How Well Do We Know The Ground Beneath Our Feet? 你对自己脚下的土壤了解多少？
Does the thought of kissing the ground beneath your feet sound ridiculous? Why should that omnipresent element of nature be given so much respect? What is the big deal with soil, or ‘dirt’ as we think of it?
亲吻你脚下的土壤听上去是不是有些可笑？为什么要如此尊重自然当中如此常见的元素？提起“土壤”，或者“尘土”，我们想到什么？
The simple truth is that soil supports all life on earth.
一个简单的事实就是土壤孕育了地球上的一切生物。
All life on earth depends on the top 20cm of soil, and this soil is depleting at an alarming rate, thanks to exploitative agricultural processes.
地球上的生命都来源于土壤顶层的20厘米，由于现代农业的过度开发，这些土壤正以惊人的速度消失。
Source: https://soilsolution.org/2018/01/soil-solutions-underscores-the-importance-of-healthy-soil-for-climate-stability/
A Brief Introduction to Soil 什么是土壤
Soil is present all around us and under us, deep into the Earth’s core. It is essentially a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and micro-organisms. All these together support life. Earth's body of soil, called the pedosphere, has, among others, four important functions:
土壤遍布我们周围和脚下，深入地球的核心。它实际上是有机物质，矿物质，气体，液体和微生物的混合体。所有这些共同支持地球上的生命。地球的土壤层称为土壤圈，它具有四个重要功能：
as a medium for plant growth 为植物发育提供媒介
as a means of water storage, supply and purification 供应和净化水源
as a modifier of Earth's atmosphere 调节大气层
as a habitat for organisms 提供生物栖息地
A ploughed field. Source: https://www.growjourney.com/five-amazing-soil-facts-will-change-way-view-world#.X6SlfpP7TgF
Soil IS the basis for our food production and will remain so in any given future. What we do need to remember, though, is that large masses of our planet are inhabitable with extreme weather conditions that are not suitable for agriculture.
土壤是我们生产粮食的基础，这一事实将来也不会改变。然而，我们需要记住的是，地球上许多栖息地由于极端天气的影响，并不适合农业耕种
Source: https://www.dirt-to-dinner.com/soil-it-is-much-more-than-dirt/
So it is critical that we better manage and preserve this resource, wherever we have it.
所以，我们要运用和保护好拥有的一切资源。
What is the Problem With Our Soil? 我们脚下的土壤面临什么问题？
The destruction of the surface soil or of the topsoil, is one of the biggest ecological problems of the world. Many thousands of hectares of cultivated land are lost each year through erosion, salination, and desertification.
表层土壤或表土的破坏是世界上最严峻的生态问题之一。由于侵蚀，盐碱化和荒漠化，每年都有成千上万公顷的耕地流失。
Source: https://acadiankelpmeal.com/chemical-fertilizers-are-bad/
Use of heavy machinery to till deep into the land, excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and monoculture farming i.e. growing of single crop across vast expanse of land, are key characteristics of modern industrial agriculture. These practices may lead to a high short-term yield, but they ‘kill the soil’ in the long-term, often rendering it ‘lifeless’. Poor farming practices also lead to soil loss through erosion and ‘leaching’ of nutrients from the soil.
现代工业农业的特征是使用重型机械耕种土地深处，过度使用化肥和杀虫剂以及单一种植农业，即在广阔的土地上种植单一作物。这些做法可能会导致短期的高收益，但从长期来看却会“杀死土壤”，使土壤“毫无生气”。这种不良的耕种方式侵蚀土壤，造成土壤养分的流失。
As global temperatures rise and the human population expands, there is a higher demand for food, including producing more animal feed to produce more meat. Agricultural, food production and supply chain inefficiencies combined with consumer-side waste also means that nearly 1/3 of the food we produce globally gets wasted, and more food is required to be produced. It’s a vicious cycle.
随着全球温度升高和人口增长，人类对食物的需求也越来越高，这也包括种植更多的动物饲料来生产更多肉类。农业，食品生产和供应链效率低下，消费者对粮食的浪费，意味着我们在全球生产的食品中有近1/3被浪费了，从而衍生出生产更多的食品的需求，形成恶性循环。
Source: https://www.growjourney.com/five-amazing-soil-facts-will-change-way-view-world
The result is that an ever-growing part of our planet is vulnerable to desertification - the permanent degradation of land that was once arable.
这导致了我们星球上越来越多的土地很容易受到荒漠化的影响，而这些荒漠化的土地曾经是可耕种的土地。
What is Desertification? 什么是沙漠化？
Desertification is a type of land degradation in drylands in which biological productivity is lost due to natural processes or induced by human activities whereby fertile areas become increasingly arid. Climate change. particularly the current global warming, and overexploitation of soil as a result of human activity are currently the two biggest contributors to this problem.
沙漠化指原由植物覆蓋的土地变成不毛之地的現象。是水土流失的一种形式，相对干旱的土地变得更加干涸，原因有许多，如气候变化和人类过度开发等。当沙漠在星球生命周期中自然形成，则为自然现象；然而，由于过度开垦，近乎肆虐无节制地压榨土壤中的养分，则为“土壤死亡”，可以追溯至人类过多开发。沙漠化是严重的全球生态和环境问题。
Source: https://www.britannica.com/science/desertification
Urbanization, mining, farming, and ranching – all examples of human activity – have driven-up land degradation by 30-35 times the normal historical rate, while desertification affects over 100 countries, mostly hitting some of the poorest and most vulnerable populations, according to National Geographic.
国家地理杂志统计，城市化，采矿，农业和牧场-以上人类活动的所有例子-导致土地退化速度是正常历史速度的30-35倍，而荒漠化影响了100多个国家，其中大多数是国家是贫困国家，拥有最脆弱的人口。
A single gram of healthy soil contains millions of organisms, most of which we cannot see with the naked eye or have even discovered.
Source: https://www.dirt-to-dinner.com/soil-it-is-much-more-than-dirt/
And Finally, Few Words About Soil Carbon 最后，关于土壤碳的简介
When we damage soil, we are not only destroying our food source - we are actually releasing carbon back into the atmosphere.
人类破坏土壤的同时也破坏了食物来源——我们实际将碳释放回大气当中。
Source: https://www.carbonbrief.org/worlds-soils-have-lost-133bn-tonnes-of-carbon-since-the-dawn-of-agriculture
The top one meter of the world’s soils contains three times as much carbon as the entire atmosphere, making it a major carbon sink alongside forests and oceans. Soils play a key role in the carbon cycle by soaking up carbon from dead plant matter. Plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere through photosynthesis, and pass carbon to the ground when dead roots and leaves decompose.
世界上最高的一米土壤所含碳量是整个大气层的三倍，它和森林，海洋一起，形成了主要的碳吸储库。通过吸收枯萎植物释放的碳，土壤在碳循环中起着关键作用。植物通过光合作用从大气中吸收二氧化碳，并在分解枯根和叶片时将碳传递到地面。
But human activity, in particular modern agriculture, is causing carbon to be released from the soil at a faster rate than it is replaced. This net release of carbon to the atmosphere is a significant contributor to global warming.
但是人类活动，特别是现代农业，造成土壤中碳的释放速度快于它被取代的速度，这在很大程度上加速了全球变暖。
Source: https://civileats.com/2020/09/22/new-soil-documentary-promises-a-powerful-solution-to-the-growing-effects-of-climate-change/
There seems to be hope, though. And this is the subject of “a new soil documentary that promises a powerful solution to the growing effects of climate change” on our land.
不过不要失去希望。这一部新的土壤纪录片，有望对气候变化的日益严重的影响提供有力解决方案。
‘Kiss the Ground’: Film Screening in Shanghai, 12 November 2020
“亲吻大地”：绿色倡议上海2020年11月12日电影放映活动
Green Initiatives' 122nd film screening, Kiss the Ground, is a full-length documentary that sheds light on an alternative approach to farming called “regenerative agriculture” that has the potential to balance our climate, replenish our vast water supplies, and feed the world.
绿色倡议放映的第122部电影“亲吻大地”是一部全长纪录片，阐明了一种另类农业生产方法，即“再生农业”，它有可能平衡气候，补充大量水源并养活世界。
Kiss the Ground reveals that, by regenerating the world’s soils, we can completely and rapidly stabilize Earth’s climate, restore lost ecosystems and create abundant food supplies. Using compelling graphics and visuals, along with striking NASA and NOAA footage, the film artfully illustrates how, by drawing down atmospheric carbon, soil is the missing piece of the climate puzzle.
这部电影展示了通过再生世界的土壤，我们可以迅速地稳定地球气候，恢复失去的生态系统并创造丰富的粮食供应链。这部电影使用引人入胜的图形和视觉效果以及美国宇航局（NASA）和美国国家和海洋大气管理局（NOAA）精细的镜头，巧妙地说明了如何通过减少大气中的碳来减少土壤，探索了气候难题中的缺失部分。
Source: https://foodinsight.org/what-is-regenerative-agriculture/
Film screening will be followed by a short discussion with Fred Yang, Farmer and Founder of Rainbow of Hope and Urban-Rural Bridge.
放映结束之后，绿色倡议邀请了农场主，希望和城乡之桥的创始人Fred Yang和观众进行现场交流.
Film comes with Chinese subtitles. 本片提供中文字幕。
About Fred Yang and Rainbow of Hope
关于“阳光三农计划”的创始人：菜园守望者杨宗强
Fred Young is a social entrepreneur, farmer, and speaker on sustainable development and food safety topics. Native to Dingjia in western Hunan, he was the first university graduate in his community. In 2008, he left the hustle and bustle of Shanghai to return to his tranquil home village to practice organic farming.
杨宗强是一位社会企业家、生态农夫、可持续发展和食品安全问题的宣传者。作为湘西深山老家丁家乡的第一个大学生到上海工作，2008年离开喧嚣的上海回到静谧的山村实践生态农业产业发展.
In 2011, he started the “Rainbow of Hope” project to educate local farmers about chemical-free agricultural practices, ushering in a new economy by connecting urban markets and rural communities.
2011年，杨宗强启动了“阳光三农计划”，引导农民以不使用农药化肥的模式进行生态农业生产，引领将城市市场与乡村社区实现直接对接的新农业产业模式。
Fred was also featured in Green Initiatives' widely read wechat post, "Good Food for You, the Farmers, and the Planet".
Entrance Fee 入场费
Registered Guests 已注册的客人 ￥50
For Students with Valid ID Cards ￥30
At-the-door 未登记注册的客人 ￥70 (Without RSVP)
Scan the QR code to register 扫二维码买票
Date/Location 日期/地点
Thursday, 12 November, 2020 | 18:30-21:30
Education First (EF) Jingan
258 Tongren Road, Near Yuyuan Road
上海市静安区铜仁路258号近愚园路
Metro Line 2 Jingan Temple Exit 3
地铁2号线静安寺3号口
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