近年来，人脸识别技术在社会生活中得到广泛运用，随之而来的纠纷也日益增多。近日公布的《最高人民法院关于审理使用人脸识别技术处理个人信息相关民事案件适用法律若干问题的规定》，进一步明确这些热点问题的适用法律，为维护个人信息安全增添保障。2020年6月23日，一名男子正在刷脸进入第四届世界智能大会会场。（图片来源：新华网）规定指出，商家在未经同意的情况下擅自安装刷脸系统采集消费者人脸信息，软件运营商强迫用户提供人脸信息等行为均属于侵害自然人人格权益的行为。Shops installing face-scanning systems to gather consumers' data without their permission and software operators forcing users to give their facial information will be in violation of people's personality rights, the document said.
【知识点】根据民法典规定，人格权（personality rights）是民事主体享有的生命权、身体权、健康权、姓名权、名称权、肖像权、名誉权、隐私权（rights of one's life, human body, health, name,identity, image, reputation and privacy）等权利。网络平台或移动应用程序在征得个人同意时，必须就人脸信息处理活动单独取得个人的同意，不能通过一揽子告知同意等方式征得个人同意。When online platforms or apps try to get the approval of users in processing their facial information, the specific clauses have to be presented to the users for special consideration rather than buried in the general terms of use, says the document.对于“不点击同意就不提供服务”等方式强迫用户同意处理其非必要人脸信息的，人民法院不予支持。It also rules out the practice of forcing users to agree to facial recognition terms if they want to use their services, which do not rely on the access of facial information.【词汇讲解】这里的rule out是一个固定搭配的短语，表示“exclude; make impossible”，即“排除”，上文的规定是最高法出台的，所以这里的rule out其实包含“禁止”的意思。此外，在体育比赛中，rule out也可以用来表示“出局”，比如：The latest loss ruled him out of the final（他最近这次失利使他无缘决赛）。 对于部分小区物业将人脸识别作为出入小区的唯一验证方式的问题，规定明确，物业应为不同意使用人脸识别的使用人提供其他合理验证方式。For the situation where property management service enterprises set up facial recognition as the only verification method for people entering a property, the document says reasonable alternative methods must be provided for those who do not agree to use facial recognition.相关词汇隐私政策 privacy policy信息安全 information security信息泄露 information leak人格权 personality rights居住权 rights of habitation依法治国 rule of law/law-based governance