SCI搬运工 | 基于水稀缺性夹点分析的区域水资源评估
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No.1
文章亮点
1 本文提出了一种图形化水稀缺性夹点分析方法;
2 本文考虑到的因素:水量短缺和水质较差;
3 水稀缺性综合曲线确定了水质和水量;
4 本文提出了减轻和消除水稀缺性策略;
5 本文应用了水质梯级和提高。
No.2
文章导读
水稀缺性已成为人们生活质量和工业发展的限制因素。除了水量不足之外,水质退化也导致了水稀缺,造成了水处理、运输过程中有关环境问题。水是自然水循环和国际贸易中的一种全球资源,因此一个区域的用水可以在更大的范围甚至全球范围内影响环境。若忽视水质降低造成的水资源稀缺,会导致各地供水与需求之间的水质不匹配,并增加不必要的成本。如今迫切需要定义水资源稀缺问题,并发展评估研究方法,为解决区域的水稀缺性问题提供建议。
为了弥补研究空白,本文提出:(1)从水质和水量两方面重新定义了水稀缺性问题;(2)基于水夹点分析提出了水稀缺评估方法,并为解决水资源稀缺问题提供了指导意义。
No.3
文章摘要
图1 由进口到欧盟的工业品生产引起的与污染相关的水压
图2 供水需求曲线
图3 移动后的供水需求曲线
图4 水稀缺阶梯综合曲线
图5 水质梯级与水质稀释的水稀缺性(方案一)
图6 水质梯级与水质稀释的水稀缺性(方案二)
图7 水质梯级与水质稀释的水稀缺性(方案三)
No.4
原文信息
Abstract
Water quality problems contribute significantly to water scarcity. This study aims to redefine water scarcity caused by water quality degradation together with water quantity shortage and propose a Water Scarcity Pinch Analysis (WSPA) to quantify the regional water scarcity. WSPA is proposed based on the well-applied method of Water Pinch Analysis. The quality of water sources and demands is specified by setting water quality categories, based on which the staircase Grand Composite Curve (GCC) is constructed. After applying the water quality cascade, the GCC provides the water quantity-quality target, which is the net deficit volume (m3) of water with certain water quality (categories). The water quantity-quality target is defined as the regional water scarcity. Water quality upgrading is applied to maximise the water use efficiency for different purposes by mixing water sources with different qualities. Three case studies are set to illustrate the implementation of the proposed method and investigate the performance of the proposed WSPA. The results show that WSPA identifies both the water quantity scarcity and scarcity caused by insufficient water quality or the water quality mismatch between the sources and demands. Conclusions and novel contributions are i) WSPA enables accounting for water quality together with quantity in water scarcity assessment and provides both quantity and quality targets for minimising regional water scarcity; ii) Applying the WSPA to a macro level elevates the ratio-based water scarcity assessment from single determination to insight-based assessment that can guide the regional water resource management; iii) water quality cascade and water quality upgrade with water dilution can improve water use efficiency and reduce regional water scarcity.
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