down to make them wet and uncomfortable.
hose [həʊz]: vt.用软管浇水
最近，意大利还颁布了其他一些保护措施：禁止在特莱维喷泉（许愿池）游泳；禁止在佛罗伦萨街上吃东西；最近还禁止让大型游轮停靠在威尼斯历史中心区。
This fine comes on the heels of other recent Italian preservation efforts: swimming banned in Trevi fountain; Florence's eating-in-the-streets ban; and, most recently, Venice's decision to stop letting huge cruise ships dock in the city's historic center.
威尼斯也受到每年到访的数百万游客的懒散行为的困扰，并对跳进运河、跳桥或在公共场所野餐的人处以高额罚款。
Venice also struggles with slovenly behaviour by the millions of tourists who visit each year and has stiff fines for people who jump in canals or off bridges, or picnic in public places.
slovenly['slʌv(ə)nlɪ]：adj.懒散的；不整洁的；马虎的
stiff[stɪf]：adj.（价格）高昂
上月，两名德国游客因在威尼斯著名的里亚托桥下用野营炉煮咖啡而被罚款950欧元。
Last month, two German tourists were fined €950 for brewing up cups of coffee on a camping stove beneath Venice’s famous Rialto bridge.
虽然最近的一些举措似乎是为了遏制过度旅游，但颁布西班牙台阶“禁坐令”却是为了保护该历史遗产。
While some recent moves seem to be a direct attempt to curb overtourism, this particular fine is aimed squarely at preservation.
squarely ['skweəlɪ]：adv.正好；干脆地；正当地
公园的长椅、路边的咖啡馆和露台欢迎疲惫的游客，鼓励客人坐下来休息一会儿。
Park benches, sidewalk cafes and terraces welcome tired travelers, encouraging guests to sit and stay awhile.
然而，历史遗迹有着不同的用途，它并不用于让疲惫的游客放松，而是要得到游客的尊重。
Historic monuments, however, serve a different purpose, one that does not invite weary travelers to relax in the space but rather to respect it.
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