我拍的朋友vs朋友拍的我
近日，8月20日，中国空间站3名航天员执行第二次出舱任务。成功出舱后，两名航天员在太空中互拍。航天员刘伯明用舱外航天服上的摄像机，拍下了另一名航天员聂海胜站在机械臂上的绝美画面。
versus /ˈvɜːsəs/
经常看到缩写vs，vs.或者是单单一个v，就是指的versus /ˈvɜːsəs/，表示“（比较两种不同想法、选择等）与…相对，与…相比”，英文解释为“used to compare two different ideas, choices, etc.”如：private education versus state education 私立教育与公共教育相比，举个🌰：
It is France versus Brazil in the final.
决赛是法国队对巴西队。
无注释原文：
Chinese astronauts conduct second spacewalk outside planned space station
CNN
Chinese astronauts working on the country's planned space station carried out their second spacewalk on Friday, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
Since they were sent into space in June, the three-man crew has been working and living on the Tianhe core module of the space station, the largest spacecraft developed by China to date. They plan to have the space station, called Tiangong or Heavenly Palace, fully crewed and operational by December 2022 -- an ambitious target for China's rapidly expanding space program.
Two of the astronauts, Nie Haisheng and Liu Boming, conducted the spacewalk on Friday morning local Beijing time, leaving the core module to carry out tasks such as installing equipment outside the space station and working on the attached robotic arm, said the space agency on the Chinese platform WeChat. The third astronaut, Tang Hongbo, provided support from inside the cabin.
"The astronauts are in good condition," said state-run news outlet Xinhua before the spacewalk, adding that the core module, spacecraft and cargo craft are all "operating stably."
The astronauts carried out their first spacewalk in early July, during which they tested new-generation spacesuits, installed equipment, elevated a panoramic camera and tested the station's robotic arm.
It was also only China's second spacewalk at the time, since its first was carried out in 2008.
No other spacewalks are planned for the remainder of their three-month orbital flight -- China's longest-ever crewed mission. Their flight is just the first of many to come before the station is complete -- after this mission, another three crewed spacecrafts and two laboratory modules will be sent to the space station.
Once complete, the space station is expected to operate for 10 years -- which could be extended to 15. Though won't be as large as the international space station, it's designed to be permanently occupied by astronauts on long-term stays.
Chinese astronauts have long been excluded from the ISS due to US political objections and legislative restrictions. The country's space program has expanded rapidly in the past decade, and has accelerated in the past year alone -- scientists successfully landed exploratory rovers on the moon in December and on Mars in May.
Russia, a longtime contributor on the ISS, has also left the project and is now considering launching its own space station by 2030.
- ◆ -
注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应
含注释全文：
Chinese astronauts conduct second spacewalk outside planned space station
CNN
Chinese astronauts working on the country's planned space station carried out their second spacewalk on Friday, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
据中国载人航天工程办公室，在该国计划中的空间站工作的中国航天员周五进行了他们的第二次太空行走。
Since they were sent into space in June, the three-man crew has been working and living on the Tianhe core module of the space station, the largest spacecraft developed by China to date. They plan to have the space station, called Tiangong or Heavenly Palace, fully crewed and operational by December 2022 -- an ambitious target for China's rapidly expanding space program.
自从他们在6月被送入太空以来，三人组一直在空间站的天和核心舱上工作和生活，这是中国迄今为止开发的最大的航天器。他们计划在2022年12月之前让这个名为天宫的空间站完全配备人员并投入运行--这对中国快速扩张的太空计划来说是一个雄心勃勃的目标。
crew
1）作名词，表示“全体船员；全体机务人员”，英文解释为“The crew of a ship, an aircraft, or a spacecraft is the people who work on and operate it.”举个🌰：
The mission for the crew of the space shuttle is essentially over.
航天飞机全体机务人员的使命基本完成。
2）作名词，表示“一组工作人员”，英文解释为“A crew is a group of people with special technical skills who work together on a task or project.”如：a two-man film crew making a documentary 一个制作纪录片的两人摄制组。
3）作动词，表示“当船员；充当…的船员”，英文解释为“If you crew a boat, you work on it as part of the crew.”举个🌰：
This neighbour crewed on a ferryboat.
这位邻居在一艘渡船上当船员。
module
module /ˈmɒdjuːl/ 表示“（航天器独立的）舱”，英文解释为“a part of a spacecraft that can operate independently of the other parts, especially when separate from them”。
Two of the astronauts, Nie Haisheng and Liu Boming, conducted the spacewalk on Friday morning local Beijing time, leaving the core module to carry out tasks such as installing equipment outside the space station and working on the attached robotic arm, said the space agency on the Chinese platform WeChat. The third astronaut, Tang Hongbo, provided support from inside the cabin.
中国载人航天工程办公室在微信公众号发布消息称，其中两名航天员聂海胜和刘伯明于北京时间周五上午进行了太空行走，离开核心舱执行任务，如在空间站舱外安装设备和对附属的机械臂进行工作。第三名航天员汤洪波在舱内提供支持。
attach
表示“系，绑；连接；使附着；附上；固定”，英文解释为“to fasten, join, or connect something”举个🌰：
I attached a photo to my application form.
我在我的申请表上贴了一张照片。
📍补充，发邮件时，你可能就会看到“Attach a file”的说法：
其名词形式attachment则可以表示“（电子邮件的）附件”（In computing, an attachment is a file which is attached separately to a message that you send to someone.）
cabin
表示“船舱；机舱”，英文解释为“A cabin is a small room in a ship or boat. A cabin is one of the areas inside a plane.”举个🌰：
He showed her to a small cabin.
他把她带到一间小房舱。
"The astronauts are in good condition," said state-run news outlet Xinhua before the spacewalk, adding that the core module, spacecraft and cargo craft are all "operating stably."
“航天员状况良好，”国营新闻机构新华社在太空行走前说，并补充说核心舱、航天器和货运飞船都在“稳定运行”。
outlet
outlet/outlets一词经常出现，media outlet / news outlets 都可以表示媒体/新闻机构；
outlet本身表示“商店，商行；销售公司；专卖店；直销店”，英文解释为“An outlet is a shop or organization which sells the goods made by a particular manufacturer or at a discount price, often direct from the manufacturer.”如：a fast-food outlet 快餐店 a retail outlet 零售店，举个🌰：
At the factory outlet you'll find discounted items at up to 75% off regular prices.
在工厂的直销店里，你会找到比常规价低75%的打折商品。
📍而我们日常生活中常见的“奥特莱斯”商场就是outlets的音译，指的就是品牌直销购物中心。
cargo
表示“（轮船、飞机等大型交通工具装载的）货物”，英文解释为“the goods carried by a ship, aircraft, or other large vehicle”如：a cargo ship/plane 货船/货运飞机。
craft
结合我们常见的aircraft/spacecraft/hovercraft等词可以猜到，此处craft表示“船，艇；飞行器，航空器”，英文解释为“a vehicle for travelling on water or through the air”，如：
naval craft 军舰
civilian craft 民用船
patrol craft 巡逻艇
rescue craft 救生艇
📍补充：
hovercraft 气垫船
military aircraft 军用飞机
a manned/unmanned spacecraft 载人/无人的宇宙飞船
📍此外，craft作名词还可以指“工艺，手艺；技术”，英文解释为“skill and experience, especially in relation to making objects; a job or activity that needs skill and experience, or something produced using skill and experience”，如：
the craft of furniture making/sewing 家具制作/缝纫工艺
political/literary craft 政治手腕／文学手法
rural/ancient/traditional crafts 乡村的/古老的/传统的手艺
craft workers (= skilled workers) 熟练工人，工匠
📍当然，也可以作为动词表示“精制，（手工）制作”，举个🌰：
Each doll is crafted individually by specialists.
每个布娃娃都由专业人员手工制作。
🎬电影《外星人保罗》（Paul）中的台词提到：Hey, imagine if we got buzzed by a craft. 想象一下如果一艘飞船从我们头上掠过。
The astronauts carried out their first spacewalk in early July, during which they tested new-generation spacesuits, installed equipment, elevated a panoramic camera and tested the station's robotic arm.
航天员在7月初进行了第一次太空行走，期间他们测试了新一代航天服，安装了设备，提升了一台全景相机，并测试了空间站的机械臂。
elevate
1）表示“抬高；提高；使上升；举起”，英文解释为“to raise something or lift something up”；
2）表示“提升；提高；改进”，英文解释为“to make someone or something more important or to improve something”举个🌰：
They want to elevate the status of teachers.
他们想提高教师的社会地位。
panoramic
panoramic /ˌpænəˈræmɪk/表示“全景的；远景的”，英文解释为“If you have a panoramic view, you can see a long way over a wide area.”举个🌰：
The terrain's high points provide a panoramic view of Hangzhou.
这一地带的制高点可以看见杭州的全景。
It was also only China's second spacewalk at the time, since its first was carried out in 2008.
这也是中国当时的第二次太空行走，因为其第一次是在2008年进行的。
No other spacewalks are planned for the remainder of their three-month orbital flight -- China's longest-ever crewed mission. Their flight is just the first of many to come before the station is complete -- after this mission, another three crewed spacecrafts and two laboratory modules will be sent to the space station.
在他们三个月的轨道飞行的剩余时间里，没有计划进行其他太空行走--这是中国有史以来最长的载人任务。他们的飞行只是空间站建成前众多飞行中的第一次--在这次任务之后，另外三个载人航天器和两个实验室模块将被送往空间站。
orbital
orbital /ˈɔːbɪtəl/ 表示“轨道的”，英文解释为“Orbital describes things relating to the orbit of an object in space.”举个🌰：
The newly discovered world followed an orbital path unlike that of any other planet.
新发现的这个天体的运行轨和任何其他行星的不同。
Once complete, the space station is expected to operate for 10 years -- which could be extended to 15. Though won't be as large as the international space station, it's designed to be permanently occupied by astronauts on long-term stays.
一旦完成，空间站预计将运行10年--可能会延长到15年。虽然不会像国际空间站那样大，但它被设计成可供航天员长期居住的地方。
extend
表示“延长，使延期”，英文解释为“to make something last longer”举个🌰：
The bar has recently extended its opening hours (= made them longer).
酒吧最近延长了营业时间。
Chinese astronauts have long been excluded from the ISS due to US political objections and legislative restrictions. The country's space program has expanded rapidly in the past decade, and has accelerated in the past year alone -- scientists successfully landed exploratory rovers on the moon in December and on Mars in May.
由于美国的政治反对和立法限制，中国航天员长期被排除在国际空间站之外。该国的太空计划在过去十年中迅速扩大，仅在过去一年中就加快了步伐--科学家于12月和5月分别在月球和火星上成功登陆了探索漫游车。
exclude
exclude作动词，表示“阻止…进入；把…排斥在外”，英文解释为“to prevent someone or something from entering a place or taking part in an activity”，举个🌰：
Women are still excluded from the club.
这家俱乐部仍然把女性拒之门外。
🎬电影《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）中的台词提到：Children, I exhort you to shun her, exclude her, shut her out from this day forth. 孩子们，奉劝你们离她远点，排斥她，从今天起与她隔绝。
legislative
表示“法律的；立法的”，英文解释为“relating to laws or the making of laws”举个🌰：
The European Parliament will have greater legislative powers (= ability to make laws).
欧洲议会将获得更大的立法权。
expand
表示“（使）（尺寸、数量或重要性）扩大，增加；（使）膨胀”，英文解释为“to increase in size, number, or importance, or to make something increase in this way”举个🌰：
The air in the balloon expands when heated.
气球里的空气加热后膨胀。
上文提到的extend也有类似含义：
extend表示“扩大；扩展；使增加长度”，英文解释为“to add to something in order to make it bigger or longer”举个🌰：
We have plans to extend our house (= to make it bigger).
我们计划扩建房屋。
rover
rover常见意思是“流浪者；漫游者”（a person who roves; wanderer），此处rover的英文解释为“a vehicle for exploring the surface of an extraterrestrial body (as the moon or Mars)”，即指部署在火星/月球上的探测器，即火星车/月球车，此前在「嗯，用不了多久...」一文中就提到美国的火星探测车（亦称为机遇号/机会号/火星探测漫游者-B，MER-B）因火星尘暴与地球“失联”3个多月时就这么表达：An American rover called Opportunity stopped working six months ago in a dust storm, but may revive if wind blows the dust off its solar panels.
📍此外，我们常听说的汽车品牌“路虎”的英文就是“Land Rover”。
Land Rover is a luxury car brand that specialises in four-wheel-drive vehicles, owned by British multinational car manufacturer Jaguar Land Rover, which has been owned by India's Tata Motors since 2008.（Wikipedia）
路虎是英国的全地形车和运动型多用途车品牌，隶属于捷豹路虎，总部位于英国考文垂怀特利（Whitley）。
Russia, a longtime contributor on the ISS, has also left the project and is now considering launching its own space station by 2030.
俄罗斯是国际空间站的长期贡献者，也已经离开了该项目，现在正考虑在2030年前发射自己的空间站。
谢谢你看到这里呀
公众号后台对话框里发送：666
参与抽奖（8月27日0点开）
公众号后台对话框里发送：沙发
查看沙发计划，抢沙发拿奖励
公众号后台对话框里发送：打卡
参与每天持续行动打卡计划
- 那年今日 -
- END -
LearnAndRecord
2015年2月8日
2021年8月20日
第2386天
每天持续行动学外语