其他
房颤终止无复发,能否停用抗凝药?
导管消融可显著降低房颤患者卒中风险
房颤成功消融后暂停远期抗凝治疗是安全的
临床应该如何做?
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抗凝在心房颤动(简称房颤)的治疗方案中具有基石性地位。尽管如此,我们对房颤射频消融后的抗凝问题存在重视不足和原理不明。
房颤的射频消融术能够使患者恢复窦律,减少心脑血管事件,改善患者生活质量,成为有症状的阵发性或持续性房颤的首选治疗方案。
然而,消融术本身可以导致左房功能障碍(包括心房顿抑)和心房内皮损伤,因而不论射频消融后是否成功复律均应至少 2 个月抗凝治疗,这也被 2020 ESC 房颤诊断与管理指南所推荐。
而且,2019 年 AHA/ACC/HRS 房颤指南也指出不推荐单纯以避免抗凝治疗为目的的导管消融来维持窦律,这是因为房颤消融后复发率仍较高,且消融导致的心脏神经系统的损伤使无症状性房颤发生增加。
因此,房颤患者应根据适应证行射频消融治疗,治疗成功后仍推荐应用 CHA2DS2-VASc 评分来指导抗凝治疗,以使患者最大程度地从中获益。
点评专家:刘越主任医师 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院
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参考文献[1] Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) [J]. Eur Heart J, 2021, 42(5): 373-498.[2] Bunch T J, Crandall B G, Weiss J P, et al. Patients treated with catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation have long-term rates of death, stroke, and dementia similar to patients without atrial fibrillation [J]. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, 2011, 22(8): 839-845.[3] Saliba W, Schliamser J E, Lavi I, et al. Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation is associated with reduced risk of stroke and mortality: A propensity score-matched analysis [J]. Heart Rhythm, 2017, 14(5): 635-642.[4] Themistoclakis S, Corrado A, Marchlinski F E, et al. The risk of thromboembolism and need for oral anticoagulation after successful atrial fibrillation ablation [J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2010, 55(8): 735-743.[5] Yang W Y, Du X, Jiang C, et al. The safety of discontinuation of oral anticoagulation therapy after apparently successful atrial fibrillation ablation: a report from the Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry study [J]. Europace, 2020, 22(1): 90-99.[6] Liang J J, Callans D J. Can Anticoagulation Be Stopped After Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation? [J]. Curr Cardiol Rep, 2020, 22(8): 58.(▲▼上下滑动查看全部内容)